CVE-2023-37462

CRITICALNVD 9.99.9
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

This critical-severity CVE scores 9.9 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 92% (99th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). No GitHub Security Advisory CVSS is on record for this CVE.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from NVD CVSS v3
Sources: EPSS, NVD CVSS v3
Weaponized
9.9EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High exploitation likelihood — EPSS 92%
  • CISA's Vulnrichment rates exploitation as PoC; EchelonGraph holds no exploit-code reference for it
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 92%CVSS: 9.9Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

XWiki Platform is a generic wiki platform offering runtime services for applications built on top of it. Improper escaping in the document SkinsCode.XWikiSkinsSheet leads to an injection vector from view right on that document to programming rights, or in other words, it is possible to execute arbitrary script macros including Groovy and Python macros that allow remote code execution including unrestricted read and write access to all wiki contents. The attack works by opening a non-existing page with a name crafted to contain a dangerous payload. It is possible to check if an existing installation is vulnerable. See the linked GHSA for instructions on testing an installation. This issue has been patched in XWiki 14.4.8, 14.10.4 and 15.0-rc-1. Users are advised to upgrade. The fix commit d9c88ddc can also be applied manually to the impacted document SkinsCode.XWikiSkinsSheet and users unable to upgrade are advised to manually patch their installations.

CVSS v3
9.9
EG Score
9.9CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
81
EG Risk 81/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity99% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.9 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation92% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
92%
EPSS %ILE
99th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.9): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.9 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.9 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.NVD CVSS v3 · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
EG Likelihood
92% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-22). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track* at medium mission impactTrack at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

July 14, 2023

Last Modified

November 21, 2024

Advisory Details (3)

Auto-updated Oct 20, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github_commit, github.
Web page

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https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-20457
GitHub advisoryMentions a patch (unverified)

Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection') in org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-skin-ui · Advisory · xwiki/xwiki-platform · GitHub

https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/security/advisories/GHSA-h4vp-69r8-gvjg
GitHub commit Patch Available

commit d9c88ddc4c0c (xwiki/xwiki-platform)

Patch available: xwiki/xwiki-platform xwiki-platform-18.2.1 (contains commit d9c88ddc4c0c)

https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/commit/d9c88ddc4c0c78fa534bd33237e95dea66003d29

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
Maven(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-skin-ui—
  • 7.0-rc-1 up to 14.4.8: fixed in 14.4.8
  • 14.5 up to 14.10.4: fixed in 14.10.4
—

Weakness Classification(2)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 11× in last 7d / 24× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 21 repeat rows among the latest 96 are merged into the row they repeat.

  1. 2026-10-23 11:50 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-10-22 13:40 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-10-21 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
  4. 2026-10-20 17:19 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-19 19:15 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-19 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
  7. 2026-10-18 21:10 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-18 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
  9. 2026-10-18 07:56 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-10-17 22:29 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-17 00:25 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-15 23:55 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-10-14 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
  14. 2026-10-14 15:52 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-13 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
  16. 2026-10-12 16:57 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-10-12 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
  18. 2026-10-11 21:49 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-11 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
  20. 2026-10-09 20:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
  21. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
  22. 2026-09-30 16:27 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-09-27 13:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
  24. 2026-09-24 14:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
  25. 2026-09-23 04:50 UTCOSV refresh
Show 50 more
  1. 2026-09-22 14:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
  2. 2026-09-16 14:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
  3. 2026-09-12 14:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 92% · 99th percentile
  4. 2026-09-06 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 91% · 99th percentile
  5. 2026-09-05 15:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 91% · 99th percentile
  6. 2026-09-03 23:29 UTCOSV refresh
  7. 2026-09-02 14:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 91% · 99th percentile
  8. 2026-09-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 91% · 99th percentile
  9. 2026-08-30 19:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 91% · 99th percentile
  10. 2026-08-28 21:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 91% · 99th percentile
  11. 2026-08-27 14:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 91% · 99th percentile
  12. 2026-08-24 14:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 91% · 99th percentile
  13. 2026-08-17 12:40 UTCOSV refresh
  14. 2026-08-15 01:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 91% · 99th percentile
  15. 2026-08-12 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 91% · 99th percentile
  16. 2026-08-08 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 91% · 99th percentile
  17. 2026-08-05 19:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 91% · 99th percentile
  18. 2026-08-02 07:15 UTCOSV refresh
  19. 2026-08-02 02:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 91% · 99th percentile
  20. 2026-07-30 01:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 91% · 99th percentile
  21. 2026-07-24 14:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 91% · 99th percentile
  22. 2026-07-23 02:24 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-07-22 23:11 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-07-22 14:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 91% · 99th percentile
  25. 2026-07-15 16:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 91% · 99th percentile
  26. 2026-07-15 15:19 UTCOSV refresh
  27. 2026-07-08 15:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 91% · 99th percentile
  28. 2026-07-06 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 91% · 99th percentile
  29. 2026-07-05 02:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 91% · 99th percentile
  30. 2026-07-01 15:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 91% · 99th percentile
  31. 2026-06-29 14:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 91% · 99th percentile
  32. 2026-06-28 04:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 91% · 99th percentile
  33. 2026-06-27 15:34 UTCOSV refresh
  34. 2026-06-24 14:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 91% · 99th percentile
  35. 2026-06-23 21:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 91% · 99th percentile
  36. 2026-06-17 17:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 91% · 99th percentile
  37. 2026-06-15 17:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 91% · 99th percentile
  38. 2026-06-13 22:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 90% · 99th percentile
  39. 2026-06-12 23:10 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 90% · 99th percentile
  40. 2026-06-10 22:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 90% · 99th percentile
  41. 2026-06-10 02:17 UTCOSV refresh
  42. 2026-06-07 15:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 90% · 99th percentile
  43. 2026-06-05 22:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 90% · 99th percentile
  44. 2026-06-02 20:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 90% · 99th percentile
  45. 2026-05-31 00:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 90% · 99th percentile
  46. 2026-05-28 13:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 90% · 99th percentile
  47. 2026-05-26 13:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 90% · 99th percentile
  48. 2026-05-26 07:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 90% · 99th percentile
  49. 2026-05-24 21:10 UTCEG score recompute
  50. 2026-05-24 16:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 90% · 99th percentile

Public detection templates

(1 reference)

A public Nuclei detection template is referenced for this CVE. A detection template checks whether a system is affected; it is not necessarily exploit code.

  • Nucleihttp/cves/2023/CVE-2023-37462.yaml
    Published Jul 24, 2023

    XWiki Platform - Remote Code Execution

    Open source ↗

Related CVEs(same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2023-37462?
CVE-2023-37462 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on July 14, 2023. XWiki Platform is a generic wiki platform offering runtime services for applications built on top of it. Improper escaping in the document SkinsCode.XWikiSkinsSheet leads to an injection vector from view right on that document to programming rights, or in other words, it is possible to execute…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2023-37462 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2023-37462 was published on July 14, 2023. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of November 21, 2024; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2023-37462 actively exploited?
CVE-2023-37462 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. EchelonGraph's EG-KEV model places it in Tier 2 (Weaponized), which is not evidence of exploitation: CISA's SSVC data says a public PoC exists and its EPSS is 50% or more. EchelonGraph does not test whether exploit code works. FIRST EPSS estimates a 92% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (99th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-37462?
CVE-2023-37462 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.9 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2023-37462?
A fix for CVE-2023-37462 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory.

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