CVE-2025-40233

HIGHPre-NVD 7.87.8—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

Score 7.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2025-12-04. the CNA's CVSS baseline 7.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: cna:linux, epss, ghsa
Trending — 5 sources updated this week
7.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0%CVSS: 7.8Exploit: None knownExposed: 0

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ocfs2: clear extent cache after moving/defragmenting extents

The extent map cache can become stale when extents are moved or defragmented, causing subsequent operations to see outdated extent flags. This triggers a BUG_ON in ocfs2_refcount_cal_cow_clusters().

The problem occurs when:

  • copy_file_range() creates a reflinked extent with OCFS2_EXT_REFCOUNTED
  • ioctl(FITRIM) triggers ocfs2_move_extents()
  • __ocfs2_move_extents_range() reads and caches the extent (flags=0x2)
  • ocfs2_move_extent()/ocfs2_defrag_extent() calls __ocfs2_move_extent()
which clears OCFS2_EXT_REFCOUNTED flag on disk (flags=0x0)
  • The extent map cache is not invalidated after the move
  • Later write() operations read stale cached flags (0x2) but disk has
updated flags (0x0), causing a mismatch
  • BUG_ON(!(rec->e_flags & OCFS2_EXT_REFCOUNTED)) triggers

Fix by clearing the extent map cache after each extent move/defrag operation in __ocfs2_move_extents_range(). This ensures subsequent operations read fresh extent data from disk.

CVSS v3
7.8
EG Score
7.8(medium)
EG Risk
40(Track)
EG Risk 40/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity78% × 45%
Exploitation0% × 40%
Automatability30% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS PROB
0%
EPSS %ILE
5%
KEV
Not listed

Published

December 4, 2025

Last Modified

August 5, 2026

Advisory Details (8)

Auto-updated Jul 30, 2026
No patch confirmed yet.
generic

ocfs2: clear extent cache after moving/defragmenting extents - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e92af7737a94a729225d2a5d180eaaa77fe0bbc1
generic

ocfs2: clear extent cache after moving/defragmenting extents - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bb69928ed578f881e68d26aaf1a8f6e7faab3b44
generic

ocfs2: clear extent cache after moving/defragmenting extents - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/aa6a21409dd6221bb268b56bb410e031c632ff9a
generic

ocfs2: clear extent cache after moving/defragmenting extents - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a7ee72286efba1d407c6f15a0528e43593fb7007
generic

ocfs2: clear extent cache after moving/defragmenting extents - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a21750df2f6169af6e039a3bb4893d6c9564e48d
generic

ocfs2: clear extent cache after moving/defragmenting extents - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/93b1ab422f1966b71561158e1aedce4ec100f357
generic

ocfs2: clear extent cache after moving/defragmenting extents - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/93166bc53c0e3587058327a4121daea34b4fecd5
generic

ocfs2: clear extent cache after moving/defragmenting extents - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/78a63493f8e352296dbc7cb7b3f4973105e8679e

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-40233(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(30)

Vendor / EcosystemFixed in / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-24.04-edge (6.17.0-14.14) @ questing2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-nvidia-tegra-igx-rt-5.15 (5.15.0.1041.43) @ jammy2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-realtime-5.15 (5.15.0.1099.103) @ jammy2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-gcp-fips-5.15 (5.15.0.1100.90) @ jammy2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-aws-edge (5.15.0.1100.107~20.04.1) @ focal2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-nvidia-tegra-rt-5.15 (5.15.0.1052.52) @ jammy2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oracle-64k-6.17 (6.17.0-1007.7) @ questing2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-intel-iotg-edge (5.15.0.1095.101~20.04.1) @ focal2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-intel-iotg-5.15 (5.15.0.1095.95) @ jammy2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-gcp-64k-6.17 (6.17.0-1007.7) @ questing2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-20.04-edge (5.15.0.170.159) @ jammy2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oracle-lts-22.04 (5.15.0.1097.93) @ jammy2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oem-6.17 (6.17.0-1011.11) @ noble2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-nvidia-lowlatency-5.15 (5.15.0.1095.95) @ jammy2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-6.17 (6.17.0-1008.8) @ questing2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-6.8 (6.8.0-106.106) @ noble2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-nvidia-lowlatency-64k-6.8 (6.8.0-1049.52.1) @ noble2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-gcp-fips-6.8 (6.8.0-1052.55+fips1) @ noble2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-realtime-6.8.1 (6.8.1-1045.46) @ noble2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-aws-edge (6.8.0-1050.53~22.04.1) @ jammy2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-lts-24.04 (6.8.0-1051.57) @ noble2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-edge (6.8.0-1051.57~22.04.1) @ jammy2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-raspi-realtime-6.8 (6.8.0-2040.41) @ noble2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-raspi-nolpae (5.15.0.1097.95) @ jammy2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-fips-5.15 (5.15.0.1109.94) @ jammy2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-fips-6.8 (6.8.0-1052.58+fips1) @ noble2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-lts-22.04 (5.15.0.1109.107) @ jammy2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-edge (5.15.0.1110.119~20.04.1) @ focal2026-07-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-xilinx-zynqmp (6.8.0.1029.30) @ noble2026-07-30ubuntu
linuxKernel @ 5.4.301—osv

