In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
vsock/vmci: fix UAF when peer resets connection during handshake
vmci_transport_recv_connecting_server() returned err = 0 for a peer RST in its default switch arm:
err = pkt->type == VMCI_TRANSPORT_PACKET_TYPE_RST ? 0 : -EINVAL;
That made vmci_transport_recv_listen() skip vsock_remove_pending(), leaving the pending socket on the listener's pending_links with sk_state = TCP_CLOSE while destroy: still dropped the explicit reference taken before schedule_delayed_work().
One second later vsock_pending_work() observed is_pending=true and performed full cleanup: vsock_remove_pending() then the two trailing sock_put(sk) calls -- the first reached refcount 0 and __sk_freed the socket, and the second wrote into the freed object:
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in refcount_warn_saturate Write of size 4 at addr ffff88800b1cac80 by task kworker Workqueue: events vsock_pending_work
Treat peer RST like any other unexpected packet type (err = -EINVAL). All destroy: arms now return err < 0, so vmci_transport_recv_listen() removes pending from pending_links synchronously and vsock_pending_work() takes the is_pending=false / !rejected branch, dropping only its own work reference. This also closes the multi-packet race Sashiko reported on v2: pending is removed from the list before any subsequent packet can find it.
The pre-existing sk_acceptq_removed() gap on the err < 0 path of vmci_transport_recv_listen() that Sashiko also noted is not introduced or changed by this patch.
Tested on lts-6.12.79 with KASAN: 52/100 unpatched -> 0/100 patched.