CVE-2025-59425

HIGHNVD 7.57.5
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

This high-severity CVE scores 7.5 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.6% (45th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). No GitHub Security Advisory CVSS is on record for this CVE.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from NVD CVSS v3
Sources: EPSS, NVD CVSS v3
7.5EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.6%CVSS: 7.5Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

vLLM is an inference and serving engine for large language models (LLMs). Before version 0.11.0rc2, the API key support in vLLM performs validation using a method that was vulnerable to a timing attack. API key validation uses a string comparison that takes longer the more characters the provided API key gets correct. Data analysis across many attempts could allow an attacker to determine when it finds the next correct character in the key sequence. Deployments relying on vLLM's built-in API key validation are vulnerable to authentication bypass using this technique. Version 0.11.0rc2 fixes the issue.

CVSS v3
7.5
EG Score
7.5HIGHmedium confidence
EG Risk
49
EG Risk 49/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity75% × 45%
The EG Score, 7.5 of 10.
Exploitation0.6% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
0.6%
EPSS %ILE
45th
KEV
Not listed

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

October 7, 2025

Last Modified

October 16, 2025

References (4)

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-59425(8)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(7)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
redhatrhoai/odh-vllm-cpu-rhel9:17720934362026-03-04redhat
redhatrhoai/odh-vllm-gaudi-rhel9:17709560342026-03-04redhat
redhatrhaiis/vllm-cuda-rhel9:17721605932026-02-27redhat
redhatrhaiis/vllm-rocm-rhel9:17721606252026-02-27redhat
redhatrhaiis/model-opt-cuda-rhel9:3.2.2-17648717962025-12-10redhat
redhatrhaiis/vllm-cuda-rhel9:3.2.2-17653790882025-12-10redhat
redhatrhaiis/vllm-rocm-rhel9:3.2.2-17653790492025-12-10redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
PyPI(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
vllm0.0.1 ... 0.9.2 (66 versions)
  • every version up to 0.11.0: fixed in 0.11.0
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 11× in last 7d / 31× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 93 of 174 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 7 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 81 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-15 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  2. 2026-10-14 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  3. 2026-10-13 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  4. 2026-10-12 16:53 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-12 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  6. 2026-10-11 20:27 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-11 18:39 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-11 15:14 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-11 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  10. 2026-10-10 19:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  11. 2026-10-09 20:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  12. 2026-10-08 17:10 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  13. 2026-10-07 23:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  14. 2026-10-06 15:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  15. 2026-10-05 17:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  16. 2026-10-04 23:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  17. 2026-10-03 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  18. 2026-10-02 03:40 UTCOSV refresh
  19. 2026-10-01 19:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  20. 2026-09-30 15:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  21. 2026-09-29 15:20 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  22. 2026-09-28 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  23. 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  24. 2026-09-24 14:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  25. 2026-09-23 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
Show 68 more
  1. 2026-09-20 20:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  2. 2026-09-19 15:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  3. 2026-09-18 19:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  4. 2026-09-17 19:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  5. 2026-09-16 14:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  6. 2026-09-16 05:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  7. 2026-09-13 16:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  8. 2026-09-12 21:36 UTCOSV refresh
  9. 2026-09-12 15:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  10. 2026-09-11 14:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  11. 2026-09-11 09:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  12. 2026-09-10 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  13. 2026-09-08 21:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  14. 2026-09-07 16:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  15. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  16. 2026-09-05 15:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  17. 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  18. 2026-09-02 14:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  19. 2026-09-01 13:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  20. 2026-09-01 04:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  21. 2026-08-30 19:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  22. 2026-08-30 01:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  23. 2026-08-28 21:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  24. 2026-08-27 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  25. 2026-08-26 14:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  26. 2026-08-25 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  27. 2026-08-25 02:26 UTCOSV refresh
  28. 2026-08-24 14:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  29. 2026-08-24 09:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  30. 2026-08-23 00:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  31. 2026-08-21 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
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  33. 2026-08-19 17:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  34. 2026-08-18 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
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  36. 2026-08-16 14:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  37. 2026-08-16 02:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  38. 2026-08-15 01:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  39. 2026-08-13 21:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  40. 2026-08-12 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  41. 2026-08-11 13:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  42. 2026-08-10 23:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  43. 2026-08-09 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  44. 2026-08-08 19:49 UTCOSV refresh
  45. 2026-08-08 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  46. 2026-08-07 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  47. 2026-08-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  48. 2026-08-05 19:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  49. 2026-08-04 15:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  50. 2026-08-04 10:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  51. 2026-08-03 10:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  52. 2026-08-02 02:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  53. 2026-08-01 04:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  54. 2026-07-30 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  55. 2026-07-30 01:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  56. 2026-07-28 15:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  57. 2026-07-26 14:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  58. 2026-07-25 14:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  59. 2026-07-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  60. 2026-07-23 18:11 UTCOSV refresh
  61. 2026-07-23 14:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  62. 2026-07-23 02:59 UTCEG score recompute
  63. 2026-07-22 14:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  64. 2026-07-21 15:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  65. 2026-07-20 17:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
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  67. 2026-07-19 02:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  68. 2026-07-18 10:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile

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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-59425?
CVE-2025-59425 is a high-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on October 7, 2025. vLLM is an inference and serving engine for large language models (LLMs). Before version 0.11.0rc2, the API key support in vLLM performs validation using a method that was vulnerable to a timing attack. API key validation uses a string comparison that takes longer the more characters the provided…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2025-59425 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2025-59425 was published on October 7, 2025. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 16, 2025; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2025-59425 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-59425 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.6% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (45th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-59425?
CVE-2025-59425 has a CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-59425?
A fix for CVE-2025-59425 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2025-59425 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

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