In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
nvdimm/btt: Handle preemption in BTT lane acquisition
BTT lanes serialize access to per-lane metadata and workspace state during BTT I/O. The btt-check unit test reports data mismatches during BTT writes due to a race in lane acquisition that can lead to silent data corruption.
The existing lane model uses a spinlock together with a per-CPU recursion count. That recursion model stopped being valid after BTT lanes became preemptible: another task can run on the same CPU, observe a non-zero recursion count, bypass locking, and use the same lane concurrently.
BTT lanes are also held across arena_write_bytes() calls. That path reaches nsio_rw_bytes(), which flushes writes with nvdimm_flush(). Some provider flush callbacks can sleep, making a spinlock the wrong primitive for the lane lifetime.
Replace the spinlock-based recursion model with a dynamically allocated per-lane mutex array and take the lane lock unconditionally.
Add might_sleep() to catch any future atomic-context caller.
Found with the ndctl unit test btt-check.sh.