CVE-2026-31231

CRITICALNVD 9.89.8—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

Score 9.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2026-05-12. NVD baseline CVSS 9.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: epss, ghsa, nvd
9.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 1%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: None knownExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

Cognee thru v0.4.0 contains a critical remote code execution vulnerability in its notebook cell execution API endpoint. The endpoint is designed to execute arbitrary Python code provided by the user, but it does so using the unsafe exec() function without any sandboxing, validation, or security controls. An attacker can exploit this by sending a specially crafted POST request containing malicious Python code to the execution endpoint. This leads to arbitrary code execution on the Cognee server with the privileges of the server process, allowing complete compromise of the system.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8(medium)
EG Risk
59(Track)
EG Risk 59/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity98% × 45%
Exploitation1% × 40%
Automatability100% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS PROB
1%
EPSS %ILE
48%
KEV
Not listed

Published

May 12, 2026

Last Modified

May 15, 2026

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Aug 26, 2026
No patch confirmed yet.
generic

GitHub - topoteretes/cognee: Cognee is the open-source AI memory platform for agents. Give your AI agents persistent long-term memory across sessions with a self-hosted knowledge graph engine. · GitHub

https://github.com/topoteretes/cognee
generic

Notion

https://www.notion.so/CVE-2026-31231-35d1e13931888178a963ef9efeb29113

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-31231(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 8× in last 7d / 96× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 323 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-09-01 04:39 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-09-01 04:39 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-08-30 01:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-08-28 21:41 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-08-27 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-08-26 14:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-08-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-08-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-08-23 18:20 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-08-23 18:20 UTCGHSA enrichment
  12. 2026-08-23 00:19 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-08-21 23:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-08-19 17:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-08-18 13:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-08-17 14:54 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-08-17 14:54 UTCGHSA enrichment
  20. 2026-08-17 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-08-17 10:53 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-08-17 10:53 UTCGHSA enrichment
  23. 2026-08-16 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-08-16 12:17 UTCGHSA enrichment
  25. 2026-08-16 08:16 UTCGHSA enrichment
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-08-16 04:15 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-08-16 04:15 UTCGHSA enrichment
  3. 2026-08-16 02:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-08-15 01:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-08-14 22:50 UTCGHSA enrichment
  6. 2026-08-14 18:49 UTCGHSA enrichment
  7. 2026-08-14 14:49 UTCGHSA enrichment
  8. 2026-08-14 10:48 UTCGHSA enrichment
  9. 2026-08-14 06:47 UTCGHSA enrichment
  10. 2026-08-14 02:46 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-08-14 02:46 UTCGHSA enrichment
  12. 2026-08-13 22:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-08-13 08:19 UTCGHSA enrichment
  14. 2026-08-13 04:18 UTCGHSA enrichment
  15. 2026-08-13 00:17 UTCGHSA enrichment
  16. 2026-08-12 20:16 UTCGHSA enrichment
  17. 2026-08-12 16:15 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-08-12 16:15 UTCGHSA enrichment
  19. 2026-08-12 13:50 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-08-11 23:44 UTCGHSA enrichment
  21. 2026-08-11 19:42 UTCGHSA enrichment
  22. 2026-08-11 15:42 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-08-11 15:42 UTCGHSA enrichment
  24. 2026-08-11 09:05 UTCGHSA enrichment
  25. 2026-08-11 05:04 UTCGHSA enrichment
  26. 2026-08-11 01:04 UTCEG score recompute
  27. 2026-08-11 01:04 UTCGHSA enrichment
  28. 2026-08-11 00:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  29. 2026-08-10 11:32 UTCGHSA enrichment
  30. 2026-08-10 06:34 UTCGHSA enrichment
  31. 2026-08-10 02:33 UTCGHSA enrichment
  32. 2026-08-09 22:32 UTCGHSA enrichment
  33. 2026-08-09 18:31 UTCGHSA enrichment
  34. 2026-08-09 14:31 UTCEG score recompute
  35. 2026-08-09 14:31 UTCGHSA enrichment
  36. 2026-08-09 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  37. 2026-08-09 10:27 UTCGHSA enrichment
  38. 2026-08-09 06:07 UTCGHSA enrichment
  39. 2026-08-09 02:06 UTCEG score recompute
  40. 2026-08-09 02:06 UTCGHSA enrichment
  41. 2026-08-08 16:37 UTCEPSS rescore
  42. 2026-08-08 12:17 UTCGHSA enrichment
  43. 2026-08-08 08:16 UTCGHSA enrichment
  44. 2026-08-08 04:15 UTCGHSA enrichment
  45. 2026-08-08 00:14 UTCGHSA enrichment
  46. 2026-08-07 20:13 UTCEG score recompute
  47. 2026-08-07 20:13 UTCGHSA enrichment
  48. 2026-08-07 16:12 UTCGHSA enrichment
  49. 2026-08-07 12:12 UTCGHSA enrichment
  50. 2026-08-07 07:56 UTCGHSA enrichment
  51. 2026-08-07 01:30 UTCGHSA enrichment
  52. 2026-08-06 18:40 UTCGHSA enrichment
  53. 2026-08-06 14:40 UTCEG score recompute
  54. 2026-08-06 14:40 UTCGHSA enrichment
  55. 2026-08-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  56. 2026-08-06 09:58 UTCGHSA enrichment
  57. 2026-08-06 05:51 UTCGHSA enrichment
  58. 2026-08-06 01:50 UTCGHSA enrichment
  59. 2026-08-05 21:49 UTCEG score recompute
  60. 2026-08-05 21:49 UTCGHSA enrichment
  61. 2026-08-05 19:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  62. 2026-08-04 15:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  63. 2026-08-04 10:38 UTCEPSS rescore
  64. 2026-08-04 03:25 UTCGHSA enrichment
  65. 2026-08-03 23:18 UTCGHSA enrichment
  66. 2026-08-03 19:17 UTCEG score recompute
  67. 2026-08-03 19:17 UTCGHSA enrichment
  68. 2026-08-03 10:36 UTCEPSS rescore
  69. 2026-08-03 01:34 UTCGHSA enrichment
  70. 2026-08-02 21:33 UTCGHSA enrichment
  71. 2026-08-02 17:32 UTCGHSA enrichment
  72. 2026-08-02 13:31 UTCGHSA enrichment
  73. 2026-08-02 09:31 UTCGHSA enrichment
  74. 2026-08-02 03:23 UTCEG score recompute
  75. 2026-08-02 03:23 UTCGHSA enrichment

Related CVEs(same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-31231?
CVE-2026-31231 is a critical vulnerability published on May 12, 2026. Cognee thru v0.4.0 contains a critical remote code execution vulnerability in its notebook cell execution API endpoint. The endpoint is designed to execute arbitrary Python code provided by the user, but it does so using the unsafe exec() function without any sandboxing, validation, or security…
When was CVE-2026-31231 disclosed?
CVE-2026-31231 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on May 12, 2026, with the most recent update on May 15, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2026-31231 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-31231 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 1% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 52.0% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-31231?
CVE-2026-31231 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-31231?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2026-31231, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

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