CVE-2026-72742

HIGHPre-NVD 8.68.6—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

Score 8.6 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2026-08-11. A secondary CVSS source baseline 8.6; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: epss, ghsa, secondary
Trending — 3 sources updated this week
8.6EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.5%CVSS: 8.6Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

DSPy 3.3.0b1 contains a file exfiltration vulnerability in the Image and Audio output field adapters that allows attackers with influence over language model outputs to read arbitrary local files by injecting a filesystem path into the url field of a parsed Image or Audio typed output. The JSONAdapter and ChatAdapter parse untrusted language model completions through parse_value into TypeAdapter validation, which triggers encode_image or encode_audio to read and base64-encode any local file path via the os.path.isfile branch in image.py and audio.py, subsequently embedding the file contents into outgoing prompt messages sent to the attacker-controlled model endpoint.

CVSS v3
8.6
EG Score
8.6HIGHmedium confidence
EG Risk
54
EG Risk 54/100CISA SSVC

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity86% × 45%
Exploitation1% × 40%
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA SSVC: Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
0.5%
EPSS %ILE
41st
KEV
Not listed

CISA SSVCTrack at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it: high means the affected system is essential to your organisation's mission, or its compromise could cause irreversible harm to people. CISA's decision table

Published

August 11, 2026

Last Modified

September 24, 2026

Advisory Details (4)

Auto-updated Aug 11, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github_commit.
generic

DSPy 3.3.0b1 Local File Read via Image/Audio Output Field Parsing | Advisories | VulnCheck

https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/dspy-0b1-local-file-read-via-image-audio-output-field-parsing
github_commit Patch Available

commit c69136b29aca (stanfordnlp/dspy)

Patch available: stanfordnlp/dspy 3.3.0 (contains commit c69136b29aca)

https://github.com/stanfordnlp/dspy/commit/c69136b29aca4c00ca6da7667f7b80783188980e
generic

dspy.Image/dspy.Audio output-field parsing reads arbitrary local files into the next prompt (file exfiltration via untrusted LM output) · Issue #10067 · stanfordnlp/dspy · GitHub

https://github.com/stanfordnlp/dspy/issues/10067
generic

GitHub - stanfordnlp/dspy: DSPy: The framework for programming—not prompting—language models · GitHub

