CVE-2025-40038

HIGHPre-NVD 7.17.1
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

Score 7.1 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2025-10-28. A secondary CVSS source baseline 7.1; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, a secondary CVSS source
Trending — 4 sources updated this week

Also known asEUVD-2025-36490 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-c4m5-3mj6-4mp6 (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

7.1EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.2%CVSS: 7.1Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

KVM: SVM: Skip fastpath emulation on VM-Exit if next RIP isn't valid

Skip the WRMSR and HLT fastpaths in SVM's VM-Exit handler if the next RIP isn't valid, e.g. because KVM is running with nrips=false. SVM must decode and emulate to skip the instruction if the CPU doesn't provide the next RIP, and getting the instruction bytes to decode requires reading guest memory. Reading guest memory through the emulator can fault, i.e. can sleep, which is disallowed since the fastpath handlers run with IRQs disabled.

BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at ./include/linux/uaccess.h:106 in_atomic(): 1, irqs_disabled(): 1, non_block: 0, pid: 32611, name: qemu preempt_count: 1, expected: 0 INFO: lockdep is turned off. irq event stamp: 30580 hardirqs last enabled at (30579): [] vcpu_run+0x1787/0x1db0 [kvm] hardirqs last disabled at (30580): [] __schedule+0x1e2/0xed0 softirqs last enabled at (30570): [] fpu_swap_kvm_fpstate+0x44/0x210 softirqs last disabled at (30568): [] fpu_swap_kvm_fpstate+0x44/0x210 CPU: 298 UID: 0 PID: 32611 Comm: qemu Tainted: G U 6.16.0-smp--e6c618b51cfe-sleep #782 NONE Tainted: [U]=USER Hardware name: Google Astoria-Turin/astoria, BIOS 0.20241223.2-0 01/17/2025 Call Trace: dump_stack_lvl+0x7d/0xb0 __might_resched+0x271/0x290 __might_fault+0x28/0x80 kvm_vcpu_read_guest_page+0x8d/0xc0 [kvm] kvm_fetch_guest_virt+0x92/0xc0 [kvm] __do_insn_fetch_bytes+0xf3/0x1e0 [kvm] x86_decode_insn+0xd1/0x1010 [kvm] x86_emulate_instruction+0x105/0x810 [kvm] __svm_skip_emulated_instruction+0xc4/0x140 [kvm_amd] handle_fastpath_invd+0xc4/0x1a0 [kvm] vcpu_run+0x11a1/0x1db0 [kvm] kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_run+0x5cc/0x730 [kvm] kvm_vcpu_ioctl+0x578/0x6a0 [kvm] __se_sys_ioctl+0x6d/0xb0 do_syscall_64+0x8a/0x2c0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53 RIP: 0033:0x7f479d57a94b

Note, this is essentially a reapply of commit 5c30e8101e8d ("KVM: SVM: Skip WRMSR fastpath on VM-Exit if next RIP isn't valid"), but with different justification (KVM now grabs SRCU when skipping the instruction for other reasons).

CVSS v3
7.1
EG Score
7.1HIGHmedium confidence
EG Risk
32
EG Risk 32/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity71% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 7.1 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.2% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at every mission impact level.
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.2%
EPSS %ILE
7th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (7.1): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 7.1 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
7.1 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.2% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-03). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at every mission impact level.CISA BOD 26-04: 60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at every mission impact level.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

October 28, 2025

Last Modified

October 19, 2026

Advisory Details (4)

Auto-updated Aug 2, 2026
Patch available.
Web page

KVM: SVM: Skip fastpath emulation on VM-Exit if next RIP isn't valid - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f994e9c790ce97d3cf01af4d0a1b9add0c955aee
Web page

KVM: SVM: Skip fastpath emulation on VM-Exit if next RIP isn't valid - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/da2a3c231f7f2a5ac146d972b8c1d7d84aff6d70
Web page

KVM: SVM: Skip fastpath emulation on VM-Exit if next RIP isn't valid - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cd3efb93677c4b0cf76348882fb429165fee33fd
Web page

KVM: SVM: Skip fastpath emulation on VM-Exit if next RIP isn't valid - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0910dd7c9ad45a2605c45fd2bf3d1bcac087687c

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-40038(2)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(16)

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(2 across 2 ecosystems)
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.12.38-1 ... 6.12.57-1~bpo12+1 (6 versions)
  • every version up to 6.12.57-1: fixed in 6.12.57-1
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.12.100-1 ... 6.17.5-1~exp1 (75 versions)
  • every version up to 6.17.6-1: fixed in 6.17.6-1
—

