CVE-2025-39925

MEDIUMNVD 5.55.5
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score 5.5 from GitHub Security Advisory published 2025-10-01. NVD baseline CVSS 5.5; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 3 sources updated this week

Also known asEUVD-2025-32878 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-g35j-5v93-p28m (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

5.5EG
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.1%CVSS: 5.5Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

can: j1939: implement NETDEV_UNREGISTER notification handler

syzbot is reporting

unregister_netdevice: waiting for vcan0 to become free. Usage count = 2

problem, for j1939 protocol did not have NETDEV_UNREGISTER notification handler for undoing changes made by j1939_sk_bind().

Commit 25fe97cb7620 ("can: j1939: move j1939_priv_put() into sk_destruct callback") expects that a call to j1939_priv_put() can be unconditionally delayed until j1939_sk_sock_destruct() is called. But we need to call j1939_priv_put() against an extra ref held by j1939_sk_bind() call (as a part of undoing changes made by j1939_sk_bind()) as soon as NETDEV_UNREGISTER notification fires (i.e. before j1939_sk_sock_destruct() is called via j1939_sk_release()). Otherwise, the extra ref on "struct j1939_priv" held by j1939_sk_bind() call prevents "struct net_device" from dropping the usage count to 1; making it impossible for unregister_netdevice() to continue.

[mkl: remove space in front of label]

CVSS v3
5.5
EG Score
5.5MEDIUMmedium confidence
EG Risk
25
EG Risk 25/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity55% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 5.5 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.1% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at every mission impact level.
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.1%
EPSS %ILE
4th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (5.5): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 5.5 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
5.5 MEDIUMCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.1% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-24). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at every mission impact level.CISA BOD 26-04: 60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at every mission impact level.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

October 1, 2025

Last Modified

October 19, 2026

Advisory Details (6)

Auto-updated Sep 2, 2026
Patch available.
Web page

can: j1939: implement NETDEV_UNREGISTER notification handler - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7fcbe5b2c6a4b5407bf2241fdb71e0a390f6ab9a
Web page

can: j1939: implement NETDEV_UNREGISTER notification handler - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/da9e8f429139928570407e8f90559b5d46c20262
Web page

can: j1939: implement NETDEV_UNREGISTER notification handler - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4e154cb5e7681c2910e2dfa09f05e3469e333745
Web page

can: j1939: implement NETDEV_UNREGISTER notification handler - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/76957b618ce729c3bd1e782fbc9d9991af653925
Web page

can: j1939: implement NETDEV_UNREGISTER notification handler - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2c88069fac2c792e228e6a4ae71c9b9b5b9a87a6
Web page

can: j1939: implement NETDEV_UNREGISTER notification handler - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/479d8a2aedcc1db16f14c1a8a9c74b5bdf18b9ac

Patch Availability(11)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
redhatkernel-rt-0:5.14.0-70.161.1.rt21.233.el9_02026-01-14redhat
redhatkernel-rt-0:5.14.0-284.152.1.rt14.437.el9_22026-01-14redhat
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-284.152.1.el9_22026-01-14redhat
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-70.161.1.el9_02026-01-14redhat
redhatkernel-0:6.12.0-55.52.1.el10_02026-01-08redhat
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-427.104.1.el9_42026-01-07redhat
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-570.76.1.el9_62025-12-22redhat
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-611.13.1.el9_72025-12-09redhat
redhatkernel-0:6.12.0-124.20.1.el10_12025-12-09redhat
linuxKernel @ 5.15.220 (fixes >=5.4.0)—osv
linuxKernel @ 6.16.8 (fixes >=5.4.0)—osv

