There is a buffer over-read in Ruby before 2.6.10, 2.7.x before 2.7.6, 3.x before 3.0.4, and 3.1.x before 3.1.2. It occurs in String-to-Float conversion, including Kernel#Float and String#to_f.
CVE-2022-28739
“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.
Score 7.5 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2022-05-10. NVD baseline CVSS 7.5; sources differ by 0.0.
- High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
A fix is available — apply it.
- CVSS v3
- 7.5
- EG Score
- 7.5HIGHmedium confidence
- EG Risk
- 35EG Risk 35/100
EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.
How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)Severity75% × 45%Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 7.5 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.Exploitation4.4% × 40%FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.Automatability0% × 15%CISA's BOD 26-04 default: no one has published Automatable for this CVE, and CISA treats it as “no” for a CVE not in KEV.SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).Exploitation none (no CISA value, KEV listing or exploit code on record) · Automatable no (CISA's BOD 26-04 default) · Technical impact total (CISA's BOD 26-04 default). EchelonGraph holds no SSVC assessment of this CVE from CISA: none of these inputs is from Vulnrichment. EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines. - EPSS PROB
- 4.4%
- EPSS %ILE
- 91st
- KEV
- Not listed
What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)
The EG score (7.5): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 7.5 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.
- EG Severity
- 7.5 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
- EG Likelihood
- 4.4% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-20). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
- Confirmed exploitation
- None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
- EG Priority
- SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
Exploitation none (no CISA value, KEV listing or exploit code on record) · Automatable no (CISA's BOD 26-04 default) · Technical impact total (CISA's BOD 26-04 default). EchelonGraph holds no SSVC assessment of this CVE from CISA: none of these inputs is from Vulnrichment. EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table
BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.
In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA's BOD 26-04 default) · Technical impact total (CISA's BOD 26-04 default). Where an input reads “CISA's BOD 26-04 default”, no one has published it for this CVE, and CISA's implementation guidance says: “If “Automatable” and “Technical Impact” information items about a CVE ID are not available and the CVE ID is not in the KEV Catalog, CISA will treat its values as “no” and “total,” respectively, until CISA or a third party provides metadata about the CVE ID. CISA will always provide the Vulnrichment data for a CVE ID listed in the KEV Catalog.” Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it
Published
May 9, 2022
Last Modified
November 4, 2025
References (15)
- MITRE · CVE Programhttp://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/28
- MITRE · CVE Programhttp://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/29
- MITRE · CVE Programhttp://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/30
- MITRE · CVE Programhttp://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/41Mailing List · Third Party Advisory
- MITRE · CVE Programhttp://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/42
- MITRE · CVE Programhttps://hackerone.com/reports/1248108Permissions Required · Third Party Advisory
- MITRE · CVE Programhttps://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/06/msg00012.html
- MITRE · CVE Programhttps://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2022-28739Third Party Advisory
- MITRE · CVE Programhttps://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202401-27
- MITRE · CVE Programhttps://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20220624-0002/Third Party Advisory
- MITRE · CVE Programhttps://support.apple.com/kb/HT213488Third Party Advisory
- MITRE · CVE Programhttps://support.apple.com/kb/HT213493Third Party Advisory
- MITRE · CVE Programhttps://support.apple.com/kb/HT213494Third Party Advisory
- MITRE · CVE Programhttps://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2022/04/12/buffer-overrun-in-string-to-float-cve-2022-28739/Vendor Advisory
- CVE Programhttps://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/09/msg00000.html
Vendor Advisories for CVE-2022-28739(4)
These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.
- RHSA-2026:8838Red Hat Product SecurityMedium
Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Hardened Images RPMs bug fix and enhancement update
- RHSA-2026:7307Red Hat Product SecurityMedium
Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Hardened Images RPMs bug fix and enhancement update
- RHSA-2026:7305Red Hat Product SecurityMedium
Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Hardened Images RPMs bug fix and enhancement update
- CVE-2022-28739Microsoft Security Response Center (MSRC)High
There is a buffer over-read in Ruby before 2.6.10 2.7.x before 2.7.6 3.x before 3.0.4 and 3.1.x before 3.1.2. It occurs in String-to-Float conversion including Kernel#Float and String#to_f.
Patch Availability(12)
| Vendor / Ecosystem | Fix (by version range) / Patch | Released | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| ubuntu | libruby2.7 (2.7.4-1ubuntu3.2) @ impish | 2026-10-21 | ubuntu |
| ubuntu | ruby2.3-doc (2.3.1-2~ubuntu16.04.16+esm3) @ xenial | 2026-10-21 | ubuntu |
| redhat | ruby4-0-main-4.0.0-33.3.hum1 | 2026-04-17 | redhat |
| redhat | ruby3-3-main-3.3.10-23.1.hum1 | 2026-04-09 | redhat |
| redhat | ruby3-4-main-3.4.8-31.1.hum1 | 2026-04-09 | redhat |
| redhat | ruby:2.5-8090020230627084142.b46abd14 | 2023-11-14 | redhat |
| redhat | rh-ruby30-ruby-0:3.0.4-149.el7 | 2022-10-11 | redhat |
| redhat | rh-ruby27-ruby-0:2.7.6-131.el7 | 2022-10-11 | redhat |
| redhat | ruby-0:3.0.4-160.el9_0 | 2022-09-20 | redhat |
| redhat | ruby:3.0-8060020220810162001.ad008a3a | 2022-09-13 | redhat |
| redhat | ruby:2.7-8060020220728151401.ad008a3a | 2022-09-13 | redhat |
| redhat | ruby:2.6-8060020220527104428.ad008a3a | 2022-06-30 | redhat |
Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.