Additional Vendor Advisories

(15)

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 10× in last 7d / 50× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 98 of 241 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 2 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 143 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-06 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  2. 2026-11-05 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  3. 2026-11-04 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  4. 2026-11-03 17:16 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-11-03 17:16 UTCVendor advisory
  6. 2026-11-03 17:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c4m5-3mj6-4mp6 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  7. 2026-11-03 16:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  8. 2026-11-02 16:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  9. 2026-11-01 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  10. 2026-10-31 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  11. 2026-10-30 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  12. 2026-10-29 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  13. 2026-10-28 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  14. 2026-10-27 18:39 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-27 18:39 UTCVendor advisory
  16. 2026-10-27 18:39 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c4m5-3mj6-4mp6 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  17. 2026-10-27 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  18. 2026-10-26 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  19. 2026-10-25 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  20. 2026-10-25 16:28 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-24 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  22. 2026-10-23 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  23. 2026-10-22 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  24. 2026-10-21 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  25. 2026-10-20 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
Show 73 more
  1. 2026-10-19 21:27 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-10-19 21:27 UTCVendor advisory
  3. 2026-10-19 21:27 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c4m5-3mj6-4mp6 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  4. 2026-10-19 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  5. 2026-10-18 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  6. 2026-10-18 05:35 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-17 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  8. 2026-10-16 16:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  9. 2026-10-15 22:50 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-10-15 22:49 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c4m5-3mj6-4mp6 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  11. 2026-10-15 22:11 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-15 22:10 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c4m5-3mj6-4mp6 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  13. 2026-10-15 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  14. 2026-10-14 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  15. 2026-10-13 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  16. 2026-10-12 17:06 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-10-12 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  18. 2026-10-11 20:39 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-11 18:50 UTCEG score recompute
  20. 2026-10-11 15:27 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-11 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  22. 2026-10-10 19:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  23. 2026-10-09 20:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  24. 2026-10-08 17:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  25. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  26. 2026-10-06 15:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  27. 2026-10-05 17:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  28. 2026-10-04 23:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  29. 2026-10-03 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  30. 2026-10-01 19:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  31. 2026-09-30 15:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  32. 2026-09-28 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  33. 2026-09-27 02:12 UTCOSV refresh
  34. 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  35. 2026-09-26 00:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  36. 2026-09-24 14:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  37. 2026-09-23 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  38. 2026-09-20 20:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  39. 2026-09-18 19:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  40. 2026-09-17 19:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  41. 2026-09-16 14:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  42. 2026-09-16 05:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  43. 2026-09-13 16:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  44. 2026-09-12 15:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  45. 2026-09-11 14:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  46. 2026-09-11 09:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  47. 2026-09-10 09:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  48. 2026-09-08 21:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  49. 2026-09-07 16:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  50. 2026-09-07 11:18 UTCOSV refresh
  51. 2026-09-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  52. 2026-09-04 05:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  53. 2026-09-02 14:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  54. 2026-09-01 13:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  55. 2026-09-01 04:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  56. 2026-08-30 19:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  57. 2026-08-30 01:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  58. 2026-08-28 21:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  59. 2026-08-27 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  60. 2026-08-26 14:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  61. 2026-08-25 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  62. 2026-08-23 00:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  63. 2026-08-21 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  64. 2026-08-20 22:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  65. 2026-08-20 20:31 UTCOSV refresh
  66. 2026-08-19 17:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  67. 2026-08-18 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  68. 2026-08-17 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  69. 2026-08-16 14:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
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  71. 2026-08-15 01:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  72. 2026-08-13 21:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  73. 2026-08-12 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-40038?
CVE-2025-40038 is a high-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on October 28, 2025. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: SVM: Skip fastpath emulation on VM-Exit if next RIP isn't valid Skip the WRMSR and HLT fastpaths in SVM's VM-Exit handler if the next RIP isn't valid, e.g. because KVM is running with nrips=false. SVM must decode and emulate…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2025-40038 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2025-40038 was published on October 28, 2025. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 19, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2025-40038 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-40038 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.2% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (7th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-40038?
CVE-2025-40038 has a CVSS base score of 7.1 (a secondary CVSS source that NVD displays; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-40038?
A fix for CVE-2025-40038 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2025-40038 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

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