CVE-2026-44330

CRITICALNVD 10.010.0
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score 10.0 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2026-05-08. NVD baseline CVSS 10.0; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 3 sources updated this weekElevated

Also known asEUVD-2026-32568 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-rwww-x45w-p52w (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

10.0EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • CISA's Vulnrichment rates exploitation as PoC; EchelonGraph holds no exploit-code reference for it
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.3%CVSS: 10.0Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: Not assessed

The CVE record names the fixed release — apply it.

free5GC is an open-source implementation of the 5G core network. Prior to 4.2.2, free5GC's NEF mounts the nnef-pfdmanagement route group without inbound OAuth2/bearer-token authorization. A network attacker who can reach NEF on the SBI can use a forged or arbitrary bearer token (e.g. Authorization: Bearer not-a-real-token) to read PFD application data via GET /applications and GET /applications/{appID}, and to create or delete PFD change-notification subscriptions via POST /subscriptions and DELETE /subscriptions/{subID}. Same root cause as the other NEF SBI findings: the route group is mounted without any inbound auth middleware. Unlike the OAM and traffic-influence groups, nnef-pfdmanagement IS declared in the runtime ServiceList, so this is the production-intended path that operators expect to be protected by OAuth2 setting receive from NRF: true -- and it is not. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.2.2.

CVSS v3
10.0
EG Score
10.0CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
76
EG Risk 76/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity100% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 10.0 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation40% × 40%
EchelonGraph's fixed weight for EG-KEV Tier 3 (Elevated): a constant, not a probability.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: The CVE record names the fixed release. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
0.3%
EPSS %ILE
21st
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (10.0): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 10.0 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
10.0 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.3% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-30). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track* at medium mission impactTrack at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.

The CVE record names the fixed release. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

May 27, 2026

Last Modified

October 14, 2026

Advisory Details (1)

Auto-updated Oct 29, 2026
🔬 Proof of concept available. Fix named in the CVE record. Sources: github.
GitHub advisoryMentions a patch (unverified)🟡 PoC Available

NEF nnef-pfdmanagement API is unauthenticated; forged bearer tokens can read PFD data and create/delete PFD subscriptions · Advisory · free5gc/free5gc · GitHub

https://github.com/free5gc/free5gc/security/advisories/GHSA-rwww-x45w-p52w

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-44330(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(1)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
gogithub.com/free5gc/nef—ghsa

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
Go(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
github.com/free5gc/nef—
  • every version through 1.2.3: no fix on record
  • every version on: no fix on record
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 22× in last 7d / 75× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 434 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 334 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-31 05:32 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-10-31 05:32 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rwww-x45w-p52w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  3. 2026-10-30 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  4. 2026-10-30 05:35 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-30 05:35 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rwww-x45w-p52w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  6. 2026-10-29 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  7. 2026-10-29 05:38 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-29 05:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rwww-x45w-p52w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  9. 2026-10-28 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  10. 2026-10-28 05:42 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-28 05:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rwww-x45w-p52w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  12. 2026-10-27 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  13. 2026-10-27 05:45 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-10-27 05:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rwww-x45w-p52w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  15. 2026-10-26 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  16. 2026-10-26 01:45 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-10-26 01:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rwww-x45w-p52w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  18. 2026-10-25 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  19. 2026-10-25 14:27 UTCEG score recompute
  20. 2026-10-25 01:46 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-25 01:46 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rwww-x45w-p52w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  22. 2026-10-24 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  23. 2026-10-24 01:50 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-10-24 01:50 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rwww-x45w-p52w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  25. 2026-10-23 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-10-23 01:53 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-10-23 01:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rwww-x45w-p52w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  3. 2026-10-22 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  4. 2026-10-22 01:54 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-22 01:54 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rwww-x45w-p52w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  6. 2026-10-21 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  7. 2026-10-21 01:57 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-21 01:57 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rwww-x45w-p52w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  9. 2026-10-20 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  10. 2026-10-20 02:00 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-20 02:00 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rwww-x45w-p52w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  12. 2026-10-19 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  13. 2026-10-19 01:10 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-10-19 01:10 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rwww-x45w-p52w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  15. 2026-10-18 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  16. 2026-10-18 03:39 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-10-18 01:12 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-18 01:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rwww-x45w-p52w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  19. 2026-10-17 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  20. 2026-10-17 01:15 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-17 01:15 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rwww-x45w-p52w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  22. 2026-10-16 16:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  23. 2026-10-16 01:18 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-10-16 01:17 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rwww-x45w-p52w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  25. 2026-10-15 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  26. 2026-10-14 20:27 UTCEG score recompute
  27. 2026-10-14 20:27 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rwww-x45w-p52w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  28. 2026-10-14 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  29. 2026-10-14 09:52 UTCEG score recompute
  30. 2026-10-14 09:52 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rwww-x45w-p52w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  31. 2026-10-13 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  32. 2026-10-13 07:48 UTCEG score recompute
  33. 2026-10-13 07:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rwww-x45w-p52w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  34. 2026-10-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  35. 2026-10-12 16:05 UTCEG score recompute
  36. 2026-10-12 07:50 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rwww-x45w-p52w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  37. 2026-10-11 19:47 UTCEG score recompute
  38. 2026-10-11 17:02 UTCEG score recompute
  39. 2026-10-11 14:27 UTCEG score recompute
  40. 2026-10-11 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  41. 2026-10-10 20:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  42. 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  43. 2026-10-08 17:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  44. 2026-10-07 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  45. 2026-10-06 15:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  46. 2026-10-05 17:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  47. 2026-10-04 23:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  48. 2026-10-03 16:49 UTCOSV refresh
  49. 2026-10-03 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  50. 2026-10-01 19:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  51. 2026-09-30 15:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  52. 2026-09-27 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  53. 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  54. 2026-09-23 17:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  55. 2026-09-20 20:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  56. 2026-09-18 19:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  57. 2026-09-17 19:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  58. 2026-09-16 14:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  59. 2026-09-16 05:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  60. 2026-09-14 07:37 UTCEG score recompute
  61. 2026-09-14 07:37 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rwww-x45w-p52w · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  62. 2026-09-13 16:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  63. 2026-09-13 03:09 UTCOSV refresh
  64. 2026-09-12 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  65. 2026-09-11 14:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  66. 2026-09-11 09:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  67. 2026-09-10 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  68. 2026-09-08 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  69. 2026-09-07 16:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  70. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  71. 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  72. 2026-09-02 14:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  73. 2026-09-01 13:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  74. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  75. 2026-08-30 01:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-44330?
CVE-2026-44330 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on May 27, 2026. free5GC is an open-source implementation of the 5G core network. Prior to 4.2.2, free5GC's NEF mounts the nnef-pfdmanagement route group without inbound OAuth2/bearer-token authorization. A network attacker who can reach NEF on the SBI can use a forged or arbitrary bearer token (e.g. Authorization:…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2026-44330 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2026-44330 was published on May 27, 2026. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 14, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-44330 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-44330 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.3% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (21st percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-44330?
CVE-2026-44330 has a CVSS v3 base score of 10.0 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-44330?
The CVE record for CVE-2026-44330 names the fix: "This vulnerability is fixed in 4.2.2." The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-44330 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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