CVE-2026-28460

HIGHPre-NVD 7.17.1—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This high-severity CVE scores 7.1 under the CNA's CVSS (NVD's own analysis pending). EPSS exploit probability: 0.4%, top 63% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: cna:vulncheck, epss
7.1EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.7%CVSS: 7.1Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.22 contain an allowlist bypass vulnerability in system.run that allows attackers to execute non-allowlisted commands by splitting command substitution using shell line-continuation characters. Attackers can bypass security analysis by injecting $\\ followed by a newline and opening parenthesis inside double quotes, causing the shell to fold the line continuation into executable command substitution that circumvents approval boundaries.

CVSS v3
7.1
EG Score
7.1HIGHmedium confidence
EG Risk
32
EG Risk 32/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity71% × 45%
Exploitation0% × 40%
Automatability0% × 15%
EPSS PROB
0.7%
EPSS %ILE
49th
KEV
Not listed

Published

March 19, 2026

Last Modified

June 23, 2026

Advisory Details (3)

Auto-updated Aug 2, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github, github_commit.
generic

OpenClaw < 2026.2.22 - Allowlist Bypass via Shell Line-Continuation Command Substitution in system.run | Advisories | VulnCheck

https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-allowlist-bypass-via-shell-line-continuation-command-substitution-in-system-run
github_commit

commit 3f0b9dbb36c8 (openclaw/openclaw)

Fix landed in openclaw/openclaw commit 3f0b9dbb36c8 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/3f0b9dbb36c86e308267924c0d3d4a4e1fc4d1e9
githubMentions a patch (unverified)

system.run allowlist bypass via shell line-continuation command substitution · Advisory · openclaw/openclaw · GitHub

https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-9868-vxmx-w862

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
npm(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
openclaw—
  • every version up to 2026.2.22: fixed in 2026.2.22
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 7× in last 7d / 24× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 128 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-10-08 17:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-10-07 23:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-10-06 15:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-10-05 17:42 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-10-04 23:21 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-10-03 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-10-01 19:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-09-30 15:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-09-28 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-09-26 00:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-09-21 22:15 UTCOSV refresh
  14. 2026-09-20 20:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-09-20 20:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-09-18 19:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-09-18 19:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-09-17 19:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-09-16 14:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-09-16 05:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-09-13 16:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-09-12 15:01 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-09-11 14:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-09-10 09:34 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-09-08 22:00 UTCEPSS rescore
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  1. 2026-09-07 16:01 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-09-02 18:08 UTCOSV refresh
  6. 2026-09-02 14:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-09-01 13:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-09-01 04:39 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-09-01 04:39 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-08-30 01:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-08-28 21:41 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-08-27 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-08-26 14:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-08-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-08-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-08-23 00:19 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-08-21 23:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-08-19 17:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-08-18 13:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-08-17 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-08-16 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-08-16 11:13 UTCEG score recompute
  26. 2026-08-16 02:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-08-15 01:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  28. 2026-08-14 07:22 UTCEG score recompute
  29. 2026-08-13 22:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  30. 2026-08-12 22:08 UTCEG score recompute
  31. 2026-08-12 13:50 UTCEPSS rescore
  32. 2026-08-11 21:30 UTCEG score recompute
  33. 2026-08-11 13:42 UTCEPSS rescore
  34. 2026-08-11 04:34 UTCEG score recompute
  35. 2026-08-11 00:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  36. 2026-08-09 19:18 UTCEG score recompute
  37. 2026-08-09 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  38. 2026-08-09 06:56 UTCEG score recompute
  39. 2026-08-08 16:37 UTCEPSS rescore
  40. 2026-08-07 17:29 UTCEG score recompute
  41. 2026-08-06 19:28 UTCEG score recompute
  42. 2026-08-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  43. 2026-08-06 01:36 UTCEG score recompute
  44. 2026-08-05 19:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  45. 2026-08-04 15:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  46. 2026-08-04 00:46 UTCEG score recompute
  47. 2026-08-03 10:36 UTCEPSS rescore
  48. 2026-08-02 16:38 UTCEG score recompute
  49. 2026-08-02 02:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  50. 2026-08-01 19:36 UTCOSV refresh
  51. 2026-08-01 04:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  52. 2026-07-30 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  53. 2026-07-30 01:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  54. 2026-07-28 15:36 UTCEPSS rescore
  55. 2026-07-26 14:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  56. 2026-07-26 14:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  57. 2026-07-25 14:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  58. 2026-07-25 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  59. 2026-07-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  60. 2026-07-23 14:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  61. 2026-07-23 14:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  62. 2026-07-23 03:08 UTCEG score recompute
  63. 2026-07-22 14:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  64. 2026-07-22 14:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  65. 2026-07-21 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  66. 2026-07-21 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  67. 2026-07-20 17:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  68. 2026-07-20 17:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  69. 2026-07-19 14:31 UTCEPSS rescore
  70. 2026-07-19 14:31 UTCEPSS rescore
  71. 2026-07-19 02:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  72. 2026-07-18 10:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  73. 2026-07-18 10:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  74. 2026-07-16 17:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  75. 2026-07-16 17:03 UTCEPSS rescore

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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-28460?
CVE-2026-28460 is a high vulnerability published on March 19, 2026. OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.22 contain an allowlist bypass vulnerability in system.run that allows attackers to execute non-allowlisted commands by splitting command substitution using shell line-continuation characters. Attackers can bypass security analysis by injecting $\\ followed by a…
When was CVE-2026-28460 disclosed?
CVE-2026-28460 was first published on March 19, 2026, with the most recent update on June 23, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2026-28460 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-28460 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.7% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (49th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-28460?
CVE-2026-28460 has a CVSS base score of 7.1 (the CNA's own assessment, by vulncheck; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-28460?
A fix for CVE-2026-28460 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory.

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