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

All Vendor Advisories

(25)

Every vendor that published an advisory referencing this CVE — pulled from our cve_vendor_advisories aggregation. Click any row for the vendor's original advisory page.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 13× in last 7d / 41× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 135 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-08-05 12:51 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-08-05 12:51 UTCVendor advisory
  3. 2026-08-05 12:51 UTCGHSA enrichment
  4. 2026-08-04 15:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-08-04 10:37 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-08-03 10:35 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-08-02 02:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-08-01 04:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-07-30 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-07-30 06:25 UTCEG score recompute▲ 7.80
  11. 2026-07-30 06:25 UTCVendor advisory
  12. 2026-07-30 06:25 UTCGHSA enrichment
  13. 2026-07-30 06:18 UTCMITRE cvelistV5CVSS v3 → 7.8 · severity → HIGH
  14. 2026-07-30 01:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-07-28 15:35 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-07-27 06:09 UTCOSV refresh
  17. 2026-07-26 14:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-07-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-07-23 02:55 UTCEG score recompute
  20. 2026-07-22 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-07-22 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-07-20 17:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-07-19 14:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-07-19 14:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-07-19 02:28 UTCEPSS rescore
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  1. 2026-07-19 02:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-07-18 10:04 UTCEPSS rescore
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  4. 2026-07-16 17:02 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
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  7. 2026-07-15 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
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  9. 2026-07-13 22:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-07-13 22:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-07-13 06:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-07-12 05:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-07-10 00:45 UTCOSV refresh
  14. 2026-07-09 19:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-07-09 19:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-07-07 13:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-07-06 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-07-06 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-07-06 02:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-07-05 02:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-07-04 06:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-07-01 15:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-07-01 15:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-06-30 23:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-06-30 23:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  26. 2026-06-29 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-06-29 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  28. 2026-06-28 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  29. 2026-06-28 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  30. 2026-06-28 04:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  31. 2026-06-28 04:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  32. 2026-06-27 03:08 UTCEPSS rescore
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  34. 2026-06-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
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  36. 2026-06-24 14:04 UTCEPSS rescore
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  38. 2026-06-23 21:32 UTCEPSS rescore
  39. 2026-06-23 21:32 UTCEPSS rescore
  40. 2026-06-22 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  41. 2026-06-22 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  42. 2026-06-21 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  43. 2026-06-21 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  44. 2026-06-21 11:31 UTCOSV refresh
  45. 2026-06-21 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  46. 2026-06-21 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  47. 2026-06-19 19:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  48. 2026-06-19 19:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  49. 2026-06-18 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  50. 2026-06-18 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  51. 2026-06-17 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  52. 2026-06-16 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  53. 2026-06-16 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  54. 2026-06-14 23:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  55. 2026-06-13 23:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  56. 2026-06-12 23:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  57. 2026-06-11 14:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  58. 2026-06-10 22:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  59. 2026-06-10 13:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  60. 2026-06-08 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
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  62. 2026-06-07 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  63. 2026-06-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  64. 2026-06-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  65. 2026-06-05 22:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  66. 2026-06-05 22:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  67. 2026-06-05 06:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  68. 2026-06-05 06:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  69. 2026-06-02 20:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  70. 2026-06-02 03:39 UTCOSV refresh
  71. 2026-06-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  72. 2026-06-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  73. 2026-05-31 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  74. 2026-05-31 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  75. 2026-05-31 00:16 UTCEPSS rescore

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-40233?
CVE-2025-40233 is a high vulnerability published on December 4, 2025. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ocfs2: clear extent cache after moving/defragmenting extents The extent map cache can become stale when extents are moved or defragmented, causing subsequent operations to see outdated extent flags. This triggers a BUGON in…
When was CVE-2025-40233 disclosed?
CVE-2025-40233 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on December 4, 2025, with the most recent update on August 5, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2025-40233 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-40233 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 95.2% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-40233?
CVE-2025-40233 has a CVSS v4.0 base score of 7.8 (CNA self-assessment; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-40233?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2025-40233, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

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