CVE-2026-3281

HIGHNVD 7.87.8—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This high-severity CVE scores 7.8 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.2%, top 84% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory enrichment pending alignment with NVD CVSS.

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, ghsa, nvd
Elevated
7.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0%CVSS: 7.8Exploit: Elevated riskExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

A vulnerability was detected in libvips 8.19.0. This affects the function vips_bandrank_build of the file libvips/conversion/bandrank.c. Performing a manipulation of the argument index results in heap-based buffer overflow. The attack must be initiated from a local position. The exploit is now public and may be used. The patch is named fd28c5463697712cb0ab116a2c55e4f4d92c4088. It is suggested to install a patch to address this issue.

CVSS v3
7.8
EG Score
7.8(medium)
EG Risk
51(Track)
EG Risk 51/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity78% × 45%
Exploitation40% × 40%
Automatability0% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS PROB
0%
EPSS %ILE
16%
KEV
Not listed

Published

February 27, 2026

Last Modified

June 17, 2026

Advisory Details (5)

Auto-updated Aug 2, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github_commit, github_pr.
github_pr Patch Available

bandrank: check index is in range #4878

Patch available: libvips/libvips v8.18.1 (PR #4895 merged 2026-02-22)

https://github.com/libvips/libvips/pull/4895
generic

bandrank: unchecked `--index` causes out-of-bounds read in `vips_bandrank_buffer()` · Issue #4878 · libvips/libvips · GitHub

https://github.com/libvips/libvips/issues/4878#issue-3944209102
generic

bandrank: unchecked `--index` causes out-of-bounds read in `vips_bandrank_buffer()` · Issue #4878 · libvips/libvips · GitHub

https://github.com/libvips/libvips/issues/4878
github_commit Patch Available

commit fd28c5463697 (libvips/libvips)

Patch available: libvips/libvips v8.18.1 (contains commit fd28c5463697)

https://github.com/libvips/libvips/commit/fd28c5463697712cb0ab116a2c55e4f4d92c4088
generic

GitHub - libvips/libvips: A fast image processing library with low memory needs. · GitHub

https://github.com/libvips/libvips/

Affected Packages

(4 across 4 ecosystems)
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
vips8.10.5-2 ... 8.18.4-1 (41 versions)——
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
vips8.14.1-3, 8.14.1-3+deb12u1, 8.14.1-3+deb12u28.14.1-3+deb12u3—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
vips8.16.1-18.16.1-1+deb13u1—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
vips8.16.1-1 ... 8.18.0-2 (6 versions)8.18.0-3—

Weakness Classification(2)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 8× in last 7d / 27× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 180 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-09-19 13:02 UTCOSV refresh
  2. 2026-09-18 19:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-09-18 19:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-09-17 19:30 UTCEPSS rescore
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  18. 2026-09-01 13:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-09-01 04:39 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-08-31 16:34 UTCOSV refresh
  21. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescore
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  1. 2026-08-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-08-21 23:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-08-19 17:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-08-18 13:48 UTCEPSS rescore
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  8. 2026-08-16 02:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-08-15 01:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-08-14 21:08 UTCGHSA enrichment
  11. 2026-08-14 08:51 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-08-14 08:51 UTCGHSA enrichment
  13. 2026-08-13 22:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-08-13 00:49 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-08-13 00:49 UTCGHSA enrichment
  16. 2026-08-12 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-08-11 23:37 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-08-11 23:37 UTCGHSA enrichment
  19. 2026-08-11 13:43 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-08-11 06:12 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-08-11 06:12 UTCGHSA enrichment
  22. 2026-08-11 00:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-08-10 08:31 UTCGHSA enrichment
  24. 2026-08-09 20:06 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-08-09 20:06 UTCGHSA enrichment
  26. 2026-08-09 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-08-09 08:29 UTCEG score recompute
  28. 2026-08-09 08:29 UTCGHSA enrichment
  29. 2026-08-08 16:37 UTCEPSS rescore
  30. 2026-08-08 08:08 UTCGHSA enrichment
  31. 2026-08-07 20:31 UTCEG score recompute
  32. 2026-08-07 20:31 UTCGHSA enrichment
  33. 2026-08-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
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  35. 2026-08-06 02:55 UTCGHSA enrichment
  36. 2026-08-05 19:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  37. 2026-08-04 15:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  38. 2026-08-04 10:38 UTCEPSS rescore
  39. 2026-08-04 04:54 UTCEG score recompute
  40. 2026-08-04 04:54 UTCGHSA enrichment
  41. 2026-08-03 10:36 UTCEPSS rescore
  42. 2026-08-02 19:24 UTCEG score recompute▲ 2.50
  43. 2026-08-02 19:24 UTCGHSA enrichment
  44. 2026-08-02 02:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  45. 2026-08-01 04:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  46. 2026-07-30 16:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  47. 2026-07-30 01:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  48. 2026-07-27 14:13 UTCEPSS rescore
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  57. 2026-07-23 03:09 UTCEG score recompute
  58. 2026-07-22 14:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  59. 2026-07-21 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  60. 2026-07-20 17:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  61. 2026-07-19 02:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  62. 2026-07-18 10:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  63. 2026-07-17 10:59 UTCOSV refresh
  64. 2026-07-16 17:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  65. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
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  67. 2026-07-15 02:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  68. 2026-07-13 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore
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  71. 2026-07-12 05:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  72. 2026-07-11 08:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  73. 2026-07-09 19:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  74. 2026-07-08 15:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  75. 2026-07-07 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore

Related CVEs(same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-3281?
CVE-2026-3281 is a high vulnerability published on February 27, 2026. A vulnerability was detected in libvips 8.19.0. This affects the function vipsbandrankbuild of the file libvips/conversion/bandrank.c. Performing a manipulation of the argument index results in heap-based buffer overflow. The attack must be initiated from a local position. The exploit is now public…
When was CVE-2026-3281 disclosed?
CVE-2026-3281 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on February 27, 2026, with the most recent update on June 17, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2026-3281 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-3281 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 84.2% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-3281?
CVE-2026-3281 has a CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-3281?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2026-3281, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

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