CVE-2026-5194

CRITICALNVD 9.19.1
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score 9.1 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2026-04-09. NVD baseline CVSS 9.1; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 3 sources updated this week

Also known asEUVD-2026-21070 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-f5h9-5q52-qrx7 (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.1EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.6%CVSS: 9.1Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

Missing hash/digest size and OID checks allow digests smaller than allowed when verifying ECDSA certificates, or smaller than is appropriate for the relevant key type, to be accepted by signature verification functions. This could lead to reduced security of ECDSA certificate-based authentication if the public CA key used is also known. This affects ECDSA/ECC verification when EdDSA or ML-DSA is also enabled.

CVSS v3
9.1
EG Score
9.1CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
41
EG Risk 41/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity91% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.1 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.6% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.6%
EPSS %ILE
47th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.1): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.1 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.1 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.6% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-28). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

April 9, 2026

Last Modified

May 23, 2026

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Aug 1, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github_pr.
Web page

Project Glasswing: An initial update \ Anthropic

https://www.anthropic.com/research/glasswing-initial-update
GitHub pull request

20260403-WC_FIPS_186

Fix merged in wolfSSL/wolfssl PR #10131 on 2026-04-06 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/wolfSSL/wolfssl/pull/10131

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-5194(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Affected Packages

(3 across 3 ecosystems)
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
wolfssl4.6.0+p1-0+deb11u1 ... 5.9.2-1 (40 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
wolfssl5.5.4-2, 5.5.4-2+deb12u1, 5.5.4-2+deb12u2
  • every version up to 5.5.4-2+deb12u3: fixed in 5.5.4-2+deb12u3
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
wolfssl5.7.2-0.1, 5.7.2-0.1+deb13u1
  • every version up to 5.7.2-0.1+deb13u2: fixed in 5.7.2-0.1+deb13u2
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 21× in last 7d / 72× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 301 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 201 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-29 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  2. 2026-10-29 15:36 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f5h9-5q52-qrx7 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  3. 2026-10-28 17:02 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-28 17:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f5h9-5q52-qrx7 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  5. 2026-10-28 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  6. 2026-10-27 18:37 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-27 18:37 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f5h9-5q52-qrx7 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  8. 2026-10-27 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  9. 2026-10-26 20:21 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-10-26 20:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f5h9-5q52-qrx7 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  11. 2026-10-26 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  12. 2026-10-25 20:17 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-10-25 20:17 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f5h9-5q52-qrx7 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  14. 2026-10-25 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  15. 2026-10-25 14:21 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-24 22:00 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-10-24 22:00 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f5h9-5q52-qrx7 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  18. 2026-10-24 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  19. 2026-10-23 23:45 UTCEG score recompute
  20. 2026-10-23 23:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f5h9-5q52-qrx7 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  21. 2026-10-23 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  22. 2026-10-23 01:27 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-10-23 01:27 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f5h9-5q52-qrx7 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  24. 2026-10-22 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  25. 2026-10-22 02:29 UTCEG score recompute
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-10-22 02:29 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f5h9-5q52-qrx7 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  2. 2026-10-21 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  3. 2026-10-21 04:13 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-21 04:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f5h9-5q52-qrx7 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  5. 2026-10-20 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  6. 2026-10-20 05:50 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-20 05:50 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f5h9-5q52-qrx7 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  8. 2026-10-19 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  9. 2026-10-19 07:32 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-10-19 07:32 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f5h9-5q52-qrx7 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  11. 2026-10-18 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  12. 2026-10-18 09:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f5h9-5q52-qrx7 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  13. 2026-10-18 03:32 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-10-17 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  15. 2026-10-17 10:53 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-17 10:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f5h9-5q52-qrx7 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  17. 2026-10-16 16:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  18. 2026-10-16 12:30 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-16 12:30 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f5h9-5q52-qrx7 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  20. 2026-10-15 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  21. 2026-10-15 14:12 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-10-15 14:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f5h9-5q52-qrx7 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  23. 2026-10-14 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  24. 2026-10-14 08:57 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-10-14 08:57 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f5h9-5q52-qrx7 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  26. 2026-10-13 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  27. 2026-10-13 05:26 UTCEG score recompute
  28. 2026-10-13 05:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f5h9-5q52-qrx7 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  29. 2026-10-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  30. 2026-10-12 15:58 UTCEG score recompute
  31. 2026-10-12 07:08 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-f5h9-5q52-qrx7 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  32. 2026-10-11 19:41 UTCEG score recompute
  33. 2026-10-11 16:56 UTCEG score recompute
  34. 2026-10-11 14:20 UTCEG score recompute
  35. 2026-10-11 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  36. 2026-10-11 07:25 UTCOSV refresh
  37. 2026-10-10 20:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  38. 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  39. 2026-10-08 17:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  40. 2026-10-07 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  41. 2026-10-06 15:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  42. 2026-10-05 17:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  43. 2026-10-04 23:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 17th percentile
  44. 2026-10-03 14:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 17th percentile
  45. 2026-10-02 17:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 17th percentile
  46. 2026-10-01 19:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 17th percentile
  47. 2026-09-30 15:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 17th percentile
  48. 2026-09-28 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 17th percentile
  49. 2026-09-27 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 17th percentile
  50. 2026-09-26 15:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 17th percentile
  51. 2026-09-24 14:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 17th percentile
  52. 2026-09-23 17:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 38th percentile
  53. 2026-09-21 19:49 UTCOSV refresh
  54. 2026-09-20 20:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 38th percentile
  55. 2026-09-18 19:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 38th percentile
  56. 2026-09-17 19:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 38th percentile
  57. 2026-09-16 14:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 38th percentile
  58. 2026-09-16 05:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 38th percentile
  59. 2026-09-15 03:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 38th percentile
  60. 2026-09-13 16:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 38th percentile
  61. 2026-09-11 14:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 37th percentile
  62. 2026-09-10 09:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 37th percentile
  63. 2026-09-08 22:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 37th percentile
  64. 2026-09-07 16:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 37th percentile
  65. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 37th percentile
  66. 2026-09-04 05:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 37th percentile
  67. 2026-09-02 16:08 UTCOSV refresh
  68. 2026-09-02 14:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 37th percentile
  69. 2026-09-01 13:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 37th percentile
  70. 2026-09-01 04:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 37th percentile
  71. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 37th percentile
  72. 2026-08-30 01:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 37th percentile
  73. 2026-08-28 21:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 37th percentile
  74. 2026-08-27 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 37th percentile
  75. 2026-08-26 14:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 37th percentile

Related CVEs(same product + same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-5194?
CVE-2026-5194 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on April 9, 2026. Missing hash/digest size and OID checks allow digests smaller than allowed when verifying ECDSA certificates, or smaller than is appropriate for the relevant key type, to be accepted by signature verification functions. This could lead to reduced security of ECDSA certificate-based authentication…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2026-5194 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2026-5194 was published on April 9, 2026. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of May 23, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-5194 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-5194 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.6% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (47th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-5194?
CVE-2026-5194 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.1 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-5194?
A fix for CVE-2026-5194 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-5194 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

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