CVE-2025-21863

HIGHNVD 7.87.8
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score 7.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2025-03-12. NVD baseline CVSS 7.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 4 sources updated this week
7.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.3%CVSS: 7.8Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

io_uring: prevent opcode speculation

sqe->opcode is used for different tables, make sure we santitise it against speculations.

CVSS v3
7.8
EG Score
7.8HIGHmedium confidence
EG Risk
35
EG Risk 35/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity78% × 45%
The EG Score, 7.8 of 10.
Exploitation0.2% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.3%
EPSS %ILE
15th
KEV
Not listed

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

March 12, 2025

Last Modified

October 15, 2026

Advisory Details (6)

Auto-updated Jun 6, 2026
Patch available.
Web page

io_uring: prevent opcode speculation - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fdbfd52bd8b85ed6783365ff54c82ab7067bd61b
Web page

io_uring: prevent opcode speculation - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d261ead565a080e3411b0dd04e6d58a52471cac8
Web page

io_uring: prevent opcode speculation - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b9826e3b26ec031e9063f64a7c735449c43955e4
Web page

io_uring: prevent opcode speculation - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/506b9b5e8c2d2a411ea8fe361333f5081c56d23a
Web page

io_uring: prevent opcode speculation - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1e988c3fe1264708f4f92109203ac5b1d65de50b
Web page

io_uring: prevent opcode speculation - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/18eae8420081ef8e043ad455937bfb470ef08607

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-21863(5)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(13)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntulinux-virtual-6.8 (6.8.0-78.78) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-aws (6.11.0-1014.15) @ oracular2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oracle-64k (6.11.0-1016.17) @ oracular2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-ibm-lts-24.04 (6.8.0-1033.33) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-raspi-realtime-6.8 (6.8.0-2028.29) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-nvidia-lts-24.04 (6.8.0-1022.23) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-raspi-6.8 (6.8.0-1035.39) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-24.04-edge (6.11.0-26.26) @ oracular2026-05-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oracle-lts-24.04 (6.8.0-1032.33) @ noble2026-05-30ubuntu
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-570.84.1.el9_62026-02-02redhat
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_72025-11-11redhat
redhatkernel-0:6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_12025-11-11redhat
linuxKernel @ 5.10.259 (fixes >=5.6.0)—osv

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(5 across 4 ecosystems)
Debian:11(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux5.10.103-1 ... 5.10.92-2 (54 versions)
  • every version up to 5.10.259-1: fixed in 5.10.259-1
—
linux-6.16.1.106-3~deb11u1 ... 6.1.174-1~deb11u1 (20 versions)
  • every version up to 6.1.176-1~deb11u1: fixed in 6.1.176-1~deb11u1
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.1.106-1 ... 6.1.99-1 (53 versions)
  • every version up to 6.1.176-1: fixed in 6.1.176-1
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux—
  • every version up to 6.12.17-1: fixed in 6.12.17-1
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux—
  • every version up to 6.12.17-1: fixed in 6.12.17-1
—

Additional Vendor Advisories

(9)

Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 16× in last 7d / 35× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 95 of 179 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 5 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 84 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-15 02:40 UTCVendor advisory
  2. 2026-10-15 02:39 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-qj2f-x8m5-rrr3 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  3. 2026-10-15 01:44 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-15 01:44 UTCVendor advisory
  5. 2026-10-15 01:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-qj2f-x8m5-rrr3 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  6. 2026-10-14 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 15th percentile
  7. 2026-10-13 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 15th percentile
  8. 2026-10-12 17:19 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-12 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 15th percentile
  10. 2026-10-11 20:51 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-11 19:01 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-11 15:41 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-10-11 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 15th percentile
  14. 2026-10-10 19:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 15th percentile
  15. 2026-10-09 20:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 15th percentile
  16. 2026-10-08 17:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 15th percentile
  17. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 15th percentile
  18. 2026-10-06 15:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 15th percentile
  19. 2026-10-05 17:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 14th percentile
  20. 2026-10-04 23:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  21. 2026-10-03 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  22. 2026-10-02 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  23. 2026-10-01 19:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  24. 2026-09-30 15:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  25. 2026-09-28 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
Show 70 more
  1. 2026-09-28 02:02 UTCOSV refresh
  2. 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  3. 2026-09-26 00:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  4. 2026-09-24 14:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  5. 2026-09-23 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  6. 2026-09-22 14:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  7. 2026-09-20 20:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  8. 2026-09-18 19:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  9. 2026-09-16 14:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  10. 2026-09-16 05:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  11. 2026-09-15 03:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  12. 2026-09-13 16:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  13. 2026-09-12 15:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  14. 2026-09-11 14:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  15. 2026-09-11 09:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  16. 2026-09-10 09:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  17. 2026-09-08 21:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  18. 2026-09-08 09:49 UTCVendor advisory
  19. 2026-09-08 09:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-qj2f-x8m5-rrr3 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  20. 2026-09-08 08:54 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-09-08 08:54 UTCVendor advisory
  22. 2026-09-08 08:54 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-qj2f-x8m5-rrr3 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  23. 2026-09-07 16:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  24. 2026-09-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  25. 2026-09-05 15:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  26. 2026-09-04 05:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  27. 2026-09-02 14:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  28. 2026-09-01 13:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  29. 2026-09-01 04:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  30. 2026-08-30 19:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  31. 2026-08-30 01:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  32. 2026-08-28 21:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  33. 2026-08-27 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  34. 2026-08-25 19:10 UTCOSV refresh
  35. 2026-08-25 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  36. 2026-08-23 00:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  37. 2026-08-21 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  38. 2026-08-20 22:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  39. 2026-08-19 17:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  40. 2026-08-18 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  41. 2026-08-17 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  42. 2026-08-16 14:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  43. 2026-08-16 02:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  44. 2026-08-15 01:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  45. 2026-08-13 21:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  46. 2026-08-12 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  47. 2026-08-10 23:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  48. 2026-08-09 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  49. 2026-08-09 11:07 UTCOSV refresh
  50. 2026-08-07 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  51. 2026-08-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  52. 2026-08-05 19:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  53. 2026-08-04 15:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  54. 2026-08-04 10:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  55. 2026-08-03 10:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  56. 2026-08-02 02:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  57. 2026-08-01 04:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  58. 2026-07-30 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  59. 2026-07-30 01:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  60. 2026-07-28 15:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  61. 2026-07-27 14:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  62. 2026-07-26 14:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  63. 2026-07-25 14:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  64. 2026-07-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  65. 2026-07-24 12:11 UTCOSV refresh
  66. 2026-07-23 14:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  67. 2026-07-23 02:50 UTCEG score recompute
  68. 2026-07-22 14:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  69. 2026-07-21 15:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  70. 2026-07-20 17:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile

Related CVEs(same vendor)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-21863?
CVE-2025-21863 is a high-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on March 12, 2025. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: io_uring: prevent opcode speculation sqe->opcode is used for different tables, make sure we santitise it against speculations.
When was the CVE record for CVE-2025-21863 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2025-21863 was published on March 12, 2025. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 15, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2025-21863 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-21863 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.3% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (15th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-21863?
CVE-2025-21863 has a CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-21863?
A fix for CVE-2025-21863 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2025-21863 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

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