CVE-2026-28460

HIGHPre-NVD 7.17.1—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This high-severity CVE scores 7.1 under the CNA's CVSS (NVD's own analysis pending). EPSS exploit probability: 0.4%, top 63% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: cna:vulncheck, epss
7.1EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0%CVSS: 7.1Exploit: None knownExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.22 contain an allowlist bypass vulnerability in system.run that allows attackers to execute non-allowlisted commands by splitting command substitution using shell line-continuation characters. Attackers can bypass security analysis by injecting $\\ followed by a newline and opening parenthesis inside double quotes, causing the shell to fold the line continuation into executable command substitution that circumvents approval boundaries.

CVSS v3
7.1
EG Score
7.1(medium)
EG Risk
32(Track)
EG Risk 32/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity71% × 45%
Exploitation0% × 40%
Automatability0% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS PROB
0%
EPSS %ILE
36%
KEV
Not listed

Published

March 19, 2026

Last Modified

June 23, 2026

Advisory Details (3)

Auto-updated Aug 2, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github, github_commit.
generic

OpenClaw < 2026.2.22 - Allowlist Bypass via Shell Line-Continuation Command Substitution in system.run | Advisories | VulnCheck

https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-allowlist-bypass-via-shell-line-continuation-command-substitution-in-system-run
github_commit

commit 3f0b9dbb36c8 (openclaw/openclaw)

Fix landed in openclaw/openclaw commit 3f0b9dbb36c8 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/3f0b9dbb36c86e308267924c0d3d4a4e1fc4d1e9
github Patch Available

system.run allowlist bypass via shell line-continuation command substitution · Advisory · openclaw/openclaw · GitHub

https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-9868-vxmx-w862

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
npm(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
openclaw—2026.2.22—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 7× in last 7d / 40× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

  1. 2026-08-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-08-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-08-23 00:19 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-08-21 23:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-08-19 17:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-08-18 13:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-08-17 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-08-16 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-08-16 11:13 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-08-16 02:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-08-15 01:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-08-14 07:22 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-08-13 22:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-08-12 22:08 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-08-12 13:50 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-08-11 21:30 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-08-11 13:42 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-08-11 04:34 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-08-11 00:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-08-09 19:18 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-08-09 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-08-09 06:56 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-08-08 16:37 UTCEPSS rescore
Show 64 more
  1. 2026-08-07 17:29 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-08-06 19:28 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-08-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-08-06 01:36 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-08-05 19:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-08-04 15:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-08-04 00:46 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-08-03 10:36 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-08-02 16:38 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-08-02 02:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-08-01 19:36 UTCOSV refresh
  12. 2026-08-01 04:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-07-30 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-07-30 01:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-07-28 15:36 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-07-26 14:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-07-26 14:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-07-25 14:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-07-25 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-07-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-07-23 14:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-07-23 14:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-07-23 03:08 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-07-22 14:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-07-22 14:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  26. 2026-07-21 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-07-21 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  28. 2026-07-20 17:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  29. 2026-07-20 17:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  30. 2026-07-19 14:31 UTCEPSS rescore
  31. 2026-07-19 14:31 UTCEPSS rescore
  32. 2026-07-19 02:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  33. 2026-07-18 10:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  34. 2026-07-18 10:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  35. 2026-07-16 17:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  36. 2026-07-16 17:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  37. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  38. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  39. 2026-07-15 02:49 UTCOSV refresh
  40. 2026-07-15 02:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  41. 2026-07-15 02:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  42. 2026-07-13 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  43. 2026-07-13 06:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  44. 2026-07-13 06:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  45. 2026-07-12 05:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  46. 2026-07-11 08:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  47. 2026-07-09 19:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  48. 2026-07-08 15:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  49. 2026-07-07 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  50. 2026-07-06 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  51. 2026-07-06 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  52. 2026-07-06 02:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  53. 2026-07-06 02:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  54. 2026-07-05 02:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  55. 2026-07-04 06:31 UTCEPSS rescore
  56. 2026-07-01 15:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  57. 2026-06-30 23:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  58. 2026-06-30 23:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  59. 2026-06-28 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  60. 2026-06-28 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  61. 2026-06-28 04:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  62. 2026-06-28 04:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  63. 2026-06-27 03:23 UTCEG score recompute
  64. 2026-06-27 03:17 UTCMITRE cvelistV5first tracked

Related CVEs(same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-28460?
CVE-2026-28460 is a high vulnerability published on March 19, 2026. OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.22 contain an allowlist bypass vulnerability in system.run that allows attackers to execute non-allowlisted commands by splitting command substitution using shell line-continuation characters. Attackers can bypass security analysis by injecting $\\ followed by a…
When was CVE-2026-28460 disclosed?
CVE-2026-28460 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on March 19, 2026, with the most recent update on June 23, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2026-28460 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-28460 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 63.6% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-28460?
CVE-2026-28460 has a CVSS v4.0 base score of 7.1 (CNA self-assessment; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-28460?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2026-28460, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

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