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(5 across 4 ecosystems)
Debian:12(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.1.106-1 ... 6.1.99-1 (56 versions)
  • every version up to 6.1.187-1: fixed in 6.1.187-1
—
linux-6.126.12.100-1~deb12u1, 6.12.101-1~deb12u1, 6.12.107-1~deb12u1
  • every version up to 6.12.111-1~deb12u1: fixed in 6.12.111-1~deb12u1
—
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux5.10.103-1 ... 7.2~rc5-1~exp1 (496 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.12.100-1 ... 6.12.96-1 (35 versions)
  • every version up to 6.12.111-1: fixed in 6.12.111-1
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.12.100-1 ... 6.16~rc7-1~exp1 (67 versions)
  • every version up to 6.16.8-1: fixed in 6.16.8-1
—

Additional Vendor Advisories

(1)

Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 9× in last 7d / 40× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 98 of 185 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 2 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 87 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-30 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 4th percentile
  2. 2026-10-29 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 4th percentile
  3. 2026-10-28 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 4th percentile
  4. 2026-10-28 13:25 UTCOSV refresh
  5. 2026-10-27 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 4th percentile
  6. 2026-10-26 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 4th percentile
  7. 2026-10-25 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 4th percentile
  8. 2026-10-25 16:28 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-24 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  10. 2026-10-23 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  11. 2026-10-22 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  12. 2026-10-21 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  13. 2026-10-20 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  14. 2026-10-19 21:45 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-19 21:45 UTCVendor advisory
  16. 2026-10-19 21:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g35j-5v93-p28m · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  17. 2026-10-19 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  18. 2026-10-18 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  19. 2026-10-18 05:35 UTCEG score recompute
  20. 2026-10-17 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
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  24. 2026-10-13 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  25. 2026-10-12 17:06 UTCEG score recompute
Show 73 more
  1. 2026-10-12 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  2. 2026-10-11 20:39 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-10-11 18:50 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-11 15:27 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-11 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  6. 2026-10-11 04:31 UTCOSV refresh
  7. 2026-10-10 19:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  8. 2026-10-09 20:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  9. 2026-10-08 17:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  10. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
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  13. 2026-10-04 23:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  14. 2026-10-03 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  15. 2026-10-01 19:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  16. 2026-09-30 15:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  17. 2026-09-28 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  18. 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
  19. 2026-09-26 00:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
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  21. 2026-09-23 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 4th percentile
  22. 2026-09-21 16:49 UTCOSV refresh
  23. 2026-09-20 20:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 4th percentile
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  26. 2026-09-16 14:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 4th percentile
  27. 2026-09-16 05:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 4th percentile
  28. 2026-09-13 16:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 4th percentile
  29. 2026-09-12 15:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 4th percentile
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  37. 2026-09-02 14:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  38. 2026-09-02 13:46 UTCVendor advisory
  39. 2026-09-02 13:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g35j-5v93-p28m · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  40. 2026-09-02 12:56 UTCEG score recompute
  41. 2026-09-02 12:56 UTCVendor advisory
  42. 2026-09-02 12:56 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g35j-5v93-p28m · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  43. 2026-09-01 13:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  44. 2026-09-01 04:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  45. 2026-08-30 19:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
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  50. 2026-08-25 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  51. 2026-08-25 02:56 UTCOSV refresh
  52. 2026-08-21 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  53. 2026-08-20 22:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  54. 2026-08-19 17:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
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  61. 2026-08-09 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  62. 2026-08-08 20:19 UTCOSV refresh
  63. 2026-08-08 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  64. 2026-08-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-39925?
CVE-2025-39925 is a medium-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on October 1, 2025. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: can: j1939: implement NETDEV_UNREGISTER notification handler syzbot is reporting unregister_netdevice: waiting for vcan0 to become free. Usage count = 2 problem, for j1939 protocol did not have NETDEV_UNREGISTER notification…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2025-39925 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2025-39925 was published on October 1, 2025. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 19, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2025-39925 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-39925 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.1% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (4th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-39925?
CVE-2025-39925 has a CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-39925?
A fix for CVE-2025-39925 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2025-39925 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

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