CVE-2025-30156

HIGHPre-NVD 8.98.9
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

This high-severity CVE scores 8.9 under a secondary CVSS source (NVD's own analysis pending). EPSS exploit probability: <0.1% (below the 1st percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). No GitHub Security Advisory CVSS is on record for this CVE.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from a secondary CVSS source
Sources: EPSS, a secondary CVSS source
Trending — Patch released this week
8.9EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: <0.1%CVSS: 8.9Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

Ceph is an open-source distributed storage platform providing object, block, and file storage. In versions prior to 20.2.4 and 19.2.6, the CephX authentication protocol encrypts tickets with AES-128-CBC in an unauthenticated mode that uses a hard-coded initialization vector and no message authentication, allowing an attacker to forge credentials and gain cluster-wide access. Because the ciphertext is malleable and the monitor will encrypt attacker-chosen entity names, an attacker holding one low-privilege key and able to observe CephX traffic can use the monitor as an encryption oracle and splice ciphertext blocks into valid tickets for privileged entities such as Manager, MDS, and OSD. The same lack of authentication also lets an attacker with CephX permissions escalate privileges by flipping a single bit in a service ticket to set its allow_all field to true. This issue is fixed in versions 20.2.4 and 19.2.6.

CVSS v3
8.9
EG Score
8.9HIGHmedium confidence
EG Risk
40
EG Risk 40/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity89% × 45%
The EG Score, 8.9 of 10.
Exploitation<0.1% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
<0.1%
EPSS %ILE
below the 1st
KEV
Not listed

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

August 27, 2026

Last Modified

September 8, 2026

Advisory Details (3)

Auto-updated Aug 27, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github, github_commit.
GitHub commit

commit 3078188a7bdd (ceph/ceph)

Fix landed in ceph/ceph commit 3078188a7bdd — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/ceph/ceph/commit/3078188a7bdd89e2975280f2a906c71c2f6effd6
GitHub commit

commit 2ba086255de0 (ceph/ceph)

Fix landed in ceph/ceph commit 2ba086255de0 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/ceph/ceph/commit/2ba086255de09c8b95177717cc7e9dd4377e2f0f
GitHub advisoryMentions a patch (unverified)

AES-CBC misuse in CephX facilitating authentication bypass · Advisory · ceph/ceph · GitHub

