CVE-2025-32989

MEDIUMPre-NVD 5.35.3
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

Score 5.3 from GitHub Security Advisory published 2025-07-10. The CNA's CVSS baseline 5.3; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: the CNA's CVSS, EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory
Trending — 4 sources updated this week
5.3EG
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 1.5%CVSS: 5.3Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

A heap-buffer-overread vulnerability was found in GnuTLS in how it handles the Certificate Transparency (CT) Signed Certificate Timestamp (SCT) extension during X.509 certificate parsing. This flaw allows a malicious user to create a certificate containing a malformed SCT extension (OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.11129.2.4.2) that contains sensitive data. This issue leads to the exposure of confidential information when GnuTLS verifies certificates from certain websites when the certificate (SCT) is not checked correctly.

CVSS v3
5.3
EG Score
5.3MEDIUMmedium confidence
EG Risk
24
EG Risk 24/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity53% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 5.3 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation1.5% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at every mission impact level.
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
1.5%
EPSS %ILE
73rd
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (5.3): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 5.3 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
5.3 MEDIUMCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
1.5% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-17). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at every mission impact level.CISA BOD 26-04: 60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at every mission impact level.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

July 10, 2025

Last Modified

October 15, 2026

Advisory Details (10)

Auto-updated Jun 25, 2026
Patch available. Sources: redhat.
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

2359621 – (CVE-2025-32989) CVE-2025-32989 gnutls: Vulnerability in GnuTLS SCT extension parsing

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10

https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2359621
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

cve-details

https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-32989
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7477
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:22529
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:19088
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Update Services for SAP Solutions.

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:17361
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Extended Update Support.

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:17348
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:17181
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:16116
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10.

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:16115

Patch Availability(9)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntulibgnutls30t64 (3.8.9-2ubuntu3.1) @ plucky2026-08-21ubuntu
redhatgnutls-main-3.8.12-1.1.hum12026-04-10redhat
redhatrhceph/rhceph-7-rhel9:72025-12-01redhat
redhatdiscovery/discovery-ui-rhel9:2.3.0-17605543842025-10-23redhat
redhatgnutls-0:3.8.3-4.el9_4.42025-10-06redhat
redhatgnutls-0:3.7.6-21.el9_2.42025-10-06redhat
redhatinsights-proxy/insights-proxy-container-rhel9:1.5.7-17593319892025-10-01redhat
redhatgnutls-0:3.8.3-6.el9_6.22025-09-17redhat
redhatgnutls-0:3.8.9-9.el10_0.142025-09-17redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(8 across 8 ecosystems)
Alpine:v3.20(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls—
  • every version up to 3.8.12-r0: fixed in 3.8.12-r0
—
Alpine:v3.21(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls—
  • every version up to 3.8.12-r0: fixed in 3.8.12-r0
—
Alpine:v3.22(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls—
  • every version up to 3.8.12-r0: fixed in 3.8.12-r0
—
Alpine:v3.23(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls—
  • every version up to 3.8.11-r0: fixed in 3.8.11-r0
—
Alpine:v3.24(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls—
  • every version up to 3.8.11-r0: fixed in 3.8.11-r0
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls283.7.9-2, 3.7.9-2+deb12u1, 3.7.9-2+deb12u2, 3.7.9-2+deb12u3, 3.7.9-2+deb12u4
  • every version up to 3.7.9-2+deb12u5: fixed in 3.7.9-2+deb12u5
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls28—
  • every version up to 3.8.9-3: fixed in 3.8.9-3
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls28—
  • every version up to 3.8.9-3: fixed in 3.8.9-3
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(2)

Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 11× in last 7d / 33× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 98 of 230 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 2 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 132 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-19 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 73rd percentile
  2. 2026-10-18 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 73rd percentile
  3. 2026-10-18 05:37 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-17 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 73rd percentile
  5. 2026-10-16 16:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 73rd percentile
  6. 2026-10-15 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 73rd percentile
  7. 2026-10-15 02:00 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-15 02:00 UTCVendor advisory
  9. 2026-10-15 01:59 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f7q5-qg45-7vm8 · GitHub CVSS 5.3
  10. 2026-10-14 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 73rd percentile
  11. 2026-10-13 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 73rd percentile
  12. 2026-10-12 17:10 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-10-12 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 72nd percentile
  14. 2026-10-11 20:42 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-11 18:53 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-11 15:30 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-10-11 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 72nd percentile
  18. 2026-10-10 19:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  19. 2026-10-10 00:55 UTCOSV refresh
  20. 2026-10-09 20:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  21. 2026-10-08 17:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  22. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  23. 2026-10-06 15:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  24. 2026-10-05 17:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  25. 2026-10-03 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
Show 73 more
  1. 2026-10-01 19:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  2. 2026-09-30 15:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  3. 2026-09-28 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 69th percentile
  4. 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
  5. 2026-09-26 00:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
  6. 2026-09-24 14:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
  7. 2026-09-23 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
  8. 2026-09-20 20:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
  9. 2026-09-20 09:03 UTCOSV refresh
  10. 2026-09-18 19:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
  11. 2026-09-17 19:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
  12. 2026-09-16 14:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
  13. 2026-09-16 05:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
  14. 2026-09-13 16:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
  15. 2026-09-12 15:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
  16. 2026-09-11 14:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
  17. 2026-09-11 09:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
  18. 2026-09-10 09:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
  19. 2026-09-08 21:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 67th percentile
  20. 2026-09-07 16:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 67th percentile
  21. 2026-09-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 67th percentile
  22. 2026-09-04 05:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 67th percentile
  23. 2026-09-02 14:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 67th percentile
  24. 2026-09-01 13:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 66th percentile
  25. 2026-09-01 12:32 UTCEG score recompute
  26. 2026-09-01 12:32 UTCVendor advisory
  27. 2026-09-01 12:32 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f7q5-qg45-7vm8 · GitHub CVSS 5.3
  28. 2026-09-01 12:02 UTCEG score recompute
  29. 2026-09-01 12:02 UTCVendor advisory
  30. 2026-09-01 12:02 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f7q5-qg45-7vm8 · GitHub CVSS 5.3
  31. 2026-09-01 04:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 66th percentile
  32. 2026-08-31 16:43 UTCEG score recompute
  33. 2026-08-31 16:43 UTCVendor advisory
  34. 2026-08-31 16:43 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f7q5-qg45-7vm8 · GitHub CVSS 5.3
  35. 2026-08-31 15:09 UTCEG score recompute
  36. 2026-08-31 15:09 UTCVendor advisory
  37. 2026-08-31 15:09 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f7q5-qg45-7vm8 · GitHub CVSS 5.3
  38. 2026-08-30 19:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 66th percentile
  39. 2026-08-30 01:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 66th percentile
  40. 2026-08-28 21:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 66th percentile
  41. 2026-08-27 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 66th percentile
  42. 2026-08-26 14:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 66th percentile
  43. 2026-08-25 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 66th percentile
  44. 2026-08-23 00:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 65th percentile
  45. 2026-08-21 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 65th percentile
  46. 2026-08-21 13:24 UTCEG score recompute
  47. 2026-08-21 13:24 UTCVendor advisory
  48. 2026-08-21 13:24 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f7q5-qg45-7vm8 · GitHub CVSS 5.3
  49. 2026-08-21 12:51 UTCEG score recompute
  50. 2026-08-21 12:51 UTCVendor advisory
  51. 2026-08-21 12:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f7q5-qg45-7vm8 · GitHub CVSS 5.3
  52. 2026-08-20 22:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 65th percentile
  53. 2026-08-19 17:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 65th percentile
  54. 2026-08-18 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 65th percentile
  55. 2026-08-17 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 65th percentile
  56. 2026-08-16 14:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 65th percentile
  57. 2026-08-16 02:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 64th percentile
  58. 2026-08-15 01:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 64th percentile
  59. 2026-08-13 21:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 64th percentile
  60. 2026-08-12 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 64th percentile
  61. 2026-08-12 09:45 UTCOSV refresh
  62. 2026-08-10 23:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 64th percentile
  63. 2026-08-09 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 64th percentile
  64. 2026-08-07 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 64th percentile
  65. 2026-08-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 64th percentile
  66. 2026-08-05 19:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 64th percentile
  67. 2026-08-04 15:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 64th percentile
  68. 2026-08-04 10:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 64th percentile
  69. 2026-08-03 10:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 64th percentile
  70. 2026-08-02 02:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 64th percentile
  71. 2026-08-01 04:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 64th percentile
  72. 2026-07-30 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 64th percentile
  73. 2026-07-30 01:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 64th percentile

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-32989?
CVE-2025-32989 is a medium-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on July 10, 2025. A heap-buffer-overread vulnerability was found in GnuTLS in how it handles the Certificate Transparency (CT) Signed Certificate Timestamp (SCT) extension during X.509 certificate parsing. This flaw allows a malicious user to create a certificate containing a malformed SCT extension (OID…
When was CVE-2025-32989 made public?
CVE-2025-32989 was made public on July 10, 2025: that is the date its CVE record's CNA, Red Hat, Inc., gives for when the vulnerability was made public. The CVE record itself was published on July 10, 2025. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 15, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2025-32989 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-32989 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 1.5% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (73rd percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-32989?
CVE-2025-32989 has a CVSS base score of 5.3 (the CNA's own assessment, by redhat; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-32989?
A fix for CVE-2025-32989 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2025-32989 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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