CVE-2016-3087

CRITICALNVD 9.89.8—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This critical-severity CVE scores 9.8 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 82% (99th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, nvd
Weaponized
9.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPatch this weekExploitation is likely or a public exploit exists.
  • High exploitation likelihood — EPSS 82%
  • Public exploit code is available (Metasploit, Exploit-DB (verified), epss top5pct, epss high, public exploit)
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 82%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: Metasploit · Exploit-DB (verified) · epss top5pct · epss high · public exploitExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

Apache Struts 2.3.19 to 2.3.20.2, 2.3.21 to 2.3.24.1, and 2.3.25 to 2.3.28, when Dynamic Method Invocation is enabled, allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via vectors related to an ! (exclamation mark) operator to the REST Plugin.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
81
EG Risk 81/100CISA SSVC

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity98% × 45%
Exploitation82% × 40%
Automatability30% × 15%
CISA SSVC: Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
82%
EPSS %ILE
99th
KEV
Not listed

CISA SSVCTrack at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation public PoC (EG-KEV: weaponized) · Automatable unknown (not published for this CVE) · Technical impact total (CVSS ≥ 9.0). Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it: high means the affected system is essential to your organisation's mission, or its compromise could cause irreversible harm to people. CISA's decision table

Published

June 7, 2016

Last Modified

June 17, 2026

Advisory Details (4)

Auto-updated Oct 7, 2026
🔬 Proof of concept available. Patch available.
generic🟡 PoC Available

Apache Struts - REST Plugin With Dynamic Method Invocation Remote Code Execution (Metasploit) - Multiple remote Exploit

https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/39919/
generic

CVE-2016-3087 - PSIRT.COM

http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/90960
generic
http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1036017
generic

S2-033 - Apache Struts 2 Wiki - Apache Software Foundation

http://struts.apache.org/docs/s2-033.html

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
Maven(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
org.apache.struts:struts2-core2.3.28
  • 2.3.19 up to 2.3.20.3: fixed in 2.3.20.3
  • 2.3.21 up to 2.3.24.3: fixed in 2.3.24.3
  • 2.3.25 up to 2.3.28.1: fixed in 2.3.28.1
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 4× in last 7d / 14× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

  1. 2026-10-09 20:01 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-10-06 15:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-10-04 03:38 UTCOSV refresh
  4. 2026-10-03 14:21 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-09-30 14:58 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-09-30 09:12 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-09-27 13:40 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-09-26 15:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-09-26 15:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-09-24 13:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-09-18 19:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-09-17 19:21 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-09-15 03:05 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-09-14 18:14 UTCOSV refresh
  15. 2026-09-10 09:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-09-02 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-08-30 19:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-08-26 17:36 UTCOSV refresh
  19. 2026-08-26 14:41 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-08-23 00:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-08-21 23:44 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-08-19 16:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-08-16 14:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-08-16 02:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-08-12 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
Show 61 more
  1. 2026-08-10 07:40 UTCOSV refresh
  2. 2026-08-04 10:32 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-07-28 15:31 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-07-26 14:50 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-07-25 14:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-07-25 08:11 UTCOSV refresh
  7. 2026-07-23 14:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-07-23 01:22 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-07-22 22:02 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-07-22 14:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-07-21 15:21 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-07-21 15:21 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-07-20 17:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-07-16 16:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-07-16 16:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-07-15 16:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-07-15 16:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-07-13 22:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-07-09 19:05 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-07-08 15:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-07-08 02:57 UTCOSV refresh
  22. 2026-07-04 06:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-07-01 15:02 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-06-30 23:19 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-06-28 14:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  26. 2026-06-28 04:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-06-25 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  28. 2026-06-25 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  29. 2026-06-23 21:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  30. 2026-06-21 01:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  31. 2026-06-21 01:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  32. 2026-06-19 14:55 UTCOSV refresh
  33. 2026-06-17 17:50 UTCEPSS rescore
  34. 2026-06-17 17:50 UTCEPSS rescore
  35. 2026-06-15 17:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  36. 2026-06-13 22:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  37. 2026-06-13 22:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  38. 2026-06-12 23:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  39. 2026-06-12 23:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  40. 2026-06-10 22:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  41. 2026-06-10 13:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  42. 2026-06-08 14:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  43. 2026-06-07 15:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  44. 2026-06-07 15:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  45. 2026-06-05 22:44 UTCEPSS rescore
  46. 2026-06-02 20:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  47. 2026-05-31 22:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  48. 2026-05-31 22:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  49. 2026-05-30 21:53 UTCOSV refresh
  50. 2026-05-28 13:42 UTCEPSS rescore
  51. 2026-05-28 13:42 UTCEPSS rescore
  52. 2026-05-27 13:38 UTCEPSS rescore
  53. 2026-05-27 13:38 UTCEPSS rescore
  54. 2026-05-22 21:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  55. 2026-05-22 21:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  56. 2026-05-20 22:37 UTCEPSS rescore
  57. 2026-05-20 22:37 UTCEPSS rescore
  58. 2026-05-20 22:37 UTCEPSS rescore
  59. 2026-05-19 01:07 UTCEG score recompute
  60. 2026-05-18 21:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  61. 2026-05-18 21:30 UTCEPSS rescore

Publicly available exploits

(3 references)

Working exploit code is in the public domain (1 Metasploit module) (2 Exploit-DB entries). Defenders should treat patch urgency accordingly — public PoCs typically lead to mass-exploitation within 24-72 hours.

  • Exploit-DBEDB-39919✓ verified
    First seen Jun 10, 2016

    Apache Struts - REST Plugin With Dynamic Method Invocation Remote Code Execution (Metasploit)

    Open source ↗
  • Metasploitexploit/multi/http/struts_dmi_rest_exec✓ verified
    First seen Jun 1, 2016

    Apache Struts REST Plugin With Dynamic Method Invocation Remote Code Execution

    Open source ↗
  • Exploit-DBEDB-43382
    First seen Jun 6, 2017

    Apache Struts - REST Plugin With Dynamic Method Invocation Remote Code Execution

    Open source ↗

Related CVEs(same product + same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2016-3087?
CVE-2016-3087 is a critical vulnerability published on June 7, 2016. Apache Struts 2.3.19 to 2.3.20.2, 2.3.21 to 2.3.24.1, and 2.3.25 to 2.3.28, when Dynamic Method Invocation is enabled, allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via vectors related to an ! (exclamation mark) operator to the REST Plugin.
When was CVE-2016-3087 disclosed?
CVE-2016-3087 was first published on June 7, 2016, with the most recent update on June 17, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2016-3087 actively exploited?
CVE-2016-3087 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. EchelonGraph's EG-KEV model classifies it as weaponized: a functional public exploit exists. FIRST EPSS estimates a 82% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (99th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2016-3087?
CVE-2016-3087 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2016-3087?
A fix for CVE-2016-3087 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory.

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