CVE-2026-31236

CRITICALPre-NVD 9.89.8—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

Score 9.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2026-05-12. CISA-ADP (Vulnrichment) CVSS v3.1 baseline 9.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: cisa-adp, epss, ghsa
9.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: None knownExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

The llm CLI tool thru 0.27.1 contains a critical code injection vulnerability via its --functions command-line argument. This argument is intended to allow users to provide custom Python function definitions. However, the tool directly executes the provided code using the unsafe exec() function without any sanitization, sandboxing, or security restrictions. An attacker can exploit this by crafting a malicious llm command with arbitrary Python code in the --functions argument and using social engineering to trick a victim into running it. This leads to arbitrary code execution on the victim's system, potentially granting the attacker full control.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8(medium)
EG Risk
59(Track)
EG Risk 59/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity98% × 45%
Exploitation0% × 40%
Automatability100% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS PROB
0%
EPSS %ILE
25%
KEV
Not listed

Published

May 12, 2026

Last Modified

July 15, 2026

Advisory Details (5)

Auto-updated Aug 29, 2026
Patch available. Sources: redhat.
redhat
https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-31236.json
redhat

2476636 – (CVE-2026-31236) CVE-2026-31236 llm: llm CLI tool: Arbitrary code execution via code injection in --functions argument

https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2476636
redhat Patch Available

CVE-2026-31236 - Red Hat Customer Portal

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 or OpenShift Container Platform 4, is affected by this vulnerability and a fix may be released to a

https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-31236
generic

GitHub - simonw/llm: Access large language models from the command-line · GitHub

https://github.com/simonw/llm
generic

Notion

https://www.notion.so/CVE-2026-31236-35d1e139318881a4a0f1fffcf671f7e3

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-31236(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(1)

Vendor / EcosystemFixed in / PatchReleasedSource
pipllm—ghsa

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(3 across 3 ecosystems)
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
llm0.14-1 ... 0.32~rc2-1 (19 versions)——
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
llm0.14-1 ... 0.32~rc2-1 (19 versions)——
PyPI(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
llm0.1 ... 0.9a1 (55 versions)——

