CVE-2026-4177

CRITICALPre-NVD 9.19.1
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

Score 9.1 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2026-03-17. CISA-ADP (Vulnrichment) CVSS v3.1 baseline 9.1; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: CISA-ADP (Vulnrichment) CVSS v3.1, EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory
Trending — 4 sources updated this week
9.1EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.6%CVSS: 9.1Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

Fixed versions, as the CVE record's CNA (CPAN Security Group) states them: "Upgrade to version 1.37 or higher."

YAML::Syck versions through 1.36 for Perl has several potential security vulnerabilities including a high-severity heap buffer overflow in the YAML emitter.

The heap overflow occurs when class names exceed the initial 512-byte allocation.

The base64 decoder could read past the buffer end on trailing newlines.

strtok mutated n->type_id in place, corrupting shared node data.

A memory leak occurred in syck_hdlr_add_anchor when a node already had an anchor. The incoming anchor string 'a' was leaked on early return.

CVSS v3
9.1
EG Score
9.1CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
56
EG Risk 56/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity91% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.1 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.6% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
0.6%
EPSS %ILE
48th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.1): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.1 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.1 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.6% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-19). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

March 17, 2026

Last Modified

July 15, 2026

Advisory Details (8)

Auto-updated Sep 16, 2026
Patch available. Sources: redhat.
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6",

https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-4177.json
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

2448277 – (CVE-2026-4177) CVE-2026-4177 perl-YAML-Syck: YAML::Syck versions through 1.36 for Perl has several potential security vulnerabilities including a high-severity heap buffer overflow in the YAML emitter

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8

https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2448277
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

CVE-2026-4177 - Red Hat Customer Portal

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 or OpenShift Container Platform 4, is affected by this vulnerability and a fix may be released to a

https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-4177
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Extended Lifecycle Support.

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:8311
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:6470
Web page

oss-security - CVE-2026-4177: YAML::Syck versions through 1.36 for Perl has several potential security vulnerabilities including a high-severity heap buffer overflow in the YAML emitter

http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/03/16/6

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-4177(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(2)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
redhatperl-YAML-Syck-0:1.27-3.el7_9.12026-04-15redhat
redhatperl-YAML-Syck-0:1.30-6.el8_102026-04-02redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(5 across 5 ecosystems)
Alpine:v3.24(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
perl-yaml-syck—
  • every version up to 1.45-r0: fixed in 1.45-r0
—
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
libyaml-syck-perl1.34-1
  • every version up to 1.34-1+deb11u1: fixed in 1.34-1+deb11u1
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
libyaml-syck-perl1.34-2, 1.34-2+deb12u1
  • every version up to 1.34-2+deb12u2: fixed in 1.34-2+deb12u2
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
libyaml-syck-perl1.34-2, 1.34-2+deb13u1
  • every version up to 1.34-2+deb13u2: fixed in 1.34-2+deb13u2
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
libyaml-syck-perl1.34-2, 1.34-3, 1.34-4, 1.36-1
  • every version up to 1.36-2: fixed in 1.36-2
—

Weakness Classification(2)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

All Vendor Advisories

(2)

