Netty is an asynchronous event-driven network application framework for development of maintainable high performance protocol servers and clients. In versions 4.1.124.Final, and 4.2.0.Alpha3 through 4.2.4.Final, Netty incorrectly accepts standalone newline characters (LF) as a chunk-size line terminator, regardless of a preceding carriage return (CR), instead of requiring CRLF per HTTP/1.1 standards. When combined with reverse proxies that parse LF differently (treating it as part of the chunk extension), attackers can craft requests that the proxy sees as one request but Netty processes as two, enabling request smuggling attacks. This is fixed in versions 4.1.125.Final and 4.2.5.Final.
CVE-2025-58056
“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.
This high-severity CVE scores 7.5 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.7% (53rd percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). No GitHub Security Advisory CVSS is on record for this CVE.
- High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
A fix is available — apply it.
- CVSS v3
- 7.5
- EG Score
- 7.5HIGHmedium confidence
- EG Risk
- 34EG Risk 34/100
EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.
How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)Severity75% × 45%Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 7.5 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.Exploitation0.7% × 40%FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.Automatability0% × 15%CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at every mission impact level.Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines. - EPSS PROB
- 0.7%
- EPSS %ILE
- 53rd
- KEV
- Not listed
What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)
The EG score (7.5): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 7.5 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.
- EG Severity
- 7.5 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.NVD CVSS v3 · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
- EG Likelihood
- 0.7% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-21). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
- Confirmed exploitation
- None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
- EG Priority
- SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at every mission impact level.CISA BOD 26-04: 60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at every mission impact level.
A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table
BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.
In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it
Published
September 3, 2025
Last Modified
October 19, 2026
Advisory Details (7)
Auto-updated Oct 18, 2026Funky chunks: abusing ambiguous chunk line terminators for request smuggling | w4ke.info
https://w4ke.info/2025/06/18/funky-chunks.htmlRequest smuggling due to incorrect parsing of chunk extensions · Advisory · netty/netty · GitHub
https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-fghv-69vj-qj49Merge commit from fork
Patch available: netty/netty netty-4.2.11.Final (PR #15611 merged 2025-09-03)
https://github.com/netty/netty/pull/156110-Day Request Smuggling Vulnerability in Netty · Issue #15522 · netty/netty · GitHub
https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/15522commit edb55fd8e0a3 (netty/netty)
Patch available: netty/netty netty-4.2.11.Final (contains commit edb55fd8e0a3)
https://github.com/netty/netty/commit/edb55fd8e0a3bcbd85881e423464f585183d1284Funky chunks: abusing ambiguous chunk line terminators for request smuggling · Issue #1 · JLLeitschuh/unCVEed · GitHub
https://github.com/JLLeitschuh/unCVEed/issues/1RFC 9112 - HTTP/1.1
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9112#name-chunked-transfer-codingVendor Advisories for CVE-2025-58056(9)
These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.
- RHSA-2026:34608Red Hat Product SecurityHigh
Red Hat Security Advisory: Streams for Apache Kafka 2.9.4 release and security update
- RHSA-2025:23417Red Hat Product SecurityHigh
Red Hat Security Advisory: Streams for Apache Kafka 3.1.0 release and security update
- RHSA-2025:21148Red Hat Product SecurityMedium
Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat build of Cryostat 4.1.0: new RHEL 9 container image security update
- RHSA-2025:18028Red Hat Product SecurityHigh
Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Build of Apache Camel 4.10.7 for Spring Boot release.
- RHSA-2025:17567Red Hat Product SecurityHigh
Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat AMQ Broker 7.13.2 release and security update
- RHSA-2025:17317Red Hat Product SecurityHigh
Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.0.9 security update
- RHSA-2025:17318Red Hat Product SecurityHigh
Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.0.9 security update
- RHSA-2025:17298Red Hat Product SecurityHigh
Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1.0 security update
- +1 more
Patch Availability(6)
| Vendor / Ecosystem | Fix (by version range) / Patch | Released | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| ubuntu | libnetty-java (1:4.1.48-10ubuntu0.25.10.2) @ questing | 2026-10-22 | ubuntu |
| redhat | netty-codec-http2 | 2026-07-02 | redhat |
| redhat | netty-codec-http | 2026-02-23 | redhat |
| redhat | cryostat/jfr-datasource-rhel9:4.1.0-11 | 2025-11-25 | redhat |
| redhat | io.netty/netty-codec-http:4.1.127.Final-redhat-00001 | 2025-10-14 | redhat |
| redhat | eap8-xml-security-0:3.0.5-1.redhat_00001.1.el9eap | 2025-10-02 | redhat |
Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.
