CVE-2026-3548

CRITICALNVD 9.89.8
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score 9.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2026-03-19. NVD baseline CVSS 9.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 3 sources updated this week
9.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan mitigationRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.6%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

An upstream fix is merged but not yet released — mitigate (WAF / firewall / segmentation) until the release ships, then apply it.

Two buffer overflow vulnerabilities existed in the wolfSSL CRL parser when parsing CRL numbers: a heap-based buffer overflow could occur when improperly storing the CRL number as a hexadecimal string, and a stack-based overflow for sufficiently sized CRL numbers. With appropriately crafted CRLs, either of these out of bound writes could be triggered. Note this only affects builds that specifically enable CRL support, and the user would need to load a CRL from an untrusted source.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
59
EG Risk 59/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity98% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.6% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: An upstream fix is merged but not yet in a tagged release. Restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high until it ships, then apply the release.
EPSS PROB
0.6%
EPSS %ILE
49th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.8 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.6% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-19). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).

An upstream fix is merged but not yet in a tagged release. Restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high until it ships, then apply the release.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

March 19, 2026

Last Modified

June 17, 2026

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Oct 13, 2026
Upstream fix merged — awaiting tagged release. Sources: github_pr.
GitHub pull request

fix lareger(>57 octets) CRL number

Fix merged in wolfSSL/wolfssl PR #9873 on 2026-03-07 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/wolfSSL/wolfssl/pull/9873/
GitHub pull request

Fix CRL Number hex string buffer overflow in CRL parser

Fix merged in wolfSSL/wolfssl PR #9628 on 2026-01-11 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/wolfSSL/wolfssl/pull/9628/

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-3548(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Affected Packages

(3 across 3 ecosystems)
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
wolfssl4.6.0+p1-0+deb11u1 ... 5.9.2-1 (40 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
wolfssl5.5.4-2 ... 5.9.2-1 (27 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
wolfssl5.7.2-0.1 ... 5.9.2-1 (14 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—

Weakness Classification(2)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 21× in last 7d / 48× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 99 of 263 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 1 repeat row among the latest 100 is merged into the row it repeats. The 164 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-20 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 49th percentile
  2. 2026-10-20 06:14 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-10-20 06:14 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-86fv-q5vx-mw5m · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  4. 2026-10-19 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 49th percentile
  5. 2026-10-19 07:50 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-19 07:50 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-86fv-q5vx-mw5m · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  7. 2026-10-18 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 49th percentile
  8. 2026-10-18 09:27 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-86fv-q5vx-mw5m · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  9. 2026-10-18 03:44 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-10-17 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 49th percentile
  11. 2026-10-17 06:20 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-17 06:20 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-86fv-q5vx-mw5m · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  13. 2026-10-16 16:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 49th percentile
  14. 2026-10-16 07:41 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-16 07:40 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-86fv-q5vx-mw5m · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  16. 2026-10-15 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  17. 2026-10-15 06:37 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-15 06:37 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-86fv-q5vx-mw5m · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  19. 2026-10-14 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  20. 2026-10-14 02:17 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-14 02:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-86fv-q5vx-mw5m · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  22. 2026-10-13 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  23. 2026-10-12 22:34 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-10-12 22:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-86fv-q5vx-mw5m · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  25. 2026-10-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
Show 74 more
  1. 2026-10-12 16:11 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-10-12 08:15 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-86fv-q5vx-mw5m · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  3. 2026-10-11 19:53 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-11 17:07 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-11 14:34 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-11 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  7. 2026-10-11 08:25 UTCOSV refresh
  8. 2026-10-10 20:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  9. 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  10. 2026-10-08 17:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  11. 2026-10-07 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  12. 2026-10-06 15:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  13. 2026-10-05 17:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  14. 2026-10-04 23:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  15. 2026-10-03 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  16. 2026-10-01 19:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  17. 2026-09-30 15:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  18. 2026-09-28 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  19. 2026-09-27 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  20. 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  21. 2026-09-26 00:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  22. 2026-09-21 21:31 UTCOSV refresh
  23. 2026-09-20 20:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  24. 2026-09-18 19:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  25. 2026-09-17 19:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  26. 2026-09-16 14:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  27. 2026-09-16 05:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  28. 2026-09-15 03:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  29. 2026-09-13 16:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  30. 2026-09-12 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  31. 2026-09-11 14:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  32. 2026-09-11 09:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  33. 2026-09-10 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  34. 2026-09-08 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  35. 2026-09-07 16:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  36. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  37. 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 38th percentile
  38. 2026-09-02 17:38 UTCOSV refresh
  39. 2026-09-02 14:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 38th percentile
  40. 2026-09-01 13:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 38th percentile
  41. 2026-09-01 04:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 38th percentile
  42. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 38th percentile
  43. 2026-08-30 01:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 38th percentile
  44. 2026-08-28 21:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 38th percentile
  45. 2026-08-27 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 38th percentile
  46. 2026-08-26 14:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 38th percentile
  47. 2026-08-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 38th percentile
  48. 2026-08-23 00:19 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  49. 2026-08-21 23:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 38th percentile
  50. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 38th percentile
  51. 2026-08-19 17:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 38th percentile
  52. 2026-08-18 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 38th percentile
  53. 2026-08-17 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 38th percentile
  54. 2026-08-16 14:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 38th percentile
  55. 2026-08-16 11:10 UTCEG score recompute
  56. 2026-08-16 11:10 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-86fv-q5vx-mw5m · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  57. 2026-08-16 02:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 38th percentile
  58. 2026-08-15 01:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 38th percentile
  59. 2026-08-15 00:02 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-86fv-q5vx-mw5m · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  60. 2026-08-14 19:54 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-86fv-q5vx-mw5m · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  61. 2026-08-14 15:35 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-86fv-q5vx-mw5m · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  62. 2026-08-14 11:27 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-86fv-q5vx-mw5m · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  63. 2026-08-14 07:20 UTCEG score recompute
  64. 2026-08-14 07:20 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-86fv-q5vx-mw5m · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  65. 2026-08-13 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 38th percentile
  66. 2026-08-13 02:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-86fv-q5vx-mw5m · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  67. 2026-08-12 22:04 UTCEG score recompute
  68. 2026-08-12 22:04 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-86fv-q5vx-mw5m · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  69. 2026-08-12 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 38th percentile
  70. 2026-08-12 01:35 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-86fv-q5vx-mw5m · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  71. 2026-08-11 21:28 UTCEG score recompute
  72. 2026-08-11 21:28 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-86fv-q5vx-mw5m · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  73. 2026-08-11 13:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 38th percentile
  74. 2026-08-11 08:39 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-86fv-q5vx-mw5m · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 9.8

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-3548?
CVE-2026-3548 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on March 19, 2026. Two buffer overflow vulnerabilities existed in the wolfSSL CRL parser when parsing CRL numbers: a heap-based buffer overflow could occur when improperly storing the CRL number as a hexadecimal string, and a stack-based overflow for sufficiently sized CRL numbers. With appropriately crafted CRLs,…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2026-3548 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2026-3548 was published on March 19, 2026. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of June 17, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-3548 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-3548 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.6% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (49th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-3548?
CVE-2026-3548 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-3548?
An upstream fix for CVE-2026-3548 has been merged but is not yet in a tagged release. Until it ships, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation, then update to the release that contains the fix. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-3548 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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