CVE-2025-21865

MEDIUMPre-NVD 5.55.5—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

Score 5.5 from GitHub Security Advisory published 2025-03-12. CISA-ADP (Vulnrichment) CVSS v3.1 baseline 5.5; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: cisa-adp, epss, ghsa
5.5EG
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorLow exploitation likelihood right now — keep watching.
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0%CVSS: 5.5Exploit: None knownExposed: 0

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

gtp: Suppress list corruption splat in gtp_net_exit_batch_rtnl().

Brad Spengler reported the list_del() corruption splat in gtp_net_exit_batch_rtnl(). [0]

Commit eb28fd76c0a0 ("gtp: Destroy device along with udp socket's netns dismantle.") added the for_each_netdev() loop in gtp_net_exit_batch_rtnl() to destroy devices in each netns as done in geneve and ip tunnels.

However, this could trigger ->dellink() twice for the same device during ->exit_batch_rtnl().

Say we have two netns A & B and gtp device B that resides in netns B but whose UDP socket is in netns A.

  • cleanup_net() processes netns A and then B.
  • gtp_net_exit_batch_rtnl() finds the device B while iterating
netns A's gn->gtp_dev_list and calls ->dellink().

[ device B is not yet unlinked from netns B as unregister_netdevice_many() has not been called. ]

  • gtp_net_exit_batch_rtnl() finds the device B while iterating
netns B's for_each_netdev() and calls ->dellink().

gtp_dellink() cleans up the device's hash table, unlinks the dev from gn->gtp_dev_list, and calls unregister_netdevice_queue().

Basically, calling gtp_dellink() multiple times is fine unless CONFIG_DEBUG_LIST is enabled.

Let's remove for_each_netdev() in gtp_net_exit_batch_rtnl() and delegate the destruction to default_device_exit_batch() as done in bareudp.

[0]: list_del corruption, ffff8880aaa62c00->next (autoslab_size_M_dev_P_net_core_dev_11127_8_1328_8_S_4096_A_64_n_139+0xc00/0x1000 [slab object]) is LIST_POISON1 (ffffffffffffff02) (prev is 0xffffffffffffff04) kernel BUG at lib/list_debug.c:58! Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP KASAN CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 1804 Comm: kworker/u8:7 Tainted: G T 6.12.13-grsec-full-20250211091339 #1 Tainted: [T]=RANDSTRUCT Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.15.0-1 04/01/2014 Workqueue: netns cleanup_net RIP: 0010:[] __list_del_entry_valid_or_report+0x141/0x200 lib/list_debug.c:58 Code: c2 76 91 31 c0 e8 9f b1 f7 fc 0f 0b 4d 89 f0 48 c7 c1 02 ff ff ff 48 89 ea 48 89 ee 48 c7 c7 e0 c2 76 91 31 c0 e8 7f b1 f7 fc <0f> 0b 4d 89 e8 48 c7 c1 04 ff ff ff 48 89 ea 48 89 ee 48 c7 c7 60 RSP: 0018:fffffe8040b4fbd0 EFLAGS: 00010283 RAX: 00000000000000cc RBX: dffffc0000000000 RCX: ffffffff818c4054 RDX: ffffffff84947381 RSI: ffffffff818d1512 RDI: 0000000000000000 RBP: ffff8880aaa62c00 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: fffffbd008169f32 R10: fffffe8040b4f997 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: a1988d84f24943e4 R13: ffffffffffffff02 R14: ffffffffffffff04 R15: ffff8880aaa62c08 RBX: kasan shadow of 0x0 RCX: __wake_up_klogd.part.0+0x74/0xe0 kernel/printk/printk.c:4554 RDX: __list_del_entry_valid_or_report+0x141/0x200 lib/list_debug.c:58 RSI: vprintk+0x72/0x100 kernel/printk/printk_safe.c:71 RBP: autoslab_size_M_dev_P_net_core_dev_11127_8_1328_8_S_4096_A_64_n_139+0xc00/0x1000 [slab object] RSP: process kstack fffffe8040b4fbd0+0x7bd0/0x8000 [kworker/u8:7+netns 1804 ] R09: kasan shadow of process kstack fffffe8040b4f990+0x7990/0x8000 [kworker/u8:7+netns 1804 ] R10: process kstack fffffe8040b4f997+0x7997/0x8000 [kworker/u8:7+netns 1804 ] R15: autoslab_size_M_dev_P_net_core_dev_11127_8_1328_8_S_4096_A_64_n_139+0xc08/0x1000 [slab object] FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff888116000000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 0000748f5372c000 CR3: 0000000015408000 CR4: 00000000003406f0 shadow CR4: 00000000003406f0 Stack: 0000000000000000 ffffffff8a0c35e7 ffffffff8a0c3603 ffff8880aaa62c00 ffff8880aaa62c00 0000000000000004 ffff88811145311c 0000000000000005 0000000000000001 ffff8880aaa62000 fffffe8040b4fd40 ffffffff8a0c360d Call Trace: [] __list_del_entry_valid include/linux/list.h:131 [inline] fffffe8040b4fc28 [] __list_del_entry include/linux/list.h:248 [inline] fffffe8040b4fc28 [] list_del include/linux/list.h:262 [inl ---truncated---

CVSS v3
5.5
EG Score
5.5(medium)
EG Risk
25(Track)
EG Risk 25/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity55% × 45%
Exploitation0% × 40%
Automatability0% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS PROB
0%
EPSS %ILE
12%
KEV
Not listed

Published

March 12, 2025

Last Modified

July 14, 2026

References (8)

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-21865(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(31)

