CVE-2019-0230

CRITICALNVD 9.89.8—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This critical-severity CVE scores 9.8 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 97% (99th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, nvd
Weaponized
9.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPatch this weekExploitation is likely or a public exploit exists.
  • High exploitation likelihood — EPSS 97%
  • Public exploit code is available (Metasploit, epss top5pct, epss high, public exploit)
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 97%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: Metasploit · epss top5pct · epss high · public exploitExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

Apache Struts 2.0.0 to 2.5.20 forced double OGNL evaluation, when evaluated on raw user input in tag attributes, may lead to remote code execution.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
88
EG Risk 88/100CISA SSVC

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity98% × 45%
Exploitation97% × 40%
Automatability30% × 15%
CISA SSVC: Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
97%
EPSS %ILE
99th
KEV
Not listed

CISA SSVCTrack at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation public PoC (EG-KEV: weaponized) · Automatable unknown (not published for this CVE) · Technical impact total (CVSS ≥ 9.0). Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it: high means the affected system is essential to your organisation's mission, or its compromise could cause irreversible harm to people. CISA's decision table

Published

September 14, 2020

Last Modified

November 21, 2024

Advisory Details (6)

Auto-updated Oct 5, 2026
Patch available.
generic

Packet Storm

http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/160108/Apache-Struts-2.5.20-Double-OGNL-Evaluation.html
generic

Pony Mail

https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r90890afea72a9571d666820b2fe5942a0a5f86be406fa31da3dd0922%40%3Cannounce.apache.org%3E
generic

Pony Mail

https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r1125f3044a0946d1e7e6f125a6170b58d413ebd4a95157e4608041c7%40%3Cannounce.apache.org%3E
generic
https://launchpad.support.sap.com/#/notes/2982840
generic

S2-059 - Apache Struts 2 Wiki - Apache Software Foundation

https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/ww/s2-059
generic

Packet Storm

http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/160721/Apache-Struts-2-Forced-Multi-OGNL-Evaluation.html

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
Maven(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
org.apache.struts:struts2-core2.0.11 ... 2.5.8 (73 versions)
  • 2.0.0 up to 2.5.22: fixed in 2.5.22
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 2× in last 7d / 7× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

  1. 2026-10-09 19:25 UTCOSV refresh
  2. 2026-10-07 23:42 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-09-30 14:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-09-30 10:06 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-09-24 13:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-09-20 02:21 UTCOSV refresh
  7. 2026-09-19 15:36 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-09-06 13:44 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-09-02 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-09-01 06:23 UTCOSV refresh
  11. 2026-09-01 03:32 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-08-30 19:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-08-28 21:36 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-08-24 14:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-08-20 22:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-08-16 02:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-08-15 05:37 UTCOSV refresh
  18. 2026-08-07 16:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-07-30 17:51 UTCOSV refresh
  20. 2026-07-30 01:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-07-25 14:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-07-25 14:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-07-24 14:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-07-24 14:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-07-23 01:38 UTCEG score recompute
Show 26 more
  1. 2026-07-22 22:18 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-07-22 14:05 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-07-20 17:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-07-20 17:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-07-16 16:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-07-16 16:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-07-13 03:07 UTCOSV refresh
  8. 2026-06-28 04:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-06-28 04:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-06-24 12:48 UTCOSV refresh
  11. 2026-06-23 21:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-06-23 21:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-06-15 17:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-06-14 23:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-06-14 23:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-06-07 17:16 UTCOSV refresh
  17. 2026-06-04 13:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-06-04 13:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-05-31 00:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-05-31 00:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-05-29 13:41 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-05-26 13:42 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-05-26 13:42 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-05-26 07:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-05-26 07:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  26. 2026-05-23 07:51 UTCEG score recompute

Publicly available exploits

(6 references)

Working exploit code is in the public domain (1 Metasploit module) (3 GitHub PoCs) (1 Exploit-DB entry). Defenders should treat patch urgency accordingly — public PoCs typically lead to mass-exploitation within 24-72 hours.

  • Metasploitexploit/multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl✓ verified
    First seen Sep 14, 2020

    Apache Struts 2 Forced Multi OGNL Evaluation

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCAl1ex/CVE-2019-0230
    First seen Dec 11, 2020

    S2-059(CVE-2019-0230)

    Open source ↗
  • Exploit-DBEDB-49068
    First seen Nov 17, 2020

    Apache Struts 2.5.20 - Double OGNL evaluation

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCramoncjs3/CVE-2019-0230
    First seen Aug 20, 2020

    CVE-2019-0230 & s2-059 poc.

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCPrinceFPF/CVE-2019-0230
    First seen Aug 13, 2020

    CVE-2019-0230 Exploit POC

    Open source ↗
  • Nucleihttp/cves/2019/CVE-2019-0230.yaml
    First seen Jan 1, 2019

    Apache Struts <=2.5.20 - Remote Code Execution

    Open source ↗

Related CVEs(same product + same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2019-0230?
CVE-2019-0230 is a critical vulnerability published on September 14, 2020. Apache Struts 2.0.0 to 2.5.20 forced double OGNL evaluation, when evaluated on raw user input in tag attributes, may lead to remote code execution.
When was CVE-2019-0230 disclosed?
CVE-2019-0230 was first published on September 14, 2020, with the most recent update on November 21, 2024. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2019-0230 actively exploited?
CVE-2019-0230 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. EchelonGraph's EG-KEV model classifies it as weaponized: a functional public exploit exists. FIRST EPSS estimates a 97% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (99th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2019-0230?
CVE-2019-0230 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2019-0230?
A fix for CVE-2019-0230 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory.

Dependency Blast Radius

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