CVE-2026-54891

LOWNVD 3.73.7—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This low-severity CVE scores 3.7 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.1%, top 97% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, nvd
3.7EG
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorLow exploitation likelihood right now — keep watching.
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.1%CVSS: 3.7Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

Improper Enforcement of Message Integrity During Transmission in a Communication Channel vulnerability in Erlang/OTP ssl (tls_gen_connection module) allows a network-positioned attacker to inject unauthenticated plaintext that the TLS client application later treats as authenticated server data.

The function tls_gen_connection:handle_protocol_record/3 rejects APPLICATION_DATA records that arrive in pre-handshake states when the TLS endpoint acts as a server, but does not apply the same check when the endpoint acts as a client. A network-positioned attacker can send plaintext APPLICATION_DATA records to the client during the handshake. The records are buffered and, once the handshake completes successfully, delivered to the application as if they were authenticated post-handshake data. The attacker cannot observe the client's response or steer the connection, so the impact is limited to blind injection of unauthenticated bytes. The injection window is wider for TLS versions prior to TLS 1.3 than for TLS 1.3.

This vulnerability is associated with program file lib/ssl/src/tls_gen_connection.erl.

TLS 1.3 is affected starting with OTP 22.0, when TLS 1.3 support was added.

This issue affects OTP from OTP 17.0 before OTP 27.3.4.14, from OTP 28.0 before OTP 28.5.0.3, and from OTP 29.0 before OTP 29.0.3, corresponding to ssl from 5.3.4 before 11.2.12.10, from 11.3 before 11.6.0.3, and from 11.7 before 11.7.3. Whether OTP before OTP 17.0, corresponding to ssl before 5.3.4, is affected is unknown.

CVSS v3
3.7
EG Score
3.7LOWmedium confidence
EG Risk
17
EG Risk 17/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity37% × 45%
Exploitation0% × 40%
Automatability0% × 15%
EPSS PROB
0.1%
EPSS %ILE
2nd
KEV
Not listed

Published

July 2, 2026

Last Modified

September 8, 2026

Advisory Details (5)

Auto-updated Jul 3, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github_commit, github.
generic

Versions — Erlang System Documentation v29.0.3

https://www.erlang.org/doc/system/versions.html#order-of-versions
generic

OSV - Open Source Vulnerabilities

https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-54891
githubMentions a patch (unverified)

Plaintext Injection Towards (D)TLS Client During Handshake · Advisory · erlang/otp · GitHub

https://github.com/erlang/otp/security/advisories/GHSA-gf6r-99xw-6qg6
github_commit

commit 07d2d0e93f6a (erlang/otp)

Fix landed in erlang/otp commit 07d2d0e93f6a — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/07d2d0e93f6aaf7652a81e8df075fc1728da5e96
generic

Plaintext APPLICATION_DATA injected during TLS handshake delivered to client application post-handshake in ssl | Erlang Ecosystem Foundation CNA