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 8× in last 7d / 92× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 312 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-09-01 04:39 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-09-01 04:39 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-08-30 01:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-08-28 21:41 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-08-27 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-08-26 14:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-08-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-08-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-08-24 00:53 UTCGHSA enrichment
  11. 2026-08-23 18:20 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-08-23 18:20 UTCGHSA enrichment
  13. 2026-08-23 00:19 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-08-21 23:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-08-19 17:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-08-18 13:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-08-17 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-08-17 10:53 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-08-17 10:53 UTCGHSA enrichment
  22. 2026-08-16 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-08-16 08:36 UTCGHSA enrichment
  24. 2026-08-16 04:15 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-08-16 04:15 UTCGHSA enrichment
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-08-16 02:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-08-15 01:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-08-15 00:26 UTCGHSA enrichment
  4. 2026-08-14 20:06 UTCGHSA enrichment
  5. 2026-08-14 15:46 UTCGHSA enrichment
  6. 2026-08-14 11:26 UTCGHSA enrichment
  7. 2026-08-14 07:06 UTCGHSA enrichment
  8. 2026-08-14 02:46 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-08-14 02:46 UTCGHSA enrichment
  10. 2026-08-13 22:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-08-13 10:47 UTCGHSA enrichment
  12. 2026-08-13 05:56 UTCGHSA enrichment
  13. 2026-08-13 00:55 UTCGHSA enrichment
  14. 2026-08-12 20:35 UTCGHSA enrichment
  15. 2026-08-12 16:15 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-08-12 16:15 UTCGHSA enrichment
  17. 2026-08-12 13:50 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-08-12 00:28 UTCGHSA enrichment
  19. 2026-08-11 20:07 UTCGHSA enrichment
  20. 2026-08-11 15:42 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-08-11 15:42 UTCGHSA enrichment
  22. 2026-08-11 09:50 UTCGHSA enrichment
  23. 2026-08-11 05:24 UTCGHSA enrichment
  24. 2026-08-11 01:04 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-08-11 01:04 UTCGHSA enrichment
  26. 2026-08-11 00:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-08-10 12:50 UTCGHSA enrichment
  28. 2026-08-10 08:30 UTCGHSA enrichment
  29. 2026-08-10 04:10 UTCGHSA enrichment
  30. 2026-08-09 23:50 UTCGHSA enrichment
  31. 2026-08-09 19:30 UTCGHSA enrichment
  32. 2026-08-09 15:10 UTCEG score recompute
  33. 2026-08-09 15:10 UTCGHSA enrichment
  34. 2026-08-09 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  35. 2026-08-09 10:50 UTCGHSA enrichment
  36. 2026-08-09 06:26 UTCGHSA enrichment
  37. 2026-08-09 02:06 UTCEG score recompute
  38. 2026-08-09 02:06 UTCGHSA enrichment
  39. 2026-08-08 16:37 UTCEPSS rescore
  40. 2026-08-08 09:57 UTCGHSA enrichment
  41. 2026-08-08 05:37 UTCGHSA enrichment
  42. 2026-08-08 01:17 UTCGHSA enrichment
  43. 2026-08-07 20:57 UTCGHSA enrichment
  44. 2026-08-07 16:37 UTCEG score recompute
  45. 2026-08-07 16:37 UTCGHSA enrichment
  46. 2026-08-07 12:16 UTCGHSA enrichment
  47. 2026-08-07 07:56 UTCGHSA enrichment
  48. 2026-08-07 01:30 UTCGHSA enrichment
  49. 2026-08-06 21:10 UTCGHSA enrichment
  50. 2026-08-06 16:50 UTCEG score recompute
  51. 2026-08-06 16:50 UTCGHSA enrichment
  52. 2026-08-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  53. 2026-08-06 10:50 UTCGHSA enrichment
  54. 2026-08-06 06:29 UTCGHSA enrichment
  55. 2026-08-06 02:09 UTCGHSA enrichment
  56. 2026-08-05 21:49 UTCEG score recompute
  57. 2026-08-05 21:49 UTCGHSA enrichment
  58. 2026-08-05 19:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  59. 2026-08-04 15:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  60. 2026-08-04 10:38 UTCEPSS rescore
  61. 2026-08-04 03:57 UTCGHSA enrichment
  62. 2026-08-03 23:37 UTCGHSA enrichment
  63. 2026-08-03 19:17 UTCGHSA enrichment
  64. 2026-08-03 02:51 UTCGHSA enrichment
  65. 2026-08-02 22:31 UTCGHSA enrichment
  66. 2026-08-02 18:11 UTCGHSA enrichment
  67. 2026-08-02 13:51 UTCGHSA enrichment
  68. 2026-08-02 09:31 UTCGHSA enrichment
  69. 2026-08-02 04:17 UTCEG score recompute
  70. 2026-08-02 04:17 UTCGHSA enrichment
  71. 2026-08-02 02:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  72. 2026-08-01 23:22 UTCEG score recompute
  73. 2026-08-01 23:22 UTCGHSA enrichment
  74. 2026-08-01 04:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  75. 2026-07-30 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore

Related CVEs(same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-31236?
CVE-2026-31236 is a critical vulnerability published on May 12, 2026. The llm CLI tool thru 0.27.1 contains a critical code injection vulnerability via its --functions command-line argument. This argument is intended to allow users to provide custom Python function definitions. However, the tool directly executes the provided code using the unsafe exec() function…
When was CVE-2026-31236 disclosed?
CVE-2026-31236 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on May 12, 2026, with the most recent update on July 15, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2026-31236 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-31236 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 74.8% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-31236?
CVE-2026-31236 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (CISA-ADP / Vulnrichment enrichment; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-31236?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2026-31236, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

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