https://github.com/ceph/ceph/security/advisories/GHSA-7q3q-3975-qw3q

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-30156(8)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(7)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
redhatceph-2:19.2.1-423.el9cp2026-10-08redhat
redhatrhceph/rhceph-8-rhel9:17911769902026-10-08redhat
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-427.132.1.el9_42026-06-22redhat
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-570.123.1.el9_62026-06-22redhat
redhatkernel-0:6.12.0-55.82.1.el10_02026-06-22redhat
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-687.5.1.el9_82026-05-19redhat
redhatkernel-0:6.12.0-211.7.1.el10_22026-05-19redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(3 across 3 ecosystems)
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
ceph16.2.11+ds-2 ... 20.2.4+ds-1 (63 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
ceph18.2.7+ds-1 ... 20.2.4+ds-1 (20 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
ceph18.2.7+ds-1 ... 20.2.2+ds-9 (18 versions)
  • every version up to 20.2.4+ds-1: fixed in 20.2.4+ds-1
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 18× in last 7d / 91× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 99 of 138 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 1 repeat row among the latest 100 is merged into the row it repeats. The 39 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-13 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  2. 2026-10-12 17:13 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-10-12 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  4. 2026-10-11 20:45 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-11 18:55 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-11 15:33 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-11 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  8. 2026-10-10 19:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  9. 2026-10-10 12:40 UTCVendor advisory
  10. 2026-10-10 01:45 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-10 01:45 UTCVendor advisory
  12. 2026-10-09 20:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  13. 2026-10-09 02:55 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-10-09 02:55 UTCVendor advisory
  15. 2026-10-08 17:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  16. 2026-10-08 01:13 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-10-08 01:13 UTCVendor advisory
  18. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  19. 2026-10-07 09:53 UTCVendor advisory
  20. 2026-10-06 22:40 UTCVendor advisory
  21. 2026-10-06 11:46 UTCVendor advisory
  22. 2026-10-06 00:51 UTCVendor advisory
  23. 2026-10-05 12:19 UTCVendor advisory
  24. 2026-10-05 01:23 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-10-05 01:23 UTCVendor advisory
Show 74 more
  1. 2026-10-04 23:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  2. 2026-10-04 13:56 UTCVendor advisory
  3. 2026-10-04 03:02 UTCVendor advisory
  4. 2026-10-03 16:02 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-03 16:02 UTCVendor advisory
  6. 2026-10-03 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  7. 2026-10-03 04:38 UTCVendor advisory
  8. 2026-10-02 17:42 UTCVendor advisory
  9. 2026-10-02 06:46 UTCVendor advisory
  10. 2026-10-01 19:52 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-01 19:52 UTCVendor advisory
  12. 2026-10-01 19:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  13. 2026-10-01 06:52 UTCVendor advisory
  14. 2026-09-30 19:53 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-09-30 19:53 UTCVendor advisory
  16. 2026-09-30 15:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  17. 2026-09-30 04:53 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-09-30 04:53 UTCVendor advisory
  19. 2026-09-29 15:19 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  20. 2026-09-29 12:26 UTCVendor advisory
  21. 2026-09-29 01:32 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-09-29 01:32 UTCVendor advisory
  23. 2026-09-28 14:38 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-09-28 14:38 UTCVendor advisory
  25. 2026-09-28 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  26. 2026-09-28 03:44 UTCVendor advisory
  27. 2026-09-27 16:42 UTCVendor advisory
  28. 2026-09-27 05:48 UTCVendor advisory
  29. 2026-09-26 18:23 UTCEG score recompute
  30. 2026-09-26 18:23 UTCVendor advisory
  31. 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  32. 2026-09-25 09:02 UTCVendor advisory
  33. 2026-09-24 22:08 UTCEG score recompute
  34. 2026-09-24 22:08 UTCVendor advisory
  35. 2026-09-24 14:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  36. 2026-09-24 10:45 UTCVendor advisory
  37. 2026-09-23 23:51 UTCEG score recompute
  38. 2026-09-23 23:51 UTCVendor advisory
  39. 2026-09-23 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  40. 2026-09-23 12:56 UTCVendor advisory
  41. 2026-09-23 02:01 UTCVendor advisory
  42. 2026-09-22 15:06 UTCEG score recompute
  43. 2026-09-22 15:06 UTCVendor advisory
  44. 2026-09-22 04:13 UTCEG score recompute
  45. 2026-09-22 04:13 UTCVendor advisory
  46. 2026-09-21 17:18 UTCVendor advisory
  47. 2026-09-21 06:07 UTCVendor advisory
  48. 2026-09-20 19:13 UTCVendor advisory
  49. 2026-09-20 08:19 UTCVendor advisory
  50. 2026-09-19 20:57 UTCVendor advisory
  51. 2026-09-19 10:01 UTCVendor advisory
  52. 2026-09-18 22:46 UTCVendor advisory
  53. 2026-09-18 11:52 UTCVendor advisory
  54. 2026-09-18 00:58 UTCEG score recompute
  55. 2026-09-18 00:58 UTCVendor advisory
  56. 2026-09-17 14:04 UTCVendor advisory
  57. 2026-09-17 03:10 UTCVendor advisory
  58. 2026-09-16 15:39 UTCEG score recompute
  59. 2026-09-16 15:39 UTCVendor advisory
  60. 2026-09-16 14:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  61. 2026-09-16 05:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  62. 2026-09-16 04:33 UTCVendor advisory
  63. 2026-09-15 17:30 UTCVendor advisory
  64. 2026-09-15 06:35 UTCEG score recompute
  65. 2026-09-15 06:35 UTCVendor advisory
  66. 2026-09-14 19:40 UTCVendor advisory
  67. 2026-09-14 08:45 UTCVendor advisory
  68. 2026-09-13 21:51 UTCEG score recompute
  69. 2026-09-13 21:51 UTCVendor advisory
  70. 2026-09-13 16:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  71. 2026-09-13 10:57 UTCVendor advisory
  72. 2026-09-13 00:02 UTCEG score recompute
  73. 2026-09-13 00:02 UTCVendor advisory
  74. 2026-09-12 15:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile

Related CVEs(same product + same vendor + same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-30156?
CVE-2025-30156 is a high-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on August 27, 2026. Ceph is an open-source distributed storage platform providing object, block, and file storage. In versions prior to 20.2.4 and 19.2.6, the CephX authentication protocol encrypts tickets with AES-128-CBC in an unauthenticated mode that uses a hard-coded initialization vector and no message…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2025-30156 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2025-30156 was published on August 27, 2026. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of September 8, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2025-30156 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-30156 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a <0.1% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (below the 1st percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-30156?
CVE-2025-30156 has a CVSS base score of 8.9 (a secondary CVSS source that NVD displays; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-30156?
A fix for CVE-2025-30156 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2025-30156 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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