CVE-2026-78009

HIGHPre-NVD 8.78.7
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

This high-severity CVE scores 8.7 under a secondary CVSS source (NVD's own analysis pending). EPSS exploit probability: 0.5% (44th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). No GitHub Security Advisory CVSS is on record for this CVE.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from a secondary CVSS source
Sources: EPSS, a secondary CVSS source
Trending — 3 sources updated this week
8.7EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.5%CVSS: 8.7Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

Fireware OS 2026.3.1, Fireware OS 2026.2.2, Fireware OS 12.12.2, Fireware OS 12.5.20 (from the CVE record's solution, WatchGuard Technologies, Inc.) — apply it.

An out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the WatchGuard Fireware OS iked process allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to create a Denial of Service (DoS) condition in VPN processing by sending specially crafted network traffic.

CVSS v3
8.7
EG Score
8.7HIGHmedium confidence
EG Risk
54
EG Risk 54/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity87% × 45%
The EG Score, 8.7 of 10.
Exploitation0.5% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: Fireware OS 2026.3.1, Fireware OS 2026.2.2, Fireware OS 12.12.2, Fireware OS 12.5.20 (from the CVE record's solution, WatchGuard Technologies, Inc.). Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
0.5%
EPSS %ILE
44th
KEV
Not listed

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).

Fireware OS 2026.3.1, Fireware OS 2026.2.2, Fireware OS 12.12.2, Fireware OS 12.5.20 (from the CVE record's solution, WatchGuard Technologies, Inc.). Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

August 27, 2026

Last Modified

September 3, 2026

Advisory Details (1)

Auto-updated Aug 28, 2026
Fix named in the CVE record's solution (WatchGuard Technologies, Inc.).
Web page

CVE-2026-78009 — Fireware OS Out-of-Bounds Read in iked Allows Unauthenticated Denial of Service (DoS)

https://psirt.watchguard.com/CVE-2026-78009

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-78009(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Weakness Classification(2)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 20× in last 7d / 103× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 172 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 72 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-13 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 44th percentile
  2. 2026-10-13 06:52 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-10-13 06:52 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  4. 2026-10-12 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 44th percentile
  5. 2026-10-12 15:37 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-11 19:23 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-11 16:39 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-11 13:57 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-11 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 44th percentile
  10. 2026-10-10 20:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 44th percentile
  11. 2026-10-10 14:15 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  12. 2026-10-10 01:44 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-10-10 01:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  14. 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  15. 2026-10-09 02:52 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-09 02:52 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  17. 2026-10-08 17:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  18. 2026-10-08 01:11 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-08 01:10 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  20. 2026-10-07 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  21. 2026-10-07 09:10 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  22. 2026-10-06 20:41 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-10-06 20:41 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  24. 2026-10-06 15:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  25. 2026-10-06 07:29 UTCEG score recompute
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-10-06 07:29 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  2. 2026-10-05 17:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  3. 2026-10-05 17:03 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  4. 2026-10-05 04:35 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-05 04:35 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  6. 2026-10-04 23:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  7. 2026-10-04 15:58 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  8. 2026-10-04 03:25 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  9. 2026-10-03 14:56 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-10-03 14:56 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  11. 2026-10-03 14:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  12. 2026-10-02 21:54 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-10-02 21:54 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  14. 2026-10-02 09:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  15. 2026-10-01 20:57 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-01 20:57 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  17. 2026-10-01 19:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  18. 2026-10-01 08:22 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  19. 2026-09-30 19:53 UTCEG score recompute
  20. 2026-09-30 19:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  21. 2026-09-30 04:22 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-09-30 04:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  23. 2026-09-29 15:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  24. 2026-09-29 12:12 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-09-29 12:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  26. 2026-09-28 21:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  27. 2026-09-28 05:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  28. 2026-09-27 16:45 UTCEG score recompute
  29. 2026-09-27 16:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  30. 2026-09-27 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  31. 2026-09-27 04:16 UTCEG score recompute
  32. 2026-09-27 04:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  33. 2026-09-26 15:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  34. 2026-09-26 15:47 UTCEG score recompute
  35. 2026-09-26 15:47 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  36. 2026-09-26 00:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  37. 2026-09-25 07:14 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  38. 2026-09-24 18:45 UTCEG score recompute
  39. 2026-09-24 18:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  40. 2026-09-24 14:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  41. 2026-09-24 06:10 UTCEG score recompute
  42. 2026-09-24 06:10 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  43. 2026-09-23 17:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  44. 2026-09-23 17:41 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  45. 2026-09-23 05:06 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  46. 2026-09-22 16:37 UTCEG score recompute
  47. 2026-09-22 16:37 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  48. 2026-09-22 16:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  49. 2026-09-22 03:55 UTCEG score recompute
  50. 2026-09-22 03:55 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  51. 2026-09-21 21:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  52. 2026-09-21 15:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  53. 2026-09-21 02:57 UTCEG score recompute
  54. 2026-09-21 02:57 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  55. 2026-09-20 20:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  56. 2026-09-20 14:28 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  57. 2026-09-20 01:56 UTCEG score recompute
  58. 2026-09-20 01:56 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  59. 2026-09-19 13:27 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  60. 2026-09-19 00:58 UTCEG score recompute
  61. 2026-09-19 00:58 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  62. 2026-09-18 19:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  63. 2026-09-18 12:30 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  64. 2026-09-18 00:02 UTCEG score recompute
  65. 2026-09-18 00:02 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  66. 2026-09-17 10:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  67. 2026-09-16 21:43 UTCEG score recompute
  68. 2026-09-16 21:43 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  69. 2026-09-16 14:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  70. 2026-09-16 09:14 UTCEG score recompute
  71. 2026-09-16 09:14 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  72. 2026-09-16 05:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  73. 2026-09-15 19:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH
  74. 2026-09-15 07:16 UTCEG score recompute
  75. 2026-09-15 07:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j294-c4gm-rwh3 · GitHub severity HIGH

Related CVEs(same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-78009?
CVE-2026-78009 is a high-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on August 27, 2026. An out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the WatchGuard Fireware OS iked process allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to create a Denial of Service (DoS) condition in VPN processing by sending specially crafted network traffic.
When was CVE-2026-78009 made public?
CVE-2026-78009 was made public on August 27, 2026: that is the date its CVE record's CNA, WatchGuard Technologies, Inc., gives for when the vulnerability was made public. The CVE record itself was published on August 27, 2026. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of September 3, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-78009 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-78009 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.5% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (44th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-78009?
CVE-2026-78009 has a CVSS base score of 8.7 (a secondary CVSS source that NVD displays; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-78009?
The CVE record's solution for CVE-2026-78009, written by its CNA WatchGuard Technologies, Inc., names the fix: "Fireware OS 2026.3.1, Fireware OS 2026.2.2, Fireware OS 12.12.2, Fireware OS 12.5.20". The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-78009 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

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