CVE-2025-40331

HIGHPre-NVD 7.87.8—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

Score 7.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2025-12-09. the CNA's CVSS baseline 7.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: cna:linux, epss, ghsa
Trending — 5 sources updated this week
7.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0%CVSS: 7.8Exploit: None knownExposed: 0

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

sctp: Prevent TOCTOU out-of-bounds write

For the following path not holding the sock lock,

sctp_diag_dump() -> sctp_for_each_endpoint() -> sctp_ep_dump()

make sure not to exceed bounds in case the address list has grown between buffer allocation (time-of-check) and write (time-of-use).

CVSS v3
7.8
EG Score
7.8(medium)
EG Risk
35(Track)
EG Risk 35/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity78% × 45%
Exploitation0% × 40%
Automatability0% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS PROB
0%
EPSS %ILE
6%
KEV
Not listed

Published

December 9, 2025

Last Modified

August 5, 2026

Advisory Details (8)

Auto-updated Jul 30, 2026
No patch confirmed yet.
generic

sctp: Prevent TOCTOU out-of-bounds write - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c9119f243d9c0da3c3b5f577a328de3e7ffd1b42
generic

sctp: Prevent TOCTOU out-of-bounds write - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b106a68df0650b694b254427cd9250c04500edd3
generic

sctp: Prevent TOCTOU out-of-bounds write - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/95aef86ab231f047bb8085c70666059b58f53c09
generic

sctp: Prevent TOCTOU out-of-bounds write - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/89eac1e150dbd42963e13d23828cb8c4e0763196
generic

sctp: Prevent TOCTOU out-of-bounds write - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/72e3fea68eac8d088e44c3dd954e843478e9240e
generic

sctp: Prevent TOCTOU out-of-bounds write - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/584307275b2048991b2e8984962189b6cc0a9b85
generic

sctp: Prevent TOCTOU out-of-bounds write - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3006959371007fc2eae4a078f823c680fa52de1a
generic

sctp: Prevent TOCTOU out-of-bounds write - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2fe08fcaacb7eb019fa9c81db39b2214de216677

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-40331(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(26)

Vendor / EcosystemFixed in / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntulinux-tools-gcp-64k-6.17 (6.17.0-1007.7) @ questing2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-6.17 (6.17.0-1008.8) @ questing2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oracle-64k-6.17 (6.17.0-1007.7) @ questing2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-6.8 (6.8.0-106.106) @ noble2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oem-6.17 (6.17.0-1011.11) @ noble2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-gcp-fips-5.15 (5.15.0.1103.93) @ jammy2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-gke-5.15 (5.15.0.1099.98) @ jammy2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-realtime-6.8.1 (6.8.1-1045.46) @ noble2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-fips-6.8 (6.8.0-1052.58+fips1) @ noble2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-lts-22.04 (5.15.0.1109.107) @ jammy2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-gcp-fips-6.8 (6.8.0-1052.55+fips1) @ noble2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-xilinx-zynqmp-tools-5.15.0-1067 (5.15.0-1067.71) @ jammy2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-edge (5.15.0.1110.119~20.04.1) @ focal2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-xilinx-zynqmp (6.8.0.1029.30) @ noble2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-24.04-edge (6.17.0-14.14) @ questing2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-nvidia-hwe-22.04-edge (6.8.0-1049.52~22.04.1) @ jammy2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-realtime-5.15 (5.15.0.1102.106) @ jammy2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-lts-24.04 (6.8.0-1051.57) @ noble2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-aws-edge (6.8.0-1050.53~22.04.1) @ jammy2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-intel-iot-realtime-5.15 (5.15.0.1094.98) @ jammy2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-nvidia-tegra-igx-rt-5.15 (5.15.0.1044.46) @ jammy2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-edge (6.8.0-1051.57~22.04.1) @ jammy2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-raspi-nolpae (5.15.0.1097.95) @ jammy2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-raspi-realtime-6.8 (6.8.0-2040.41) @ noble2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-fips-5.15 (5.15.0.1109.94) @ jammy2026-05-21ubuntu
linuxKernel @ 5.4.302—osv