https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-54891.html

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-54891(2)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(1)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
redhaterlang27-main-27.3.4.17-1.hum12026-09-03redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(4 across 4 ecosystems)
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
erlang1:23.2.6+dfsg-1 ... 1:29.0~rc3+dfsg-4 (117 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
erlang1:25.2.3+dfsg-1 ... 1:29.1.1+dfsg-1 (80 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
erlang1:27.3.4.1+dfsg-1, 1:27.3.4.1+dfsg-1+deb13u1, 1:27.3.4.1+dfsg-1+deb13u2
  • every version up to 1:27.3.4.1+dfsg-1+deb13u3: fixed in 1:27.3.4.1+dfsg-1+deb13u3
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
erlang1:27.3.4.1+dfsg-1 ... 1:29.0~rc3+dfsg-4 (34 versions)
  • every version up to 1:29.0.3+dfsg-1: fixed in 1:29.0.3+dfsg-1
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 7× in last 7d / 29× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 116 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-10-08 17:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-10-07 23:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-10-06 15:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-10-05 17:43 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-10-04 23:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-10-03 14:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-10-02 17:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-10-01 19:50 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-09-30 15:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-09-29 15:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-09-28 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-09-27 13:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-09-26 15:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-09-24 14:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-09-23 17:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-09-23 06:39 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-09-23 06:39 UTCVendor advisory
  19. 2026-09-20 20:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-09-18 19:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-09-18 06:15 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-09-18 06:15 UTCVendor advisory
  23. 2026-09-16 14:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-09-16 05:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-09-15 03:11 UTCEPSS rescore
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  1. 2026-09-13 16:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-09-12 14:16 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-09-12 14:16 UTCVendor advisory
  4. 2026-09-11 14:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-09-10 09:35 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-09-08 22:01 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-09-08 01:16 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-09-07 16:01 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-09-05 23:53 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-09-02 14:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-09-01 13:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-09-01 04:40 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-08-30 11:23 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-08-30 01:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-08-28 21:41 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-08-27 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-08-26 16:20 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-08-26 14:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-08-25 23:36 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-08-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-08-23 11:07 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-08-23 00:19 UTCEPSS rescore
  26. 2026-08-21 23:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  28. 2026-08-20 04:04 UTCEG score recompute
  29. 2026-08-19 17:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  30. 2026-08-18 13:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  31. 2026-08-17 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  32. 2026-08-16 20:50 UTCEG score recompute
  33. 2026-08-16 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  34. 2026-08-16 02:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  35. 2026-08-15 01:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  36. 2026-08-13 22:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  37. 2026-08-13 13:46 UTCEG score recompute
  38. 2026-08-12 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  39. 2026-08-11 00:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  40. 2026-08-10 06:42 UTCEG score recompute
  41. 2026-08-09 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  42. 2026-08-08 16:37 UTCEPSS rescore
  43. 2026-08-06 23:39 UTCEG score recompute
  44. 2026-08-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  45. 2026-08-05 19:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  46. 2026-08-04 15:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  47. 2026-08-04 10:39 UTCEPSS rescore
  48. 2026-08-03 15:29 UTCEG score recompute
  49. 2026-08-03 10:36 UTCEPSS rescore
  50. 2026-08-02 02:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  51. 2026-08-01 19:17 UTCEG score recompute
  52. 2026-08-01 04:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  53. 2026-07-30 16:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  54. 2026-07-30 01:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  55. 2026-07-29 12:13 UTCEG score recompute
  56. 2026-07-26 14:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  57. 2026-07-26 05:10 UTCEG score recompute
  58. 2026-07-24 14:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  59. 2026-07-23 14:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  60. 2026-07-23 03:20 UTCEG score recompute
  61. 2026-07-22 14:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  62. 2026-07-21 15:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  63. 2026-07-20 17:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  64. 2026-07-19 14:31 UTCEPSS rescore
  65. 2026-07-19 14:31 UTCEPSS rescore
  66. 2026-07-18 10:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  67. 2026-07-16 17:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  68. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  69. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  70. 2026-07-15 02:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  71. 2026-07-15 02:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  72. 2026-07-13 22:31 UTCEPSS rescore
  73. 2026-07-13 06:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  74. 2026-07-13 06:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  75. 2026-07-12 05:46 UTCEPSS rescore

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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-54891?
CVE-2026-54891 is a low vulnerability published on July 2, 2026. Improper Enforcement of Message Integrity During Transmission in a Communication Channel vulnerability in Erlang/OTP ssl (tlsgenconnection module) allows a network-positioned attacker to inject unauthenticated plaintext that the TLS client application later treats as authenticated server data. The…
When was CVE-2026-54891 disclosed?
CVE-2026-54891 was first published on July 2, 2026, with the most recent update on September 8, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2026-54891 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-54891 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.1% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (2nd percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-54891?
CVE-2026-54891 has a CVSS v3 base score of 3.7 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-54891?
A fix for CVE-2026-54891 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-54891 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

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