CVE-2021-29445

MEDIUMNVD 5.95.9—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This medium-severity CVE scores 5.9 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 1.2%, top 34% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, nvd
5.9EG
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorLow exploitation likelihood right now — keep watching.
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 1%CVSS: 5.9Exploit: None knownExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

jose-node-esm-runtime is an npm package which provides a number of cryptographic functions. In versions prior to 3.11.4 the AES_CBC_HMAC_SHA2 Algorithm (A128CBC-HS256, A192CBC-HS384, A256CBC-HS512) decryption would always execute both HMAC tag verification and CBC decryption, if either failed JWEDecryptionFailed would be thrown. But a possibly observable difference in timing when padding error would occur while decrypting the ciphertext makes a padding oracle and an adversary might be able to make use of that oracle to decrypt data without knowing the decryption key by issuing on average 128*b calls to the padding oracle (where b is the number of bytes in the ciphertext block). A patch was released which ensures the HMAC tag is verified before performing CBC decryption. The fixed versions are >=3.11.4. Users should upgrade to ^3.11.4.

CVSS v3
5.9
EG Score
5.9(medium)
EG Risk
32(Track)
EG Risk 32/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity59% × 45%
Exploitation1% × 40%
Automatability30% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS PROB
1%
EPSS %ILE
68%
KEV
Not listed

Published

April 16, 2021

Last Modified

November 21, 2024

References (4)

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
npm(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
jose-node-esm-runtime—3.11.4—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 8× in last 7d / 31× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 161 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-09-18 19:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-09-17 19:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-09-17 19:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-09-16 14:05 UTCEPSS rescore
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  10. 2026-09-11 09:33 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-09-08 21:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-09-07 15:58 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-09-06 18:43 UTCOSV refresh
  14. 2026-09-06 13:44 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-09-05 15:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-09-04 13:57 UTCEPSS rescore
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  20. 2026-09-01 13:50 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-09-01 03:32 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-08-30 19:14 UTCEPSS rescore
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  24. 2026-08-28 21:37 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-08-27 14:22 UTCEPSS rescore
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  1. 2026-08-26 14:42 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-08-25 13:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-08-24 14:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-08-23 00:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-08-21 23:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-08-20 22:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-08-20 05:04 UTCOSV refresh
  8. 2026-08-19 17:01 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-08-18 13:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-08-16 14:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-08-16 02:11 UTCEPSS rescore
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  14. 2026-08-13 21:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-08-12 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
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  18. 2026-08-08 16:33 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-08-07 16:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-08-06 13:43 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-08-05 19:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-08-05 00:10 UTCOSV refresh
  23. 2026-08-04 15:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-08-04 10:34 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-08-03 10:33 UTCEPSS rescore
  26. 2026-08-02 02:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-08-01 04:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  28. 2026-07-30 16:25 UTCEPSS rescore
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  37. 2026-07-23 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  38. 2026-07-23 01:59 UTCEG score recompute
  39. 2026-07-22 22:46 UTCEG score recompute
  40. 2026-07-22 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  41. 2026-07-22 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  42. 2026-07-21 15:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  43. 2026-07-21 15:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  44. 2026-07-20 17:05 UTCEPSS rescore
  45. 2026-07-19 02:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  46. 2026-07-19 02:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  47. 2026-07-18 21:59 UTCOSV refresh
  48. 2026-07-18 10:02 UTCEPSS rescore
  49. 2026-07-18 10:02 UTCEPSS rescore
  50. 2026-07-16 17:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  51. 2026-07-15 16:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  52. 2026-07-15 16:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  53. 2026-07-15 01:58 UTCEPSS rescore
  54. 2026-07-13 22:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  55. 2026-07-13 22:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  56. 2026-07-12 05:44 UTCEPSS rescore
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  58. 2026-07-11 08:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  59. 2026-07-11 08:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  60. 2026-07-09 19:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  61. 2026-07-08 15:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  62. 2026-07-07 13:43 UTCEPSS rescore
  63. 2026-07-06 16:25 UTCEPSS rescore
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  65. 2026-07-06 02:21 UTCEPSS rescore
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  67. 2026-07-05 02:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  68. 2026-07-04 06:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  69. 2026-07-04 06:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  70. 2026-07-02 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  71. 2026-07-01 15:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  72. 2026-07-01 05:18 UTCOSV refresh
  73. 2026-06-30 23:20 UTCEPSS rescore
  74. 2026-06-30 23:20 UTCEPSS rescore
  75. 2026-06-29 14:04 UTCEPSS rescore

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2021-29445?
CVE-2021-29445 is a medium vulnerability published on April 16, 2021. jose-node-esm-runtime is an npm package which provides a number of cryptographic functions. In versions prior to 3.11.4 the AESCBCHMAC_SHA2 Algorithm (A128CBC-HS256, A192CBC-HS384, A256CBC-HS512) decryption would always execute both HMAC tag verification and CBC decryption, if either failed…
When was CVE-2021-29445 disclosed?
CVE-2021-29445 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on April 16, 2021, with the most recent update on November 21, 2024. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2021-29445 actively exploited?
CVE-2021-29445 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 1% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 32.3% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2021-29445?
CVE-2021-29445 has a CVSS v3 base score of 5.9 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2021-29445?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2021-29445, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

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