CVE-2026-44577

MEDIUMPre-NVD 5.95.9
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

This medium-severity CVE scores 5.9 under a secondary CVSS source (NVD's own analysis pending). EPSS exploit probability: 0.7% (54th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). No GitHub Security Advisory CVSS is on record for this CVE.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from a secondary CVSS source
Sources: EPSS, a secondary CVSS source
Trending — 3 sources updated this week

Also known asEUVD-2026-30061 (ENISA EUVD)Source: ENISA EUVD

5.9EG
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.7%CVSS: 5.9Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

Next.js is a React framework for building full-stack web applications. From 10.0.0 to before 15.5.16 and 16.2.5, when self-hosting Next.js with the default image loader, the Image Optimization API fetches local images entirely into memory without enforcing a maximum size limit. An attacker could cause out-of-memory conditions by requesting large local assets from the /_next/image endpoint that match the images.localPatterns configuration (by default, all patterns are allowed). This vulnerability is fixed in 15.5.16 and 16.2.5.

CVSS v3
5.9
EG Score
5.9MEDIUMmedium confidence
EG Risk
27
EG Risk 27/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity59% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 5.9 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.7% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at every mission impact level.
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.7%
EPSS %ILE
54th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (5.9): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 5.9 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
5.9 MEDIUMCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.a secondary CVSS source · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
EG Likelihood
0.7% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-26). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at every mission impact level.CISA BOD 26-04: 60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at every mission impact level.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

May 13, 2026

Last Modified

October 26, 2026

Advisory Details (1)

Auto-updated Jun 16, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github.
GitHub advisoryMentions a patch (unverified)

Denial of Service in the Image Optimization API · Advisory · vercel/next.js · GitHub

https://github.com/vercel/next.js/security/advisories/GHSA-h64f-5h5j-jqjh

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-44577(4)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(3)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
redhatnext2026-08-12redhat
redhatrhtas/rekor-search-ui-rhel9:17839586222026-07-16redhat
redhatrhtas/rekor-search-ui-rhel9:17833271852026-07-09redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
npm(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
next—
  • 10.0.0 up to 15.5.16: fixed in 15.5.16
  • 16.0.0 up to 16.2.5: fixed in 16.2.5
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 10× in last 7d / 39× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 209 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 109 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-29 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 54th percentile
  2. 2026-10-28 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 54th percentile
  3. 2026-10-27 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 54th percentile
  4. 2026-10-26 17:33 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-26 17:33 UTCVendor advisory
  6. 2026-10-26 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 54th percentile
  7. 2026-10-25 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 54th percentile
  8. 2026-10-25 14:27 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-24 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  10. 2026-10-23 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  11. 2026-10-22 23:44 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-22 23:44 UTCVendor advisory
  13. 2026-10-22 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  14. 2026-10-21 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  15. 2026-10-20 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  16. 2026-10-19 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  17. 2026-10-18 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  18. 2026-10-18 03:39 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-17 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  20. 2026-10-16 16:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  21. 2026-10-15 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  22. 2026-10-14 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  23. 2026-10-13 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  24. 2026-10-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  25. 2026-10-12 16:05 UTCEG score recompute
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-10-11 19:47 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-10-11 17:01 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-10-11 14:27 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-11 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  5. 2026-10-10 20:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  6. 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  7. 2026-10-08 17:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  8. 2026-10-07 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  9. 2026-10-06 15:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  10. 2026-10-05 17:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  11. 2026-10-04 23:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  12. 2026-10-03 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  13. 2026-10-01 19:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  14. 2026-09-30 15:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  15. 2026-09-30 05:28 UTCOSV refresh
  16. 2026-09-27 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  17. 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  18. 2026-09-23 17:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  19. 2026-09-20 20:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  20. 2026-09-18 19:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  21. 2026-09-17 19:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  22. 2026-09-16 14:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  23. 2026-09-16 05:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  24. 2026-09-13 16:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  25. 2026-09-12 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  26. 2026-09-11 14:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  27. 2026-09-11 09:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  28. 2026-09-11 09:23 UTCOSV refresh
  29. 2026-09-10 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  30. 2026-09-08 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  31. 2026-09-07 16:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  32. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  33. 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  34. 2026-09-02 14:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  35. 2026-09-01 13:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  36. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  37. 2026-08-30 01:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  38. 2026-08-28 21:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  39. 2026-08-27 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  40. 2026-08-26 14:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  41. 2026-08-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  42. 2026-08-23 17:52 UTCEG score recompute
  43. 2026-08-23 17:52 UTCVendor advisory
  44. 2026-08-23 00:19 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  45. 2026-08-21 23:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  46. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  47. 2026-08-20 20:57 UTCEG score recompute
  48. 2026-08-20 20:57 UTCVendor advisory
  49. 2026-08-19 17:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  50. 2026-08-18 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  51. 2026-08-17 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  52. 2026-08-17 10:39 UTCEG score recompute
  53. 2026-08-17 10:39 UTCVendor advisory
  54. 2026-08-16 14:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  55. 2026-08-16 04:03 UTCEG score recompute
  56. 2026-08-16 04:03 UTCVendor advisory
  57. 2026-08-16 02:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  58. 2026-08-15 01:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  59. 2026-08-14 14:55 UTCEG score recompute
  60. 2026-08-14 14:55 UTCVendor advisory
  61. 2026-08-13 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
  62. 2026-08-13 13:38 UTCEG score recompute
  63. 2026-08-13 13:38 UTCVendor advisory
  64. 2026-08-13 12:28 UTCEG score recompute
  65. 2026-08-13 12:28 UTCVendor advisory
  66. 2026-08-12 15:50 UTCEG score recompute
  67. 2026-08-12 15:50 UTCVendor advisory
  68. 2026-08-12 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
  69. 2026-08-11 06:32 UTCEG score recompute
  70. 2026-08-11 06:32 UTCVendor advisory
  71. 2026-08-11 00:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
  72. 2026-08-10 05:14 UTCEG score recompute
  73. 2026-08-10 05:14 UTCVendor advisory
  74. 2026-08-09 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
  75. 2026-08-09 03:57 UTCEG score recompute

Related CVEs(same product + same vendor + same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-44577?
CVE-2026-44577 is a medium-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on May 13, 2026. Next.js is a React framework for building full-stack web applications. From 10.0.0 to before 15.5.16 and 16.2.5, when self-hosting Next.js with the default image loader, the Image Optimization API fetches local images entirely into memory without enforcing a maximum size limit. An attacker could…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2026-44577 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2026-44577 was published on May 13, 2026. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 26, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-44577 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-44577 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.7% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (54th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-44577?
CVE-2026-44577 has a CVSS base score of 5.9 (a secondary CVSS source that NVD displays; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-44577?
A fix for CVE-2026-44577 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-44577 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

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