CVE-2026-48986

MEDIUMPre-NVD 4.74.7
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

This medium-severity CVE scores 4.7 under a secondary CVSS source (NVD's own analysis pending). EPSS exploit probability: 0.1% (2nd percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). No GitHub Security Advisory CVSS is on record for this CVE.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from a secondary CVSS source
Sources: EPSS, a secondary CVSS source
4.7EG
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.1%CVSS: 4.7Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

pam_usb provides hardware authentication for Linux using removable media. In pam_usb 0.9.1 and earlier, usb_get_process_parent_id() can cause an infinite loop DoS because it does not initialize *ppid on failure. In pusb_local_login(), the same variable is reused as input and output in a process-tree while loop; if /proc//stat cannot be read (for example, when an ancestor process exits during authentication), the PID is not updated and the loop does not terminate. This hangs the authenticating process (such as sudo, sshd, or login) until it is forcibly terminated. This issue has been fixed in version 0.9.2.

CVSS v3
4.7
EG Score
4.7MEDIUMmedium confidence
EG Risk
21
EG Risk 21/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity47% × 45%
The EG Score, 4.7 of 10.
Exploitation0.1% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's BOD 26-04 default: no one has published Automatable for this CVE, and CISA treats it as “no” for a CVE not in KEV.
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (no CISA value, KEV listing or exploit code on record) · Automatable no (CISA's BOD 26-04 default) · Technical impact total (CISA's BOD 26-04 default). EchelonGraph holds no SSVC assessment of this CVE from CISA: none of these inputs is from Vulnrichment. EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.1%
EPSS %ILE
2nd
KEV
Not listed

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (no CISA value, KEV listing or exploit code on record) · Automatable no (CISA's BOD 26-04 default) · Technical impact total (CISA's BOD 26-04 default). EchelonGraph holds no SSVC assessment of this CVE from CISA: none of these inputs is from Vulnrichment. EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA's BOD 26-04 default) · Technical impact total (CISA's BOD 26-04 default). Where an input reads “CISA's BOD 26-04 default”, no one has published it for this CVE, and CISA's implementation guidance says: “If “Automatable” and “Technical Impact” information items about a CVE ID are not available and the CVE ID is not in the KEV Catalog, CISA will treat its values as “no” and “total,” respectively, until CISA or a third party provides metadata about the CVE ID. CISA will always provide the Vulnrichment data for a CVE ID listed in the KEV Catalog.” Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

June 18, 2026

Last Modified

June 22, 2026

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Jun 18, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github_release, github.
GitHub advisoryMentions a patch (unverified)

[R6-2] Infinite loop DoS in process-tree walk when parent process exits during authentication · Advisory · mcdope/pam_usb · GitHub

https://github.com/mcdope/pam_usb/security/advisories/GHSA-h28h-9hc3-v595
GitHub release Patch Available

0.9.2 — Security Hardening Release

Patch available: mcdope/pam_usb 0.9.2

https://github.com/mcdope/pam_usb/releases/tag/0.9.2

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 10× in last 7d / 25× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 99 of 116 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 1 repeat row among the latest 100 is merged into the row it repeats. The 17 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-11 19:43 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-10-11 16:57 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-10-11 14:22 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-11 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  5. 2026-10-10 20:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  6. 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  7. 2026-10-08 17:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  8. 2026-10-07 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  9. 2026-10-06 15:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  10. 2026-10-05 17:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  11. 2026-10-04 23:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  12. 2026-10-03 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  13. 2026-10-02 15:41 UTCOSV refresh
  14. 2026-10-01 19:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  15. 2026-09-30 15:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  16. 2026-09-28 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  17. 2026-09-26 15:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  18. 2026-09-26 00:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  19. 2026-09-23 17:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  20. 2026-09-20 20:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  21. 2026-09-18 19:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  22. 2026-09-16 14:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  23. 2026-09-16 05:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  24. 2026-09-13 16:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  25. 2026-09-13 13:53 UTCEG score recompute
Show 74 more
  1. 2026-09-11 14:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  2. 2026-09-10 09:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  3. 2026-09-08 22:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  4. 2026-09-07 16:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  5. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  6. 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  7. 2026-09-01 13:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  8. 2026-09-01 04:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  9. 2026-08-30 20:55 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  11. 2026-08-30 01:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  12. 2026-08-28 21:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  13. 2026-08-27 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  14. 2026-08-26 14:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  15. 2026-08-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  16. 2026-08-25 07:32 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-08-23 01:07 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-08-23 00:19 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  19. 2026-08-21 23:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  20. 2026-08-21 12:24 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  22. 2026-08-20 10:03 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-08-19 17:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  24. 2026-08-19 07:42 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-08-18 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  26. 2026-08-17 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  27. 2026-08-16 20:40 UTCEG score recompute
  28. 2026-08-16 14:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  29. 2026-08-16 02:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  30. 2026-08-15 16:11 UTCEG score recompute
  31. 2026-08-15 01:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  32. 2026-08-14 13:50 UTCEG score recompute
  33. 2026-08-13 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  34. 2026-08-13 11:29 UTCEG score recompute
  35. 2026-08-12 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  36. 2026-08-12 09:08 UTCEG score recompute
  37. 2026-08-11 06:47 UTCEG score recompute
  38. 2026-08-11 00:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  39. 2026-08-10 04:26 UTCEG score recompute
  40. 2026-08-09 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  41. 2026-08-09 02:06 UTCEG score recompute
  42. 2026-08-08 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  43. 2026-08-07 23:45 UTCEG score recompute
  44. 2026-08-06 21:25 UTCEG score recompute
  45. 2026-08-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  46. 2026-08-05 19:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  47. 2026-08-04 16:43 UTCEG score recompute
  48. 2026-08-04 15:10 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  49. 2026-08-04 10:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  50. 2026-08-03 14:23 UTCEG score recompute
  51. 2026-08-03 10:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  52. 2026-08-02 11:11 UTCEG score recompute
  53. 2026-08-02 02:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  54. 2026-08-01 08:50 UTCEG score recompute
  55. 2026-08-01 04:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  56. 2026-07-31 06:29 UTCEG score recompute
  57. 2026-07-30 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  58. 2026-07-30 04:05 UTCEG score recompute
  59. 2026-07-30 01:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  60. 2026-07-29 01:44 UTCEG score recompute
  61. 2026-07-28 15:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  62. 2026-07-27 22:13 UTCEG score recompute
  63. 2026-07-26 17:20 UTCEG score recompute
  64. 2026-07-26 14:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  65. 2026-07-25 14:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  66. 2026-07-24 14:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  67. 2026-07-23 03:18 UTCEG score recompute
  68. 2026-07-21 15:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  69. 2026-07-20 17:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  70. 2026-07-19 14:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  71. 2026-07-19 02:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  72. 2026-07-18 10:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  73. 2026-07-16 17:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  74. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile

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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-48986?
CVE-2026-48986 is a medium-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on June 18, 2026. pamusb provides hardware authentication for Linux using removable media. In pamusb 0.9.1 and earlier, usbgetprocessparentid() can cause an infinite loop DoS because it does not initialize *ppid on failure. In pusblocallogin(), the same variable is reused as input and output in a process-tree while…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2026-48986 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2026-48986 was published on June 18, 2026. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of June 22, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-48986 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-48986 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.1% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (2nd percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-48986?
CVE-2026-48986 has a CVSS base score of 4.7 (a secondary CVSS source that NVD displays; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-48986?
A fix for CVE-2026-48986 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory.

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