https://github.com/stanfordnlp/dspy

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-72742(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 16× in last 7d / 89× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 185 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-10-04 23:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-10-04 23:15 UTCGHSA enrichment
  3. 2026-10-04 10:06 UTCGHSA enrichment
  4. 2026-10-03 20:27 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-03 20:27 UTCGHSA enrichment
  6. 2026-10-03 14:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-10-02 22:18 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-02 22:18 UTCGHSA enrichment
  9. 2026-10-02 08:26 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-10-02 08:26 UTCGHSA enrichment
  11. 2026-10-01 19:50 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-10-01 11:11 UTCGHSA enrichment
  13. 2026-09-30 22:01 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-09-30 22:01 UTCGHSA enrichment
  15. 2026-09-29 05:00 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-09-29 05:00 UTCGHSA enrichment
  17. 2026-09-28 15:24 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-09-28 15:24 UTCGHSA enrichment
  19. 2026-09-28 13:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-09-28 02:03 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-09-28 02:03 UTCGHSA enrichment
  22. 2026-09-27 13:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-09-27 10:00 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-09-27 10:00 UTCGHSA enrichment
  25. 2026-09-26 15:59 UTCEPSS rescore
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-09-25 09:45 UTCGHSA enrichment
  2. 2026-09-24 20:35 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-09-24 20:35 UTCGHSA enrichment
  4. 2026-09-24 12:43 UTCGHSA enrichment
  5. 2026-09-23 23:34 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-09-23 23:34 UTCGHSA enrichment
  7. 2026-09-23 17:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-09-23 10:18 UTCGHSA enrichment
  9. 2026-09-22 21:09 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-09-22 21:09 UTCGHSA enrichment
  11. 2026-09-22 03:28 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-09-22 03:28 UTCGHSA enrichment
  13. 2026-09-21 21:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-09-21 14:18 UTCGHSA enrichment
  15. 2026-09-21 00:20 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-09-21 00:20 UTCGHSA enrichment
  17. 2026-09-20 20:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-09-20 10:17 UTCGHSA enrichment
  19. 2026-09-19 19:47 UTCEG score recompute
  20. 2026-09-19 19:47 UTCGHSA enrichment
  21. 2026-09-19 06:15 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-09-19 06:15 UTCGHSA enrichment
  23. 2026-09-18 19:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-09-18 17:01 UTCGHSA enrichment
  25. 2026-09-18 02:57 UTCEG score recompute
  26. 2026-09-18 02:57 UTCGHSA enrichment
  27. 2026-09-17 13:47 UTCGHSA enrichment
  28. 2026-09-17 00:26 UTCEG score recompute
  29. 2026-09-17 00:26 UTCGHSA enrichment
  30. 2026-09-16 14:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  31. 2026-09-16 05:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  32. 2026-09-16 02:28 UTCGHSA enrichment
  33. 2026-09-15 13:19 UTCEG score recompute
  34. 2026-09-15 13:19 UTCGHSA enrichment
  35. 2026-09-15 03:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  36. 2026-09-14 22:33 UTCGHSA enrichment
  37. 2026-09-14 04:33 UTCEG score recompute
  38. 2026-09-14 04:33 UTCGHSA enrichment
  39. 2026-09-13 15:24 UTCGHSA enrichment
  40. 2026-09-13 02:15 UTCEG score recompute
  41. 2026-09-13 02:15 UTCGHSA enrichment
  42. 2026-09-12 15:02 UTCEPSS rescore
  43. 2026-09-12 13:06 UTCGHSA enrichment
  44. 2026-09-11 23:57 UTCEG score recompute
  45. 2026-09-11 23:57 UTCGHSA enrichment
  46. 2026-09-11 14:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  47. 2026-09-11 10:03 UTCEG score recompute
  48. 2026-09-11 10:02 UTCGHSA enrichment
  49. 2026-09-10 20:49 UTCEG score recompute
  50. 2026-09-10 20:49 UTCGHSA enrichment
  51. 2026-09-10 09:35 UTCEPSS rescore
  52. 2026-09-10 07:40 UTCGHSA enrichment
  53. 2026-09-09 18:31 UTCGHSA enrichment
  54. 2026-09-09 05:23 UTCEG score recompute
  55. 2026-09-09 05:23 UTCGHSA enrichment
  56. 2026-09-08 22:01 UTCEPSS rescore
  57. 2026-09-07 19:08 UTCEG score recompute
  58. 2026-09-07 19:08 UTCGHSA enrichment
  59. 2026-09-07 05:59 UTCGHSA enrichment
  60. 2026-09-06 16:44 UTCEG score recompute
  61. 2026-09-06 16:44 UTCGHSA enrichment
  62. 2026-09-06 13:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  63. 2026-09-06 03:34 UTCEG score recompute
  64. 2026-09-06 03:34 UTCGHSA enrichment
  65. 2026-09-05 14:25 UTCGHSA enrichment
  66. 2026-09-05 00:52 UTCEG score recompute
  67. 2026-09-05 00:51 UTCGHSA enrichment
  68. 2026-09-04 08:04 UTCEG score recompute
  69. 2026-09-04 08:04 UTCGHSA enrichment
  70. 2026-09-04 05:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  71. 2026-09-03 16:26 UTCGHSA enrichment
  72. 2026-09-02 23:46 UTCEG score recompute
  73. 2026-09-02 23:45 UTCGHSA enrichment
  74. 2026-09-02 14:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  75. 2026-09-02 01:02 UTCEG score recompute

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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-72742?
CVE-2026-72742 is a high vulnerability published on August 11, 2026. DSPy 3.3.0b1 contains a file exfiltration vulnerability in the Image and Audio output field adapters that allows attackers with influence over language model outputs to read arbitrary local files by injecting a filesystem path into the url field of a parsed Image or Audio typed output. The…
When was CVE-2026-72742 disclosed?
CVE-2026-72742 was first published on August 11, 2026, with the most recent update on September 24, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2026-72742 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-72742 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.5% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (41st percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-72742?
CVE-2026-72742 has a CVSS base score of 8.6 (a secondary CVSS source that NVD displays; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-72742?
A fix for CVE-2026-72742 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-72742 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

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