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

All Vendor Advisories

(25)

Every vendor that published an advisory referencing this CVE — pulled from our cve_vendor_advisories aggregation. Click any row for the vendor's original advisory page.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 13× in last 7d / 45× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 142 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-08-05 12:50 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-08-05 12:50 UTCVendor advisory
  3. 2026-08-05 12:50 UTCGHSA enrichment
  4. 2026-08-04 15:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-08-04 10:37 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-08-03 10:35 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-08-02 02:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-08-01 04:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-07-30 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-07-30 06:24 UTCEG score recompute▲ 7.80
  11. 2026-07-30 06:24 UTCVendor advisory
  12. 2026-07-30 06:24 UTCGHSA enrichment
  13. 2026-07-30 06:18 UTCMITRE cvelistV5CVSS v3 → 7.8 · severity → HIGH
  14. 2026-07-30 01:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-07-28 15:35 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-07-27 05:09 UTCOSV refresh
  17. 2026-07-26 14:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-07-25 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-07-25 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-07-23 02:55 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-07-22 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-07-22 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-07-21 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-07-20 17:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-07-19 14:30 UTCEPSS rescore
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-07-19 14:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-07-19 02:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-07-19 02:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-07-18 10:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-07-18 10:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-07-16 17:02 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-07-15 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-07-15 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-07-13 22:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-07-13 22:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-07-13 06:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-07-12 05:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-07-11 08:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-07-11 08:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-07-09 23:47 UTCOSV refresh
  18. 2026-07-09 19:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-07-09 19:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-07-07 13:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-07-06 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-07-06 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-07-06 02:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-07-05 02:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-07-04 06:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  26. 2026-07-01 15:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-07-01 15:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  28. 2026-06-30 23:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  29. 2026-06-30 23:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  30. 2026-06-29 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  31. 2026-06-29 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  32. 2026-06-28 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  33. 2026-06-28 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  34. 2026-06-28 04:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  35. 2026-06-28 04:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  36. 2026-06-27 03:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  37. 2026-06-27 03:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  38. 2026-06-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  39. 2026-06-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  40. 2026-06-24 14:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  41. 2026-06-24 14:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  42. 2026-06-23 21:32 UTCEPSS rescore
  43. 2026-06-23 21:32 UTCEPSS rescore
  44. 2026-06-22 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  45. 2026-06-22 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  46. 2026-06-21 22:58 UTCMITRE cvelistV5
  47. 2026-06-21 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  48. 2026-06-21 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  49. 2026-06-21 10:31 UTCOSV refresh
  50. 2026-06-21 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  51. 2026-06-21 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  52. 2026-06-19 19:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  53. 2026-06-19 19:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  54. 2026-06-18 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  55. 2026-06-18 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  56. 2026-06-17 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  57. 2026-06-16 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  58. 2026-06-16 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  59. 2026-06-14 23:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  60. 2026-06-13 23:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  61. 2026-06-12 23:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  62. 2026-06-11 14:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  63. 2026-06-10 22:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  64. 2026-06-10 13:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  65. 2026-06-08 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  66. 2026-06-08 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  67. 2026-06-07 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  68. 2026-06-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  69. 2026-06-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  70. 2026-06-05 22:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  71. 2026-06-05 22:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  72. 2026-06-05 06:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  73. 2026-06-05 06:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  74. 2026-06-04 13:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  75. 2026-06-04 13:12 UTCEPSS rescore

Related CVEs(same product + same vendor)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-40331?
CVE-2025-40331 is a high vulnerability published on December 9, 2025. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sctp: Prevent TOCTOU out-of-bounds write For the following path not holding the sock lock, sctpdiagdump() -> sctpforeachendpoint() -> sctpep_dump() make sure not to exceed bounds in case the address list has grown between buffer…
When was CVE-2025-40331 disclosed?
CVE-2025-40331 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on December 9, 2025, with the most recent update on August 5, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2025-40331 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-40331 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 93.7% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-40331?
CVE-2025-40331 has a CVSS v4.0 base score of 7.8 (CNA self-assessment; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-40331?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2025-40331, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

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