CVE-2025-54771

MEDIUMPre-NVD 4.94.9—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

Score 4.9 from GitHub Security Advisory published 2025-11-18. a secondary CVSS source baseline 4.9; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: epss, ghsa, secondary
Trending — 3 sources updated this week
4.9EG
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorLow exploitation likelihood right now — keep watching.
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0%CVSS: 4.9Exploit: None knownExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

A use-after-free vulnerability has been identified in the GNU GRUB (Grand Unified Bootloader). The flaw occurs because the file-closing process incorrectly retains a memory pointer, leaving an invalid reference to a file system structure. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause grub to crash, leading to a Denial of Service. Possible data integrity or confidentiality compromise is not discarded.

CVSS v3
4.9
EG Score
4.9(medium)
EG Risk
22(Track)
EG Risk 22/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity49% × 45%
Exploitation0% × 40%
Automatability0% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS PROB
0%
EPSS %ILE
4%
KEV
Not listed

Published

November 18, 2025

Last Modified

August 21, 2026

Advisory Details (4)

Auto-updated Jun 25, 2026
Patch available. Sources: redhat.
generic

oss-security - [SECURITY PATCH 2/8] kern/file: Call grub_dl_unref() after fs->fs_close()

http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/11/18/3
generic

[SECURITY PATCH 0/8] GRUB2 vulnerabilities - 2025/11/18

https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/grub-devel/2025-11/msg00155.html
redhat

2413823 – (CVE-2025-54771) CVE-2025-54771 grub2: Use-after-free in grub_file_close()

https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2413823
redhat Patch Available

cve-details

https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-54771

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-54771(2)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Affected Packages

(4 across 4 ecosystems)
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
grub22.04-20 ... 2.14~git20250718.0e36779-2 (68 versions)——
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
grub22.06-13 ... 2.14~git20250718.0e36779-2 (36 versions)——
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
grub22.12-9 ... 2.14~git20250718.0e36779-2 (9 versions)——
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
grub22.12-9, 2.12-9+hurd.1, 2.14~git20250718.0e36779-1, 2.14~git20250718.0e36779-22.14-1—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 11× in last 7d / 37× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 152 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-08-25 13:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-08-24 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-08-24 09:22 UTCEPSS rescore
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  6. 2026-08-21 13:23 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-08-21 13:23 UTCGHSA enrichment
  8. 2026-08-21 12:50 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-08-21 12:50 UTCGHSA enrichment
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  24. 2026-08-08 10:13 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-08-08 10:13 UTCGHSA enrichment
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  1. 2026-08-07 16:26 UTCEPSS rescore
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  10. 2026-07-30 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
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  12. 2026-07-27 07:09 UTCOSV refresh
  13. 2026-07-26 14:54 UTCEPSS rescore
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  16. 2026-07-23 02:58 UTCEG score recompute
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  27. 2026-07-13 22:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  28. 2026-07-12 05:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  29. 2026-07-11 08:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  30. 2026-07-11 08:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  31. 2026-07-10 01:45 UTCOSV refresh
  32. 2026-07-09 19:09 UTCEPSS rescore
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  48. 2026-06-27 03:08 UTCEPSS rescore
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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-54771?
CVE-2025-54771 is a medium vulnerability published on November 18, 2025. A use-after-free vulnerability has been identified in the GNU GRUB (Grand Unified Bootloader). The flaw occurs because the file-closing process incorrectly retains a memory pointer, leaving an invalid reference to a file system structure. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause grub…
When was CVE-2025-54771 disclosed?
CVE-2025-54771 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on November 18, 2025, with the most recent update on August 21, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2025-54771 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-54771 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 95.8% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-54771?
CVE-2025-54771 has a CVSS v3 base score of 4.9 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-54771?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2025-54771, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

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