CVE-2026-28224

HIGHNVD 8.28.2—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This high-severity CVE scores 8.2 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.6%, top 30% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, nvd
Elevated
8.2
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS: 0%CVSS: 8.2Exploit: NoneExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

Firebird is an open-source relational database management system. In versions prior to 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14, when the server receives an op_crypt_key_callback packet without prior authentication, the port_server_crypt_callback handler is not initialized, resulting in a null pointer dereference and server crash. An unauthenticated attacker who knows only the server's IP and port can exploit this to crash the server. This issue has been fixed in versions 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14.

CVSS v3
8.2
EG Score
8.2(medium)
EPSS
37.3%
KEV
Not listed

Published

April 17, 2026

Last Modified

April 24, 2026

Advisory Details (4)

Auto-updated May 4, 2026
🔬 Proof of concept available. Patch available. Sources: github.
github Patch Available🟡 PoC Available

CryptCallback DOS · Advisory · FirebirdSQL/firebird · GitHub

https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/security/advisories/GHSA-xrcw-wpjx-pr95
generic

Release v5.0.4 · FirebirdSQL/firebird · GitHub

https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/tag/v5.0.4
generic

Release Firebird 4.0.7 · FirebirdSQL/firebird · GitHub

https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/tag/v4.0.7
generic

Release Firebird 3.0.14 · FirebirdSQL/firebird · GitHub

https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/tag/v3.0.14

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 11× in last 7d / 45× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 102 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-07-16 17:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-07-16 17:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-07-15 02:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-07-15 02:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-07-13 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-07-13 06:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-07-13 06:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-07-12 05:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-07-11 08:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-07-09 19:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-07-08 15:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-07-07 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-07-06 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-07-06 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-07-06 02:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-07-06 02:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-07-05 02:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-07-04 06:31 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-07-01 15:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-07-01 15:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-06-30 23:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-06-30 23:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-06-29 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-06-28 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-06-28 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-06-28 04:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-06-28 04:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-06-27 03:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-06-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-06-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-06-24 14:05 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-06-24 14:05 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-06-23 21:33 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-06-23 21:32 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-06-22 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-06-22 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-06-21 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-06-21 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-06-21 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-06-21 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-06-19 19:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-06-19 19:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-06-18 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-06-17 17:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-06-17 17:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-06-16 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-06-15 17:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-06-14 23:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  26. 2026-06-13 23:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-06-12 23:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  28. 2026-06-12 23:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  29. 2026-06-11 14:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  30. 2026-06-10 22:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  31. 2026-06-10 22:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  32. 2026-06-10 13:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  33. 2026-06-08 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  34. 2026-06-08 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  35. 2026-06-07 15:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  36. 2026-06-07 15:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  37. 2026-06-07 15:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  38. 2026-06-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  39. 2026-06-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  40. 2026-06-05 22:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  41. 2026-06-05 22:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  42. 2026-06-05 06:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  43. 2026-06-05 06:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  44. 2026-06-04 13:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  45. 2026-06-04 13:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  46. 2026-06-02 20:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  47. 2026-06-02 20:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  48. 2026-06-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  49. 2026-06-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  50. 2026-05-31 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  51. 2026-05-31 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  52. 2026-05-31 00:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  53. 2026-05-31 00:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  54. 2026-05-29 13:44 UTCEPSS rescore
  55. 2026-05-29 13:44 UTCEPSS rescore
  56. 2026-05-28 13:44 UTCEPSS rescore
  57. 2026-05-28 13:44 UTCEPSS rescore
  58. 2026-05-28 13:44 UTCEPSS rescore
  59. 2026-05-27 13:40 UTCEPSS rescore
  60. 2026-05-27 13:40 UTCEPSS rescore
  61. 2026-05-27 13:40 UTCEPSS rescore
  62. 2026-05-26 13:44 UTCEPSS rescore
  63. 2026-05-26 13:44 UTCEPSS rescore
  64. 2026-05-26 07:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  65. 2026-05-26 07:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  66. 2026-05-26 07:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  67. 2026-05-24 16:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  68. 2026-05-23 15:21 UTCEPSS rescore
  69. 2026-05-22 21:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  70. 2026-05-20 22:38 UTCEPSS rescore
  71. 2026-05-20 22:38 UTCEPSS rescore
  72. 2026-05-20 22:37 UTCEPSS rescore
  73. 2026-05-20 16:53 UTCEG score recompute
  74. 2026-05-20 11:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  75. 2026-05-20 11:22 UTCEPSS rescore

Related CVEs(same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-28224?
CVE-2026-28224 is a high vulnerability published on April 17, 2026. Firebird is an open-source relational database management system. In versions prior to 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14, when the server receives an opcryptkeycallback packet without prior authentication, the portservercryptcallback handler is not initialized, resulting in a null pointer dereference and…
When was CVE-2026-28224 disclosed?
CVE-2026-28224 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on April 17, 2026, with the most recent update on April 24, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2026-28224 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-28224 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 37.3% percentile likelihood of exploitation in the next 30 days — higher percentiles indicate greater predicted risk.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-28224?
CVE-2026-28224 has a CVSS v3 base score of 8.2 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-28224?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2026-28224, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

Explore the affected products and dependency analysis for CVE-2026-28224

Explore →

Is Your Infrastructure Affected by CVE-2026-28224?

EchelonGraph automatically scans your cloud infrastructure and maps CVE exposure using blast radius analysis.

Start Free Scan →Browse All CVEs