Vendor / EcosystemFixed in / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-20.04-edge (5.15.0.140.135) @ jammy2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-gcp-lts-22.04 (5.15.0.1083.79) @ jammy2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-gcp-edge (5.15.0.1083.92~20.04.1) @ focal2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-fips (5.15.0.140.80) @ jammy2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-fips (5.4.0.1151.88) @ focal2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-gcp-fips (5.15.0.1083.73) @ jammy2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-18.04-edge (5.4.0.216.208) @ focal2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-gcp-fips (5.4.0.1149.91) @ focal2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-xilinx-zynqmp-tools-5.4.0-1064 (5.4.0-1064.68) @ focal2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-gke-5.15 (5.15.0.1081.80) @ jammy2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-aws (6.11.0-1014.15) @ oracular2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-24.04-edge (6.11.0-26.26) @ oracular2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-nvidia-tegra-rt (5.15.0.1037.37) @ jammy2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-ibm-edge (5.4.0.1092.97~18.04.1) @ bionic2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-kvm (5.4.0.1133.129) @ focal2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-fips (5.15.0.1089.74) @ jammy2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-realtime (5.15.0.1084.88) @ jammy2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-ibm-lts-20.04 (5.4.0.1092.121) @ focal2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-18.04-edge (5.4.0.216.236~18.04.1) @ bionic2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-bluefield (5.4.0.1105.101) @ focal2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oracle-edge (5.4.0.1144.154~18.04.1) @ bionic2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-raspi-nolpae (5.15.0.1078.76) @ jammy2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oracle-64k (6.11.0-1016.17) @ oracular2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-20.04-edge (5.15.0.142.152~20.04.1) @ focal2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-aws-edge (5.15.0.1084.91~20.04.1) @ focal2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-aws-lts-20.04 (5.4.0.1146.143) @ focal2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-raspi2-hwe-18.04-edge (5.4.0.1129.160) @ focal2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-aws-edge (5.4.0.1146.156~18.04.1) @ bionic2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-aws-fips (5.15.0.1084.80) @ jammy2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-fips (5.4.0.1120.117) @ focal2026-05-21ubuntu
linuxKernel @ 5.4.291—osv

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(24)

Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 7× in last 7d / 40× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 141 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-08-07 16:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-08-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-08-05 19:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-08-04 15:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-08-04 10:37 UTCEPSS rescore
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  7. 2026-08-02 02:25 UTCEPSS rescore
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  9. 2026-07-30 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-07-30 01:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-07-28 15:35 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-07-28 00:25 UTCOSV refresh
  13. 2026-07-27 14:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-07-26 14:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-07-25 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-07-23 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-07-23 02:50 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-07-22 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-07-22 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-07-21 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-07-20 17:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-07-19 14:30 UTCEPSS rescore
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  24. 2026-07-19 02:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-07-19 02:28 UTCEPSS rescore
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  1. 2026-07-18 10:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-07-16 17:02 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-07-15 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-07-13 22:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-07-13 22:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-07-13 06:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-07-13 06:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-07-12 05:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-07-12 05:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-07-11 08:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-07-11 08:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-07-10 16:52 UTCOSV refresh
  15. 2026-07-09 19:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-07-08 15:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-07-07 13:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-07-06 16:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-07-06 02:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-07-06 02:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-07-05 02:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-07-04 06:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-07-01 15:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-06-30 23:21 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-06-30 23:21 UTCEPSS rescore
  26. 2026-06-29 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-06-28 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  28. 2026-06-28 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  29. 2026-06-28 04:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  30. 2026-06-28 04:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  31. 2026-06-27 03:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  32. 2026-06-27 03:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  33. 2026-06-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
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  35. 2026-06-24 14:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  36. 2026-06-24 14:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  37. 2026-06-23 21:32 UTCEPSS rescore
  38. 2026-06-23 21:32 UTCEPSS rescore
  39. 2026-06-22 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  40. 2026-06-22 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  41. 2026-06-22 00:25 UTCOSV refresh
  42. 2026-06-21 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  43. 2026-06-21 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  44. 2026-06-21 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  45. 2026-06-21 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  46. 2026-06-19 19:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  47. 2026-06-19 19:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  48. 2026-06-18 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  49. 2026-06-18 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  50. 2026-06-17 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  51. 2026-06-16 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  52. 2026-06-16 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  53. 2026-06-15 17:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  54. 2026-06-14 23:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  55. 2026-06-12 23:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  56. 2026-06-11 13:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  57. 2026-06-10 22:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  58. 2026-06-10 13:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  59. 2026-06-08 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  60. 2026-06-08 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  61. 2026-06-07 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  62. 2026-06-07 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  63. 2026-06-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  64. 2026-06-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  65. 2026-06-05 22:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  66. 2026-06-05 22:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  67. 2026-06-05 06:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  68. 2026-06-05 06:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  69. 2026-06-04 13:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  70. 2026-06-04 13:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  71. 2026-06-03 16:09 UTCOSV refresh
  72. 2026-06-02 20:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  73. 2026-06-02 20:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  74. 2026-06-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  75. 2026-06-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore

Related CVEs(same product + same vendor + same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-21865?
CVE-2025-21865 is a medium vulnerability published on March 12, 2025. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: gtp: Suppress list corruption splat in gtpnetexitbatchrtnl(). Brad Spengler reported the list_del() corruption splat in gtpnetexitbatchrtnl(). [0] Commit eb28fd76c0a0 ("gtp: Destroy device along with udp socket's netns dismantle.")…
When was CVE-2025-21865 disclosed?
CVE-2025-21865 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on March 12, 2025, with the most recent update on July 14, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2025-21865 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-21865 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 88.2% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-21865?
CVE-2025-21865 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.5 (CISA-ADP / Vulnrichment enrichment; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-21865?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2025-21865, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

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