CVE-2026-102278

HIGHPre-NVD 7.57.5—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This high-severity CVE scores 7.5 under a secondary CVSS source (NVD's own analysis pending). EPSS exploit probability: 0.4% (26th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, secondary
Trending — Patch released this week
7.5EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.4%CVSS: 7.5Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

The brace-expansion library generates arbitrary strings containing a common prefix and suffix. Prior to 1.1.20, 2.1.6, 3.0.8, and 5.0.11, deeply nested brace groups cause expand_() to recurse once per nesting level at comma-member and single-set expansion sites, exhausting the native stack before output limits can apply and potentially terminating the Node.js process. expand_ performs uncontrolled recursion for nested brace alternatives and single-part sets. deeply nested brace groups supplied as an untrusted pattern. expand_ is affected. expand is affected. Comma members is affected. Single set is affected. native stack exhaustion during nested sub-expansion. process-terminating denial of service. This issue is fixed in versions 1.1.20, 2.1.6, 3.0.8, and 5.0.11.

CVSS v3
7.5
EG Score
7.5HIGHmedium confidence
EG Risk
49
EG Risk 49/100CISA SSVC

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity75% × 45%
Exploitation0% × 40%
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA SSVC: Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
0.4%
EPSS %ILE
26th
KEV
Not listed

CISA SSVCTrack at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it: high means the affected system is essential to your organisation's mission, or its compromise could cause irreversible harm to people. CISA's decision table

Published

September 28, 2026

Last Modified

October 1, 2026

Advisory Details (4)

Auto-updated Sep 28, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github, github_commit.
github_commit

commit de84f144e981 (juliangruber/brace-expansion)

Fix landed in juliangruber/brace-expansion commit de84f144e981 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/de84f144e9816f30e25fc8179e2e1249ab6df0db
github_commit

commit 935d78f32f33 (juliangruber/brace-expansion)

Fix landed in juliangruber/brace-expansion commit 935d78f32f33 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/935d78f32f335b2ff76578e5c5e877d31ae9888c
github_commit

commit 1efee7c397c1 (juliangruber/brace-expansion)

Fix landed in juliangruber/brace-expansion commit 1efee7c397c1 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/1efee7c397c191da6287a78ec19512476a966a7b
github Patch Available

DoS via uncontrolled recursion on nested brace groups causing stack exhaustion · Advisory · juliangruber/brace-expansion · GitHub

https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/security/advisories/GHSA-qhr7-859c-m2p7

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-102278(5)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(6)

Vendor / EcosystemFixed in / PatchReleasedSource
redhatnodejs26-main-11.19.1-1.26.10.0.0.3.hum12026-09-30redhat
redhatnodejs22-main-10.9.9-1.22.23.3.2.3.2.2.hum12026-09-30redhat
redhatnodejs24-main-11.19.0-1.24.21.0.1.2.hum12026-09-30redhat
redhatnodejs22-main-10.9.9-1.22.23.3.2.3.2.1.hum12026-09-30redhat
redhatnodejs24-main-11.19.0-1.24.21.0.1.1.hum12026-09-30redhat
redhatnodejs26-main-11.19.1-1.26.10.0.0.2.hum12026-09-30redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
npm(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
brace-expansion—5.0.11—

Weakness Classification(2)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(3)

Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 24× in last 7d / 24× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

  1. 2026-10-04 02:44 UTCVendor advisory
  2. 2026-10-03 14:53 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-10-03 14:53 UTCVendor advisory
  4. 2026-10-03 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-10-03 03:02 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-03 03:02 UTCVendor advisory
  7. 2026-10-02 15:10 UTCVendor advisory
  8. 2026-10-02 03:18 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-02 03:18 UTCVendor advisory
  10. 2026-10-01 19:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-10-01 15:23 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-01 15:23 UTCVendor advisory
  13. 2026-10-01 15:06 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-10-01 15:06 UTCVendor advisory
  15. 2026-10-01 07:53 UTCVendor advisory
  16. 2026-09-30 20:02 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-09-30 20:02 UTCVendor advisory
  18. 2026-09-30 15:02 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-09-29 23:45 UTCEG score recompute
  20. 2026-09-29 15:20 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-09-29 09:09 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-09-28 21:18 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-09-28 21:03 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-09-28 21:02 UTCMITRE cvelistV5first tracked

Related CVEs(same product + same vendor + same CWE)

Same vendor

2 shown

redhat:RHSA-2026:74161

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-102278?
CVE-2026-102278 is a high vulnerability published on September 28, 2026. The brace-expansion library generates arbitrary strings containing a common prefix and suffix. Prior to 1.1.20, 2.1.6, 3.0.8, and 5.0.11, deeply nested brace groups cause expand() to recurse once per nesting level at comma-member and single-set expansion sites, exhausting the native stack before…
When was CVE-2026-102278 disclosed?
CVE-2026-102278 was first published on September 28, 2026, with the most recent update on October 1, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2026-102278 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-102278 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.4% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (26th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-102278?
CVE-2026-102278 has a CVSS base score of 7.5 (a secondary CVSS source that NVD displays; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-102278?
A fix for CVE-2026-102278 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-102278 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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