CVE-2026-45087

CRITICALNVD 10.010.0
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

This critical-severity CVE scores 10.0 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 1.4% (71st percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). No GitHub Security Advisory CVSS is on record for this CVE.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from NVD CVSS v3
Sources: EPSS, NVD CVSS v3
Weaponized
10.0EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • Public exploit code is available (Metasploit)
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 1.4%CVSS: 10.0Exploit: MetasploitExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

Dalfox is a powerful open-source XSS scanner and utility focused on automation. Prior to 2.13.0, when dalfox is started in REST API server mode (dalfox server), the server binds to 0.0.0.0:6664 by default and requires no API key unless the operator explicitly passes --api-key. Because model.Options — including FoundAction and FoundActionShell — is deserialized directly from attacker-supplied JSON in POST /scan, and because dalfox.Initialize explicitly propagates those two fields into the final scan options without stripping them, any unauthenticated caller who can reach the server port can supply an arbitrary shell command that the dalfox process will execute on the host whenever a scan finding is triggered. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.13.0.

CVSS v3
10.0
EG Score
10.0CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
86
EG Risk 86/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity100% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 10.0 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation65% × 40%
EchelonGraph's fixed weight for EG-KEV Tier 2 (Weaponized): a constant, not a probability.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
1.4%
EPSS %ILE
71st
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (10.0): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 10.0 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
10.0 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.NVD CVSS v3 · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
EG Likelihood
1.4% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-18). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track* at medium mission impactTrack at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

May 27, 2026

Last Modified

May 28, 2026

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Oct 15, 2026
🔬 Proof of concept available. Patch available. Sources: github_release, github.
GitHub advisoryMentions a patch (unverified)🟡 PoC Available

GHSA: Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution via `found-action` in Dalfox Server Mode · Advisory · hahwul/dalfox · GitHub

https://github.com/hahwul/dalfox/security/advisories/GHSA-v25v-m36w-jp4h
GitHub release Patch Available

v2.13.0

Patch available: hahwul/dalfox v2.13.0

https://github.com/hahwul/dalfox/releases/tag/v2.13.0

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-45087(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Affected Packages

(2 across 1 ecosystem)
Go(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
github.com/hahwul/dalfox—
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
github.com/hahwul/dalfox/v2—
  • every version up to 2.13.0: fixed in 2.13.0
—