Every vendor that published an advisory referencing this CVE — pulled from our cve_vendor_advisories aggregation. Click any row for the vendor's original advisory page.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 26× in last 7d / 55× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 210 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 110 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-20 02:52 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-10-20 02:52 UTCVendor advisory
  3. 2026-10-20 02:52 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-72r6-p2x3-g9gj · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  4. 2026-10-19 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  5. 2026-10-19 00:58 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-19 00:58 UTCVendor advisory
  7. 2026-10-19 00:58 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-72r6-p2x3-g9gj · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  8. 2026-10-18 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  9. 2026-10-18 03:41 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-10-17 23:03 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-17 23:03 UTCVendor advisory
  12. 2026-10-17 23:02 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-72r6-p2x3-g9gj · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  13. 2026-10-17 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  14. 2026-10-16 21:10 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-16 21:10 UTCVendor advisory
  16. 2026-10-16 21:09 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-72r6-p2x3-g9gj · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  17. 2026-10-16 16:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  18. 2026-10-15 18:01 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-15 18:01 UTCVendor advisory
  20. 2026-10-15 18:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-72r6-p2x3-g9gj · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  21. 2026-10-15 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  22. 2026-10-14 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  23. 2026-10-14 11:51 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-10-14 11:51 UTCVendor advisory
  25. 2026-10-14 11:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-72r6-p2x3-g9gj · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-10-13 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  2. 2026-10-13 09:56 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-10-13 09:56 UTCVendor advisory
  4. 2026-10-13 09:56 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-72r6-p2x3-g9gj · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  5. 2026-10-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  6. 2026-10-12 16:08 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-12 08:01 UTCVendor advisory
  8. 2026-10-12 08:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-72r6-p2x3-g9gj · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  9. 2026-10-11 19:50 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-10-11 17:04 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-11 14:30 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-11 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  13. 2026-10-11 09:44 UTCOSV refresh
  14. 2026-10-10 20:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  15. 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  16. 2026-10-08 17:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  17. 2026-10-07 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  18. 2026-10-06 15:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  19. 2026-10-05 17:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  20. 2026-10-04 23:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  21. 2026-10-03 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  22. 2026-10-01 19:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  23. 2026-09-30 15:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  24. 2026-09-28 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  25. 2026-09-27 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  26. 2026-09-26 15:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  27. 2026-09-26 00:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  28. 2026-09-23 17:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  29. 2026-09-21 22:16 UTCOSV refresh
  30. 2026-09-20 20:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  31. 2026-09-18 19:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  32. 2026-09-16 14:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  33. 2026-09-16 05:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  34. 2026-09-13 16:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  35. 2026-09-11 14:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  36. 2026-09-10 09:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  37. 2026-09-08 22:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  38. 2026-09-07 16:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  39. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  40. 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  41. 2026-09-02 18:08 UTCOSV refresh
  42. 2026-09-02 14:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  43. 2026-09-01 13:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  44. 2026-09-01 04:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  45. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  46. 2026-08-30 01:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  47. 2026-08-28 21:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  48. 2026-08-27 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  49. 2026-08-26 14:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  50. 2026-08-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  51. 2026-08-23 00:19 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  52. 2026-08-21 23:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  53. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  54. 2026-08-19 17:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  55. 2026-08-18 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  56. 2026-08-17 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  57. 2026-08-16 14:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  58. 2026-08-16 11:22 UTCEG score recompute
  59. 2026-08-16 11:22 UTCVendor advisory
  60. 2026-08-16 11:22 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-72r6-p2x3-g9gj · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  61. 2026-08-16 02:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  62. 2026-08-15 01:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  63. 2026-08-15 00:19 UTCVendor advisory
  64. 2026-08-15 00:19 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-72r6-p2x3-g9gj · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  65. 2026-08-14 20:06 UTCVendor advisory
  66. 2026-08-14 20:06 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-72r6-p2x3-g9gj · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  67. 2026-08-14 15:54 UTCVendor advisory
  68. 2026-08-14 15:54 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-72r6-p2x3-g9gj · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  69. 2026-08-14 11:41 UTCVendor advisory
  70. 2026-08-14 11:41 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-72r6-p2x3-g9gj · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  71. 2026-08-14 07:29 UTCEG score recompute
  72. 2026-08-14 07:29 UTCVendor advisory
  73. 2026-08-14 07:29 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-72r6-p2x3-g9gj · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  74. 2026-08-13 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  75. 2026-08-13 02:28 UTCVendor advisory

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-4177?
CVE-2026-4177 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on March 17, 2026. YAML::Syck versions through 1.36 for Perl has several potential security vulnerabilities including a high-severity heap buffer overflow in the YAML emitter. The heap overflow occurs when class names exceed the initial 512-byte allocation. The base64 decoder could read past the buffer end on…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2026-4177 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2026-4177 was published on March 17, 2026. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of July 15, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-4177 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-4177 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.6% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (48th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-4177?
CVE-2026-4177 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.1 (CISA-ADP / Vulnrichment enrichment; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-4177?
A fix for CVE-2026-4177 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. Fixed versions, as the CVE record's CNA (CPAN Security Group) states them: "Upgrade to version 1.37 or higher." The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-4177 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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