Dulwich is a pure-Python implementation of the Git file formats and protocols. Starting in version 0.24.0 and prior to version 1.2.5, Dulwich's ProcessMergeDriver substitutes the file path (from the git tree, controllable by an attacker via a malicious branch) into the merge driver command via the %P placeholder and executes it with subprocess.run(..., shell=True). An attacker who can cause a victim to merge an untrusted branch can achieve arbitrary command execution by crafting malicious file paths. Version 1.2.5 fixes the issue.
CVE-2026-42563
“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.
This high-severity CVE scores 7.7 under a secondary CVSS source (NVD's own analysis pending). EPSS exploit probability: 0.8% (55th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). No GitHub Security Advisory CVSS is on record for this CVE.
- CISA's Vulnrichment rates exploitation as PoC; EchelonGraph holds no exploit-code reference for it
A fix is available — apply it.
- CVSS v3
- 7.7
- EG Score
- 7.7HIGHmedium confidence
- EG Risk
- 51EG Risk 51/100
EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.
How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)Severity77% × 45%Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 7.7 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.Exploitation40% × 40%EchelonGraph's fixed weight for EG-KEV Tier 3 (Elevated): a constant, not a probability.Automatability0% × 15%CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high. - EPSS PROB
- 0.8%
- EPSS %ILE
- 55th
- KEV
- Not listed
What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)
The EG score (7.7): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 7.7 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.
- EG Severity
- 7.7 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.a secondary CVSS source · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
- EG Likelihood
- 0.8% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-17). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
- Confirmed exploitation
- None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
- EG Priority
- SSVC Track* at medium mission impactTrack at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.
A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table
BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.
In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it
Published
May 28, 2026
Last Modified
July 21, 2026
Advisory Details (3)
Auto-updated Jun 11, 2026Command Injection via Merge Driver Path · Advisory · jelmer/dulwich · GitHub
https://github.com/jelmer/dulwich/security/advisories/GHSA-9277-mp7x-85jfdulwich 1.2.5
Patch available: jelmer/dulwich dulwich-1.2.5
https://github.com/jelmer/dulwich/releases/tag/dulwich-1.2.5commit e3331b3b3a12 (jelmer/dulwich)
Patch available: jelmer/dulwich dulwich-1.2.5 (contains commit e3331b3b3a12)
https://github.com/jelmer/dulwich/commit/e3331b3b3a122fc313460182f928f59723580b7bVendor Advisories for CVE-2026-42563(1)
These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.
Affected Packages
(5 across 5 ecosystems)
Debian:11(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| dulwich | 0.20.15-1 ... 1.2.7-2 (38 versions) |
| — |
Debian:12(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| dulwich | 0.21.2-1 ... 1.2.7-2 (21 versions) |
| — |
Debian:13(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| dulwich | 0.22.7-1 ... 1.2.7-2 (17 versions) |
| — |
Debian:14(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| dulwich | 0.22.7-1 ... 1.2.1-1 (12 versions) |
| — |
PyPI(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| dulwich | 0.24.0 ... 1.2.4 (21 versions) |
| — |
Weakness Classification(1)
MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.
Data Freshness Timeline
(refreshed 9× in last 7d / 30× in last 30d)
Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.
Showing the most recent 100 of 159 refreshes on record for this CVE.
A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 59 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.
- 2026-10-19 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
- 2026-10-18 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
- 2026-10-18 03:40 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-17 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
- 2026-10-17 14:23 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-16 16:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
- 2026-10-15 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
- 2026-10-14 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
- 2026-10-13 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
- 2026-10-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
- 2026-10-12 16:07 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-11 19:49 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-11 17:03 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-11 14:29 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-11 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
- 2026-10-10 20:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
- 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
- 2026-10-08 17:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
- 2026-10-07 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
- 2026-10-06 15:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
- 2026-10-05 17:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 54th percentile
- 2026-10-04 23:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 54th percentile
- 2026-10-03 14:49 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-10-03 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 54th percentile
- 2026-10-01 19:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 54th percentile
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- 2026-09-30 15:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 54th percentile
- 2026-09-27 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 54th percentile
- 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 54th percentile
- 2026-09-23 17:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
- 2026-09-20 20:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
- 2026-09-18 19:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
- 2026-09-17 19:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
- 2026-09-16 14:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
- 2026-09-16 05:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
- 2026-09-14 06:29 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-13 16:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
- 2026-09-13 02:09 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-09-12 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
- 2026-09-11 14:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
- 2026-09-11 09:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
- 2026-09-10 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
- 2026-09-08 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
- 2026-09-07 16:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
- 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
- 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
- 2026-09-02 14:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
- 2026-09-01 13:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
- 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
- 2026-08-30 01:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 43rd percentile
- 2026-08-28 21:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 43rd percentile
- 2026-08-27 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 43rd percentile
- 2026-08-26 14:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 43rd percentile
- 2026-08-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 43rd percentile
- 2026-08-25 04:29 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-23 14:21 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-23 00:19 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
- 2026-08-21 23:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
- 2026-08-20 23:40 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 43rd percentile
- 2026-08-20 10:31 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-19 17:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 43rd percentile
- 2026-08-18 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 43rd percentile
- 2026-08-17 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 43rd percentile
- 2026-08-16 15:20 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-16 14:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 43rd percentile
- 2026-08-16 02:27 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-16 02:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 43rd percentile
- 2026-08-15 02:25 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-15 01:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 43rd percentile
- 2026-08-14 00:38 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-13 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 43rd percentile
- 2026-08-12 15:45 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-12 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 43rd percentile
- 2026-08-12 02:20 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-11 13:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 43rd percentile
- 2026-08-11 13:27 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-11 00:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 43rd percentile
- 2026-08-09 17:37 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-09 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 43rd percentile
- 2026-08-09 04:44 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-08 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 43rd percentile
- 2026-08-08 01:48 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-07 00:00 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 43rd percentile
- 2026-08-05 20:44 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-05 19:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 43rd percentile
- 2026-08-04 23:22 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-04 15:10 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 43rd percentile
- 2026-08-04 10:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 43rd percentile
- 2026-08-03 18:42 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-03 10:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 43rd percentile
- 2026-08-02 03:05 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-02 02:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 43rd percentile
- 2026-08-01 14:10 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-01 04:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 43rd percentile
- 2026-07-31 05:59 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-07-30 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 43rd percentile
- 2026-07-30 01:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 43rd percentile
- 2026-07-29 12:08 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-07-28 15:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 43rd percentile
Related CVEs(same product + same CWE)
Same product
9 shownPyPI:dulwich · Debian:11:dulwich
Frequently asked(5)
What is CVE-2026-42563?
When was the CVE record for CVE-2026-42563 published?
Is CVE-2026-42563 actively exploited?
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-42563?
How do I remediate CVE-2026-42563?
Dependency Blast Radius
See which npm, PyPI, Go, and Maven packages are affected by CVE-2026-42563
Is Your Infrastructure Affected by CVE-2026-42563?
EchelonGraph automatically scans your cloud infrastructure and maps CVE exposure using blast radius analysis.