Affected Packages
(15 across 15 ecosystems)
Alpine:v3.12(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| ruby | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.13(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| ruby | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.14(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| ruby | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.15(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| ruby | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.16(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| ruby | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.17(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| ruby | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.18(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| ruby | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.19(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| ruby | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.20(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| ruby | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.21(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| ruby | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.22(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| ruby | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.23(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| ruby | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.24(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| ruby | — |
| — |
Debian:10(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| ruby2.5 | 2.5.5-3 ... 2.5.5-3+deb10u5 (6 versions) |
| — |
Debian:11(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| ruby2.7 | 2.7.4-1, 2.7.4-1+deb11u1 |
| — |
Weakness Classification(1)
MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.
Additional Vendor Advisories
(9)
Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.
- Red HatRHSA-2022:5338MODERATE2022-04-14
RHSA-2022:5338 — Moderate
- Red HatRHSA-2022:6447MODERATE2022-04-14
RHSA-2022:6447 — Moderate
- Red HatRHSA-2022:6450MODERATE2022-04-14
RHSA-2022:6450 — Moderate
- Red HatRHSA-2022:6585MODERATE2022-04-14
RHSA-2022:6585 — Moderate
- Red HatRHSA-2022:6855MODERATE2022-04-14
RHSA-2022:6855 — Moderate
- Red HatRHSA-2022:6856MODERATE2022-04-14
RHSA-2022:6856 — Moderate
- Red HatRHSA-2023:7025MODERATE2022-04-14
RHSA-2023:7025 — Moderate
- UbuntuUSN-5462-1LOW
Ruby vulnerabilities
- UbuntuUSN-5462-2LOW
Ruby vulnerability
Data Freshness Timeline
(refreshed 12× in last 7d / 37× in last 30d)
Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.
Showing the most recent 96 of 202 refreshes on record for this CVE.
A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 4 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 106 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.
- 2026-10-21 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 91st percentile
- 2026-10-21 07:32 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-21 07:32 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-21 07:32 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mvgc-rxvg-hqc6 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
- 2026-10-20 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 91st percentile
- 2026-10-19 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 91st percentile
- 2026-10-18 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 91st percentile
- 2026-10-18 08:37 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-17 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 91st percentile
- 2026-10-16 18:25 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-10-16 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 91st percentile
- 2026-10-15 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 91st percentile
- 2026-10-14 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 91st percentile
- 2026-10-13 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 91st percentile
- 2026-10-12 18:56 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-12 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 91st percentile
- 2026-10-11 23:21 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-11 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 91st percentile
- 2026-10-10 19:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 91st percentile
- 2026-10-09 20:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 91st percentile
- 2026-10-08 16:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 91st percentile
- 2026-10-07 23:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 91st percentile
- 2026-10-06 15:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 90th percentile
- 2026-10-05 17:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 90th percentile
- 2026-10-03 14:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 90th percentile
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- 2026-10-02 16:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 90th percentile
- 2026-09-30 15:53 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-30 15:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 90th percentile
- 2026-09-29 15:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 90th percentile
- 2026-09-28 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 90th percentile
- 2026-09-27 13:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 90th percentile
- 2026-09-26 15:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 90th percentile
- 2026-09-26 00:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 90th percentile
- 2026-09-24 22:46 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-09-24 14:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 90th percentile
- 2026-09-23 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 90th percentile
- 2026-09-22 14:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 90th percentile
- 2026-09-20 20:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 90th percentile
- 2026-09-19 15:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 90th percentile
- 2026-09-18 19:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 90th percentile
- 2026-09-16 14:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 90th percentile
- 2026-09-15 03:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 90th percentile
- 2026-09-13 16:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 90th percentile
- 2026-09-12 14:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 90th percentile
- 2026-09-11 14:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 90th percentile
- 2026-09-11 09:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 90th percentile
- 2026-09-08 21:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 90th percentile
- 2026-09-07 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.4% · 90th percentile
- 2026-09-06 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-09-05 15:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-09-05 14:55 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-09-04 13:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-09-04 05:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-09-02 14:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-09-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-08-30 19:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-08-30 01:19 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-08-28 21:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-08-27 14:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-08-26 14:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-08-25 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-08-24 14:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-08-23 00:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-08-21 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-08-20 22:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-08-19 17:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-08-19 01:29 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-08-18 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-08-17 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-08-16 14:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-08-16 02:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-08-15 01:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-08-13 21:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-08-12 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-08-11 13:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-08-09 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-08-08 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-08-07 16:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-08-06 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-08-05 19:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-08-04 15:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-08-04 10:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-08-03 20:57 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-08-03 10:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-08-02 02:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-08-01 04:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-07-30 16:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-07-30 01:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-07-28 15:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-07-26 14:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.3% · 90th percentile
- 2026-07-25 14:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.1% · 89th percentile
- 2026-07-24 14:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.1% · 89th percentile
- 2026-07-23 14:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.1% · 89th percentile
- 2026-07-23 02:10 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-07-22 22:57 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-07-22 14:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.1% · 89th percentile
Related CVEs(same product + same vendor + same CWE)
Same product
10 shownDebian:10:ruby2.5
Same vendor
10 shownredhat:RHSA-2022:6447 · redhat:RHSA-2022:6450 · redhat:RHSA-2023:7025
Same CWE
10 shownCWE-125
Frequently asked(5)
What is CVE-2022-28739?
When was the CVE record for CVE-2022-28739 published?
Is CVE-2022-28739 actively exploited?
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2022-28739?
How do I remediate CVE-2022-28739?
Dependency Blast Radius
See which npm, PyPI, Go, and Maven packages are affected by CVE-2022-28739
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