CVE-2025-58446

HIGHNVD 7.57.5
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

This high-severity CVE scores 7.5 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.6% (48th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). No GitHub Security Advisory CVSS is on record for this CVE.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from NVD CVSS v3
Sources: EPSS, NVD CVSS v3
Elevated
7.5EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • CISA's Vulnrichment rates exploitation as PoC; EchelonGraph holds no exploit-code reference for it
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.6%CVSS: 7.5Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

xgrammar is an open-source library for efficient, flexible, and portable structured generation. A grammar optimizer introduced in 0.1.23 processes large grammars (>100k characters) at very low rates, and can be used for DOS of model providers. This issue is fixed in version 0.1.24.

CVSS v3
7.5
EG Score
7.5HIGHmedium confidence
EG Risk
65
EG Risk 65/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity75% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 7.5 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation40% × 40%
EchelonGraph's fixed weight for EG-KEV Tier 3 (Elevated): a constant, not a probability.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
0.6%
EPSS %ILE
48th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (7.5): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 7.5 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
7.5 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.NVD CVSS v3 · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
EG Likelihood
0.6% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-17). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

September 6, 2025

Last Modified

September 18, 2025

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Oct 18, 2026
🔬 Proof of concept available. Patch available. Sources: github, github_commit.
GitHub advisoryMentions a patch (unverified)🟡 PoC Available

Denial of service by huge enum grammar · Advisory · mlc-ai/xgrammar · GitHub

https://github.com/mlc-ai/xgrammar/security/advisories/GHSA-9q5r-wfvf-rr7f
GitHub commit Patch Available

commit ced69c3ad2f8 (mlc-ai/xgrammar)

Patch available: mlc-ai/xgrammar v0.1.23 (contains commit ced69c3ad2f8)

https://github.com/mlc-ai/xgrammar/commit/ced69c3ad2f8f61b516cc278a342e7c644383e27

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
PyPI(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
xgrammar0.1.23
  • 0.1.23 up to 0.1.24: fixed in 0.1.24
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 8× in last 7d / 32× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 94 of 180 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 6 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 86 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-19 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  2. 2026-10-18 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  3. 2026-10-18 05:23 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-17 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  5. 2026-10-16 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  6. 2026-10-15 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  7. 2026-10-14 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  8. 2026-10-13 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  9. 2026-10-12 16:54 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-10-12 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  11. 2026-10-11 20:28 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-11 18:40 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-10-11 15:15 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-10-11 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  15. 2026-10-10 19:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  16. 2026-10-09 20:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  17. 2026-10-08 17:10 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  18. 2026-10-07 23:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  19. 2026-10-06 15:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  20. 2026-10-05 17:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  21. 2026-10-04 23:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  22. 2026-10-03 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  23. 2026-10-02 05:40 UTCOSV refresh
  24. 2026-10-01 19:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  25. 2026-09-30 15:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
Show 69 more
  1. 2026-09-28 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  2. 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  3. 2026-09-26 00:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  4. 2026-09-24 14:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  5. 2026-09-23 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 44th percentile
  6. 2026-09-21 21:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  7. 2026-09-20 20:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 44th percentile
  8. 2026-09-19 15:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 44th percentile
  9. 2026-09-18 19:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 44th percentile
  10. 2026-09-17 19:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  11. 2026-09-16 14:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  12. 2026-09-16 05:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  13. 2026-09-13 16:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  14. 2026-09-13 01:39 UTCOSV refresh
  15. 2026-09-12 15:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  16. 2026-09-11 14:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  17. 2026-09-11 09:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  18. 2026-09-10 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  19. 2026-09-08 21:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  20. 2026-09-07 16:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  21. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  22. 2026-09-05 15:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  23. 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  24. 2026-09-02 14:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  25. 2026-09-01 13:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  26. 2026-09-01 04:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  27. 2026-08-30 19:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  28. 2026-08-30 01:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  29. 2026-08-28 21:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  30. 2026-08-27 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  31. 2026-08-26 14:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  32. 2026-08-25 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  33. 2026-08-25 04:26 UTCOSV refresh
  34. 2026-08-24 14:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  35. 2026-08-24 09:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  36. 2026-08-23 00:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  37. 2026-08-21 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  38. 2026-08-20 22:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  39. 2026-08-19 17:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  40. 2026-08-18 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  41. 2026-08-17 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  42. 2026-08-16 14:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  43. 2026-08-16 02:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  44. 2026-08-15 01:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  45. 2026-08-13 21:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  46. 2026-08-12 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  47. 2026-08-11 13:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  48. 2026-08-10 23:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  49. 2026-08-09 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  50. 2026-08-08 21:55 UTCOSV refresh
  51. 2026-08-08 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  52. 2026-08-07 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  53. 2026-08-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  54. 2026-08-05 19:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  55. 2026-08-04 15:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  56. 2026-08-04 10:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  57. 2026-08-03 10:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  58. 2026-08-02 02:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  59. 2026-08-01 04:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  60. 2026-07-30 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  61. 2026-07-30 01:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  62. 2026-07-28 15:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  63. 2026-07-26 14:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  64. 2026-07-25 14:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  65. 2026-07-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  66. 2026-07-23 21:11 UTCOSV refresh
  67. 2026-07-23 14:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  68. 2026-07-23 02:59 UTCEG score recompute
  69. 2026-07-22 14:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile

Related CVEs(same product + same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-58446?
CVE-2025-58446 is a high-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on September 6, 2025. xgrammar is an open-source library for efficient, flexible, and portable structured generation. A grammar optimizer introduced in 0.1.23 processes large grammars (>100k characters) at very low rates, and can be used for DOS of model providers. This issue is fixed in version 0.1.24.
When was the CVE record for CVE-2025-58446 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2025-58446 was published on September 6, 2025. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of September 18, 2025; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2025-58446 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-58446 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.6% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (48th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-58446?
CVE-2025-58446 has a CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-58446?
A fix for CVE-2025-58446 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory.

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