Weakness Classification(3)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 13× in last 7d / 34× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 181 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 81 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-19 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  2. 2026-10-19 12:21 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-10-18 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  4. 2026-10-18 03:38 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-17 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  6. 2026-10-17 11:56 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-16 16:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  8. 2026-10-16 13:17 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-15 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  10. 2026-10-15 14:39 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-14 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  12. 2026-10-14 09:14 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-10-13 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  14. 2026-10-13 06:24 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  16. 2026-10-12 16:04 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-10-11 19:46 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-11 17:01 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-11 14:26 UTCEG score recompute
  20. 2026-10-11 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  21. 2026-10-10 20:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  22. 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  23. 2026-10-08 17:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  24. 2026-10-07 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  25. 2026-10-06 15:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-10-05 17:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  2. 2026-10-04 23:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  3. 2026-10-03 16:49 UTCOSV refresh
  4. 2026-10-03 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  5. 2026-10-01 19:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  6. 2026-09-30 15:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  7. 2026-09-27 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  8. 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  9. 2026-09-23 17:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 13% · 96th percentile
  10. 2026-09-18 19:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 13% · 96th percentile
  11. 2026-09-17 19:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 13% · 96th percentile
  12. 2026-09-16 14:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 13% · 96th percentile
  13. 2026-09-16 05:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 13% · 96th percentile
  14. 2026-09-14 07:36 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-09-13 16:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 13% · 96th percentile
  16. 2026-09-13 03:09 UTCOSV refresh
  17. 2026-09-12 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 13% · 96th percentile
  18. 2026-09-11 14:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 13% · 96th percentile
  19. 2026-09-11 09:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 13% · 96th percentile
  20. 2026-09-10 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 13% · 96th percentile
  21. 2026-09-08 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 13% · 96th percentile
  22. 2026-09-07 16:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 13% · 96th percentile
  23. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 13% · 96th percentile
  24. 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 13% · 96th percentile
  25. 2026-09-02 14:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 13% · 96th percentile
  26. 2026-09-01 13:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 13% · 96th percentile
  27. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 13% · 96th percentile
  28. 2026-08-30 01:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 13% · 96th percentile
  29. 2026-08-28 21:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 13% · 96th percentile
  30. 2026-08-27 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 13% · 96th percentile
  31. 2026-08-26 14:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 13% · 96th percentile
  32. 2026-08-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 13% · 96th percentile
  33. 2026-08-25 05:12 UTCEG score recompute
  34. 2026-08-23 14:56 UTCEG score recompute
  35. 2026-08-23 00:19 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 71st percentile
  36. 2026-08-22 00:39 UTCEG score recompute
  37. 2026-08-21 23:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 71st percentile
  38. 2026-08-21 01:28 UTCEG score recompute
  39. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 71st percentile
  40. 2026-08-20 11:14 UTCEG score recompute
  41. 2026-08-19 17:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 71st percentile
  42. 2026-08-18 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 71st percentile
  43. 2026-08-17 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 71st percentile
  44. 2026-08-16 15:13 UTCEG score recompute
  45. 2026-08-16 14:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 71st percentile
  46. 2026-08-16 02:47 UTCEG score recompute
  47. 2026-08-16 02:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 71st percentile
  48. 2026-08-15 01:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 71st percentile
  49. 2026-08-14 01:25 UTCEG score recompute
  50. 2026-08-13 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 71st percentile
  51. 2026-08-12 13:53 UTCEG score recompute
  52. 2026-08-12 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 71st percentile
  53. 2026-08-11 18:30 UTCEG score recompute
  54. 2026-08-11 00:11 UTCEG score recompute
  55. 2026-08-11 00:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 71st percentile
  56. 2026-08-09 16:39 UTCEG score recompute
  57. 2026-08-09 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 71st percentile
  58. 2026-08-08 21:10 UTCEG score recompute
  59. 2026-08-08 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 71st percentile
  60. 2026-08-07 20:07 UTCEG score recompute
  61. 2026-08-06 16:42 UTCEG score recompute
  62. 2026-08-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 71st percentile
  63. 2026-08-05 20:51 UTCEG score recompute
  64. 2026-08-05 19:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 71st percentile
  65. 2026-08-04 15:10 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 71st percentile
  66. 2026-08-04 10:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 71st percentile
  67. 2026-08-03 16:25 UTCEG score recompute
  68. 2026-08-03 10:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 71st percentile
  69. 2026-08-02 02:51 UTCEG score recompute
  70. 2026-08-02 02:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 71st percentile
  71. 2026-08-01 15:08 UTCEG score recompute
  72. 2026-08-01 04:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 71st percentile
  73. 2026-07-31 07:27 UTCEG score recompute
  74. 2026-07-30 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 71st percentile
  75. 2026-07-30 01:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.5% · 71st percentile

Publicly available exploits

(1 reference)

Public exploit code is referenced for this CVE (1 Metasploit module). Defenders should treat patch urgency accordingly.

  • Metasploitexploit/linux/http/dalfox_server_rce_cve_2026_45087✓ verified
    Published Jun 24, 2026

    Dalfox Found-Action Deserialization RCE

    Open source ↗

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-45087?
CVE-2026-45087 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on May 27, 2026. Dalfox is a powerful open-source XSS scanner and utility focused on automation. Prior to 2.13.0, when dalfox is started in REST API server mode (dalfox server), the server binds to 0.0.0.0:6664 by default and requires no API key unless the operator explicitly passes --api-key. Because model.Options…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2026-45087 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2026-45087 was published on May 27, 2026. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of May 28, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-45087 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-45087 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. EchelonGraph's EG-KEV model places it in Tier 2 (Weaponized), which is not evidence of exploitation: a Metasploit module exists for it. EchelonGraph does not test whether exploit code works. FIRST EPSS estimates a 1.4% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (71st percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-45087?
CVE-2026-45087 has a CVSS v3 base score of 10.0 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-45087?
A fix for CVE-2026-45087 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-45087 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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