CVE-2025-40159

HIGHPre-NVD 7.87.8
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

Score 7.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2025-11-12. the CNA's CVSS baseline 7.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: cna:linux, epss, ghsa
Trending — 5 sources updated this week
7.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0%CVSS: 7.8Exploit: None knownExposed: 0

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

xsk: Harden userspace-supplied xdp_desc validation

Turned out certain clearly invalid values passed in xdp_desc from userspace can pass xp_{,un}aligned_validate_desc() and then lead to UBs or just invalid frames to be queued for xmit.

desc->len close to `U32_MAX with a non-zero pool->tx_metadata_len can cause positive integer overflow and wraparound, the same way low enough desc->addr with a non-zero pool->tx_metadata_len can cause negative integer overflow. Both scenarios can then pass the validation successfully. This doesn't happen with valid XSk applications, but can be used to perform attacks.

Always promote desc->len to u64 first to exclude positive overflows of it. Use explicit check_{add,sub}_overflow() when validating desc->addr (which is u64` already).

bloat-o-meter reports a little growth of the code size:

add/remove: 0/0 grow/shrink: 2/1 up/down: 60/-16 (44) Function old new delta xskq_cons_peek_desc 299 330 +31 xsk_tx_peek_release_desc_batch 973 1002 +29 xsk_generic_xmit 3148 3132 -16

but hopefully this doesn't hurt the performance much.

CVSS v3
7.8
EG Score
7.8(medium)
EG Risk
40(Track)
EG Risk 40/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity78% × 45%
Exploitation0% × 40%
Automatability30% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS PROB
0%
EPSS %ILE
4%
KEV
Not listed

Published

November 12, 2025

Last Modified

August 5, 2026

Advisory Details (3)

Auto-updated Jul 31, 2026
No patch confirmed yet.
generic

xsk: Harden userspace-supplied xdp_desc validation - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5b5fffa7c81e55d8c8edf05ad40d811ec7047e21
generic

xsk: Harden userspace-supplied xdp_desc validation - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1463cd066f32efd56ddfd3ac4e3524200f362980
generic

xsk: Harden userspace-supplied xdp_desc validation - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/07ca98f906a403637fc5e513a872a50ef1247f3b

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-40159(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(16)

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

All Vendor Advisories

(15)

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 13× in last 7d / 42× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 139 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-08-05 12:52 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-08-05 12:52 UTCVendor advisory
  3. 2026-08-05 12:52 UTCGHSA enrichment
  4. 2026-08-04 15:09 UTCEPSS rescore
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  10. 2026-07-30 06:27 UTCEG score recompute 7.80
  11. 2026-07-30 06:27 UTCGHSA enrichment
  12. 2026-07-30 06:18 UTCMITRE cvelistV5CVSS v3 → 7.8 · severity → HIGH
  13. 2026-07-30 01:29 UTCEPSS rescore
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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-40159?
CVE-2025-40159 is a high vulnerability published on November 12, 2025. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xsk: Harden userspace-supplied xdp_desc validation Turned out certain clearly invalid values passed in xdp_desc from userspace can pass xp{,un}alignedvalidate_desc() and then lead to UBs or just invalid frames to be queued for…
When was CVE-2025-40159 disclosed?
CVE-2025-40159 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on November 12, 2025, with the most recent update on August 5, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2025-40159 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-40159 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 96.3% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-40159?
CVE-2025-40159 has a CVSS v4.0 base score of 7.8 (CNA self-assessment; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-40159?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2025-40159, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

Explore the affected products and dependency analysis for CVE-2025-40159

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