Affected Packages
(5 across 5 ecosystems)
Debian:11(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| netty | 1:4.1.48-4, 1:4.1.48-4+deb11u1, 1:4.1.48-4+deb11u2 |
| — |
Debian:12(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| netty | 1:4.1.48-7, 1:4.1.48-7+deb12u1 |
| — |
Debian:13(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| netty | 1:4.1.48-10 |
| — |
Debian:14(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| netty | 1:4.1.48-10, 1:4.1.48-11, 1:4.1.48-12 |
| — |
Maven(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| io.netty:netty-codec-http | 4.2.0.Alpha1 ... 4.2.4.Final (15 versions) |
| — |
Weakness Classification(1)
MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.
Additional Vendor Advisories
(5)
Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.
- Red HatRHSA-2025:17187MODERATE2025-09-03
RHSA-2025:17187 — Moderate
- Red HatRHSA-2025:17563MODERATE2025-09-03
RHSA-2025:17563 — Moderate
- Red HatRHSA-2025:18076MODERATE2025-09-03
RHSA-2025:18076 — Moderate
- Red HatRHSA-2026:3102MODERATE2025-09-03
RHSA-2026:3102 — Moderate
- UbuntuUSN-7918-1LOW
Netty vulnerabilities
Data Freshness Timeline
(refreshed 13× in last 7d / 38× in last 30d)
Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.
Showing the most recent 94 of 191 refreshes on record for this CVE.
A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 6 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 97 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.
- 2026-10-23 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
- 2026-10-22 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
- 2026-10-22 11:32 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-22 11:32 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-21 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
- 2026-10-20 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
- 2026-10-19 17:30 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-19 17:30 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-19 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
- 2026-10-18 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
- 2026-10-18 13:13 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-18 05:24 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-17 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
- 2026-10-16 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
- 2026-10-15 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
- 2026-10-14 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
- 2026-10-13 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-10-12 16:54 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-12 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-10-11 20:28 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-11 18:40 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-11 15:15 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-11 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-10-10 19:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-10-09 20:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
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- 2026-10-08 17:10 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-10-07 23:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-10-06 15:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-10-05 17:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-10-04 23:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-10-03 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-10-02 00:41 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-10-01 19:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-09-30 15:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-09-28 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-09-26 00:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-09-24 14:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-09-23 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-09-21 21:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-09-20 20:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-09-19 15:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-09-18 19:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-09-17 19:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-09-16 14:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-09-16 05:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-09-13 16:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-09-12 18:00 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-09-12 15:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-09-11 14:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-09-11 09:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-09-10 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-09-08 21:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
- 2026-09-07 16:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
- 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
- 2026-09-05 15:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
- 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
- 2026-09-02 14:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
- 2026-09-01 13:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
- 2026-09-01 04:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
- 2026-08-30 19:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
- 2026-08-30 01:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
- 2026-08-28 21:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
- 2026-08-27 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
- 2026-08-26 14:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
- 2026-08-25 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
- 2026-08-24 23:14 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-08-24 14:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
- 2026-08-24 09:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
- 2026-08-23 00:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
- 2026-08-21 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
- 2026-08-20 22:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
- 2026-08-19 17:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
- 2026-08-18 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
- 2026-08-17 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
- 2026-08-16 14:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
- 2026-08-16 02:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
- 2026-08-15 01:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
- 2026-08-13 21:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
- 2026-08-12 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 49th percentile
- 2026-08-11 13:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 48th percentile
- 2026-08-10 23:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 48th percentile
- 2026-08-09 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 48th percentile
- 2026-08-08 16:49 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-08-08 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 48th percentile
- 2026-08-07 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 48th percentile
- 2026-08-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 48th percentile
- 2026-08-05 19:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 48th percentile
- 2026-08-04 15:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 48th percentile
- 2026-08-04 10:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
- 2026-08-03 10:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
- 2026-08-02 02:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
- 2026-08-01 04:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
- 2026-07-30 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
Related CVEs(same product + same vendor + same CWE)
Same product
10 shownMaven:io.netty:netty-codec-http
Same vendor
10 shownredhat:RHSA-2025:17298 · redhat:RHSA-2025:17187 · redhat:RHSA-2025:17299
Same CWE
10 shownCWE-444
Frequently asked(5)
What is CVE-2025-58056?
When was the CVE record for CVE-2025-58056 published?
Is CVE-2025-58056 actively exploited?
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-58056?
How do I remediate CVE-2025-58056?
Dependency Blast Radius
See which npm, PyPI, Go, and Maven packages are affected by CVE-2025-58056
Is Your Infrastructure Affected by CVE-2025-58056?
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