CVE-2026-45411

CRITICALPre-NVD 9.89.8
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

This critical-severity CVE scores 9.8 under a secondary CVSS source (NVD's own analysis pending). EPSS exploit probability: 0.9% (58th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). No GitHub Security Advisory CVSS is on record for this CVE.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from a secondary CVSS source
Sources: EPSS, a secondary CVSS source
Trending — 3 sources updated this weekElevated
9.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • CISA's Vulnrichment rates exploitation as PoC; EchelonGraph holds no exploit-code reference for it
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.9%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to 3.11.3, it is possible to catch a host exception using the yield* expression inside an async generator. When the generator is closed using the return function, the value is awaited on and exceptions thrown in the then call will be caught by the runtime and passed to the yield* iterator as the next value. This allows attackers to write code which can escape from the VM2 sandbox and execute arbitrary commands on the host system. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.11.3.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
75
EG Risk 75/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity98% × 45%
The EG Score, 9.8 of 10.
Exploitation40% × 40%
EchelonGraph's fixed weight for EG-KEV Tier 3 (Elevated): a constant, not a probability.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
0.9%
EPSS %ILE
58th
KEV
Not listed

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

May 13, 2026

Last Modified

September 7, 2026

Advisory Details (5)

Auto-updated Oct 13, 2026
🔬 Proof of concept available. Patch available. Sources: github, redhat.
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)
https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-45411.json
GitHub advisoryMentions a patch (unverified)🟡 PoC Available

Sandbox Breakout Using Async Generator · Advisory · patriksimek/vm2 · GitHub

https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-248r-7h7q-cr24
Red Hat

2477210 – (CVE-2026-45411) CVE-2026-45411 vm2: vm2: Arbitrary Code Execution due to sandbox escape vulnerability

https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2477210
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

CVE-2026-45411 - Red Hat Customer Portal

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 or OpenShift Container Platform 4, is affected by this vulnerability and a fix may be released to a

https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-45411
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:50850

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-45411(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(1)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
redhatansible-automation-platform/automation-portal:17858542262026-08-05redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
npm(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
vm2—
  • every version up to 3.11.3: fixed in 3.11.3
—

Weakness Classification(2)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 20× in last 7d / 36× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 241 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 141 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-16 22:02 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-10-16 22:02 UTCVendor advisory
  3. 2026-10-16 16:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  4. 2026-10-15 18:32 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-15 18:32 UTCVendor advisory
  6. 2026-10-15 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  7. 2026-10-14 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  8. 2026-10-14 12:11 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-14 12:11 UTCVendor advisory
  10. 2026-10-13 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  11. 2026-10-13 09:59 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-13 09:59 UTCVendor advisory
  13. 2026-10-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  14. 2026-10-12 16:04 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-12 07:45 UTCVendor advisory
  16. 2026-10-11 19:46 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-10-11 17:01 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-11 14:26 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-11 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  20. 2026-10-10 20:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  21. 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  22. 2026-10-08 17:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  23. 2026-10-07 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  24. 2026-10-06 15:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  25. 2026-10-05 17:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-10-04 23:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  2. 2026-10-03 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  3. 2026-10-01 19:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  4. 2026-09-30 15:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  5. 2026-09-27 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  6. 2026-09-27 04:45 UTCOSV refresh
  7. 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  8. 2026-09-23 17:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  9. 2026-09-20 20:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  10. 2026-09-18 19:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  11. 2026-09-17 19:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  12. 2026-09-16 14:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  13. 2026-09-16 05:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  14. 2026-09-13 16:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  15. 2026-09-12 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  16. 2026-09-11 14:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  17. 2026-09-11 09:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  18. 2026-09-10 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  19. 2026-09-08 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  20. 2026-09-07 16:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  21. 2026-09-07 13:54 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-09-07 13:54 UTCVendor advisory
  23. 2026-09-07 12:42 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-09-07 12:42 UTCVendor advisory
  25. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  26. 2026-09-04 13:29 UTCEG score recompute
  27. 2026-09-04 13:29 UTCVendor advisory
  28. 2026-09-04 12:22 UTCEG score recompute
  29. 2026-09-04 12:22 UTCVendor advisory
  30. 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  31. 2026-09-02 14:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  32. 2026-09-01 13:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  33. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  34. 2026-08-30 01:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  35. 2026-08-28 21:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  36. 2026-08-27 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  37. 2026-08-26 14:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  38. 2026-08-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  39. 2026-08-23 22:00 UTCVendor advisory
  40. 2026-08-23 17:51 UTCEG score recompute
  41. 2026-08-23 17:51 UTCVendor advisory
  42. 2026-08-23 00:19 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  43. 2026-08-21 23:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  44. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  45. 2026-08-20 19:48 UTCEG score recompute
  46. 2026-08-20 19:48 UTCVendor advisory
  47. 2026-08-19 17:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  48. 2026-08-18 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  49. 2026-08-17 14:48 UTCEG score recompute
  50. 2026-08-17 14:48 UTCVendor advisory
  51. 2026-08-17 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  52. 2026-08-17 10:39 UTCEG score recompute
  53. 2026-08-17 10:39 UTCVendor advisory
  54. 2026-08-16 14:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  55. 2026-08-16 12:22 UTCVendor advisory
  56. 2026-08-16 08:13 UTCVendor advisory
  57. 2026-08-16 04:03 UTCEG score recompute
  58. 2026-08-16 04:03 UTCVendor advisory
  59. 2026-08-16 02:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  60. 2026-08-15 01:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  61. 2026-08-14 23:15 UTCVendor advisory
  62. 2026-08-14 19:06 UTCVendor advisory
  63. 2026-08-14 14:58 UTCVendor advisory
  64. 2026-08-14 10:49 UTCVendor advisory
  65. 2026-08-14 06:40 UTCVendor advisory
  66. 2026-08-14 02:32 UTCEG score recompute
  67. 2026-08-14 02:32 UTCVendor advisory
  68. 2026-08-13 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  69. 2026-08-13 08:25 UTCVendor advisory
  70. 2026-08-13 04:16 UTCVendor advisory
  71. 2026-08-13 00:07 UTCVendor advisory
  72. 2026-08-12 19:58 UTCVendor advisory
  73. 2026-08-12 15:50 UTCEG score recompute
  74. 2026-08-12 15:50 UTCVendor advisory
  75. 2026-08-12 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile

Related CVEs(same product + same vendor + same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-45411?
CVE-2026-45411 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on May 13, 2026. vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to 3.11.3, it is possible to catch a host exception using the yield expression inside an async generator. When the generator is closed using the return function, the value is awaited on and exceptions thrown in the then call will be caught by the…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2026-45411 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2026-45411 was published on May 13, 2026. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of September 7, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-45411 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-45411 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.9% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (58th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-45411?
CVE-2026-45411 has a CVSS base score of 9.8 (a secondary CVSS source that NVD displays; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-45411?
A fix for CVE-2026-45411 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-45411 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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