CVE-2025-11468

MEDIUMNVD 5.75.7
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

This medium-severity CVE scores 5.7 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.6% (48th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). No GitHub Security Advisory CVSS is on record for this CVE.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from NVD CVSS v3
Sources: EPSS, NVD CVSS v3
5.7EG
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.6%CVSS: 5.7Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

When folding a long comment in an email header containing exclusively unfoldable characters, the parenthesis would not be preserved. This could be used for injecting headers into email messages where addresses are user-controlled and not sanitized.

CVSS v3
5.7
EG Score
5.7MEDIUMmedium confidence
EG Risk
26
EG Risk 26/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity57% × 45%
The EG Score, 5.7 of 10.
Exploitation0.6% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at every mission impact level.
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.6%
EPSS %ILE
48th
KEV
Not listed

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at every mission impact level.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

January 20, 2026

Last Modified

June 17, 2026

Advisory Details (9)

Auto-updated Aug 8, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github_commit, github_pr.
Web page

Mailman 3 [CVE-2025-11468] Folding email comments of unfoldable characters doesn't preserve parenthesis - Security-announce - python.org

https://mail.python.org/archives/list/[email protected]/thread/FELSEOLBI2QR6YLG6Q7VYF7FWSGQTKLI/
GitHub pull request

gh-143935: Email preserve parens when folding comments

Fix merged in python/cpython PR #143936 on 2026-01-19 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/python/cpython/pull/143936
Web page

Fix folding of long comments of unfoldable characters in email headers · Issue #143935 · python/cpython · GitHub

https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/143935
GitHub commit

commit f73838683802 (python/cpython)

Fix landed in python/cpython commit f73838683802 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/f738386838021c762efea6c9802c82de65e87796
GitHub commit

commit e9970f077240 (python/cpython)

Fix landed in python/cpython commit e9970f077240 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/e9970f077240c7c670e8a6fc6662f2b30d3b6ad0
GitHub commit

commit a76e4cd62dd6 (python/cpython)

Fix landed in python/cpython commit a76e4cd62dd6 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/a76e4cd62dd68e7cbe86e37e6ed988495a646b66
GitHub commit

commit 61614a5e5056 (python/cpython)

Fix landed in python/cpython commit 61614a5e5056 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/61614a5e5056e4f61ced65008d4576f3df34acb6
GitHub commit

commit 17d1490aa97b (python/cpython)

Fix landed in python/cpython commit 17d1490aa97b — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/17d1490aa97bd6b98a42b1a9b324ead84e7fd8a2
GitHub commit

commit 003b8315669b (python/cpython)

Fix landed in python/cpython commit 003b8315669b — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/003b8315669b9f08b1010a49071f73f15f818094

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-11468(4)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(5)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntupython3.9-venv (3.9.5-3ubuntu0~20.04.1+esm9) @ focal2026-06-08ubuntu
redhatpython3-11-main-3.11.15-4.hum12026-04-17redhat
redhatpython3-12-main-3.12.13-3.hum12026-04-17redhat
redhatpython3-14-main-3.14.4-1.hum12026-04-11redhat
redhatpython3-13-main-3.13.13-1.hum12026-04-10redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(9 across 4 ecosystems)
Debian:14(3)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
pypy37.3.19+dfsg-2, 7.3.20+dfsg-1, 7.3.20+dfsg-2, 7.3.20+dfsg-3, 7.3.20+dfsg-4
  • every version up to 7.3.21+dfsg-1: fixed in 7.3.21+dfsg-1
—
python3.133.13.11-1 ... 3.13.9-1 (6 versions)
  • every version up to 3.13.12-1: fixed in 3.13.12-1
—
python3.143.14.0-1 ... 3.14.2-1 (14 versions)
  • every version up to 3.14.3-1: fixed in 3.14.3-1
—
Debian:11(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
pypy37.3.10+dfsg-1 ... 7.3.9+dfsg-5 (53 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
python3.93.9.2-1, 3.9.2-1+deb11u1, 3.9.2-1+deb11u2, 3.9.2-1+deb11u3, 3.9.2-1+deb11u4
  • every version up to 3.9.2-1+deb11u5: fixed in 3.9.2-1+deb11u5
—
Debian:12(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
pypy37.3.11+dfsg-2 ... 7.3.23+dfsg-1 (29 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
python3.113.11.2-6 ... 3.11.2-6+deb12u6 (7 versions)
  • every version up to 3.11.2-6+deb12u7: fixed in 3.11.2-6+deb12u7
—
Debian:13(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
pypy37.3.19+dfsg-2 ... 7.3.23+dfsg-1 (11 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
python3.133.13.5-2
  • every version up to 3.13.5-2+deb13u1: fixed in 3.13.5-2+deb13u1
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(1)

Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 11× in last 7d / 32× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 96 of 223 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 4 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 127 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-15 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  2. 2026-10-14 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  3. 2026-10-13 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  4. 2026-10-12 17:26 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-12 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  6. 2026-10-11 20:56 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-11 19:06 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-11 15:47 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-11 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  10. 2026-10-10 19:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  11. 2026-10-09 20:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  12. 2026-10-08 20:25 UTCOSV refresh
  13. 2026-10-08 17:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  14. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  15. 2026-10-06 15:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  16. 2026-10-05 17:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  17. 2026-10-04 23:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  18. 2026-10-03 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  19. 2026-10-01 19:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  20. 2026-09-30 15:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  21. 2026-09-29 15:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  22. 2026-09-28 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  23. 2026-09-27 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  24. 2026-09-26 15:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  25. 2026-09-24 14:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
Show 71 more
  1. 2026-09-23 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  2. 2026-09-22 14:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  3. 2026-09-19 15:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  4. 2026-09-19 02:36 UTCOSV refresh
  5. 2026-09-18 19:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  6. 2026-09-16 14:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  7. 2026-09-16 05:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  8. 2026-09-15 03:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  9. 2026-09-13 16:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  10. 2026-09-12 14:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  11. 2026-09-11 14:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  12. 2026-09-11 09:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  13. 2026-09-10 09:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  14. 2026-09-07 16:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  15. 2026-09-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  16. 2026-09-04 13:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  17. 2026-09-04 05:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  18. 2026-09-02 14:10 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  19. 2026-09-01 13:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  20. 2026-08-31 06:19 UTCOSV refresh
  21. 2026-08-30 19:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  22. 2026-08-30 01:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  23. 2026-08-28 21:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  24. 2026-08-27 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  25. 2026-08-26 14:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  26. 2026-08-25 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  27. 2026-08-24 14:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  28. 2026-08-23 00:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  29. 2026-08-21 23:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  30. 2026-08-20 22:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  31. 2026-08-19 17:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 44th percentile
  32. 2026-08-18 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  33. 2026-08-17 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  34. 2026-08-16 14:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  35. 2026-08-16 02:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  36. 2026-08-15 01:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  37. 2026-08-14 13:26 UTCEG score recompute
  38. 2026-08-14 13:26 UTCVendor advisory
  39. 2026-08-14 13:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-39h2-3mq3-959g
  40. 2026-08-13 21:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  41. 2026-08-12 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  42. 2026-08-10 23:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  43. 2026-08-09 19:07 UTCEG score recompute
  44. 2026-08-09 19:07 UTCVendor advisory
  45. 2026-08-09 19:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-39h2-3mq3-959g
  46. 2026-08-09 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  47. 2026-08-08 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  48. 2026-08-08 00:09 UTCEG score recompute
  49. 2026-08-08 00:09 UTCVendor advisory
  50. 2026-08-08 00:09 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-39h2-3mq3-959g
  51. 2026-08-07 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  52. 2026-08-06 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  53. 2026-08-06 05:24 UTCEG score recompute
  54. 2026-08-06 05:24 UTCVendor advisory
  55. 2026-08-06 05:24 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-39h2-3mq3-959g
  56. 2026-08-05 19:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  57. 2026-08-04 15:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  58. 2026-08-04 10:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  59. 2026-08-03 10:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  60. 2026-08-02 22:46 UTCEG score recompute
  61. 2026-08-02 22:46 UTCVendor advisory
  62. 2026-08-02 22:46 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-39h2-3mq3-959g
  63. 2026-08-02 02:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  64. 2026-08-01 04:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  65. 2026-07-31 21:42 UTCOSV refresh
  66. 2026-07-30 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  67. 2026-07-30 01:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  68. 2026-07-28 15:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  69. 2026-07-27 14:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  70. 2026-07-26 14:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  71. 2026-07-25 14:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile

Related CVEs(same product + same vendor + same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-11468?
CVE-2025-11468 is a medium-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on January 20, 2026. When folding a long comment in an email header containing exclusively unfoldable characters, the parenthesis would not be preserved. This could be used for injecting headers into email messages where addresses are user-controlled and not sanitized.
When was the CVE record for CVE-2025-11468 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2025-11468 was published on January 20, 2026. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of June 17, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2025-11468 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-11468 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.6% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (48th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-11468?
CVE-2025-11468 has a CVSS v3 base score of 5.7 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-11468?
A fix for CVE-2025-11468 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2025-11468 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

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