CVE-2026-72478

HIGHPre-NVD 8.48.4
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

Score 8.4 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2026-08-15. A secondary CVSS source baseline 8.4; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, a secondary CVSS source
Trending — 4 sources updated this week
8.4EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.2%CVSS: 8.4Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

fs/ntfs3: add bounds check to run_get_highest_vcn()

run_get_highest_vcn() parses a packed NTFS mapping-pairs buffer without any length bound, relying solely on a 0x00 terminator to stop. A crafted $LogFile UpdateMappingPairs record whose embedded attribute contains mapping-pairs runs without a terminator causes the function to read past the slab allocation, triggering a KASAN slab-out-of-bounds read on mount.

The sibling function run_unpack() received an analogous bounds-check in commit b62567bca474 ("ntfs3: add buffer boundary checks to run_unpack()"), but run_get_highest_vcn() was missed.

Take a run_buf_size parameter and reject any run header whose payload would extend past the buffer end, mirroring the pattern used by run_unpack(). The caller in fslog.c passes the remaining attribute bytes after the mapping-pairs offset.

KASAN report (on mainline v7.1 merge window HEAD):

BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in run_get_highest_vcn+0x3c0/0x410 Read of size 1 at addr ffff88800e2d5400 by task mount/72 Call Trace: run_get_highest_vcn+0x3c0/0x410 do_action.isra.0+0x3ba8/0x7b50 log_replay+0x9ddd/0x10200 ntfs_loadlog_and_replay+0x4ad/0x610 ntfs_fill_super+0x214a/0x4540

CVSS v3
8.4
EG Score
8.4HIGHmedium confidence
EG Risk
38
EG Risk 38/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity84% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 8.4 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.2% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.2%
EPSS %ILE
8th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (8.4): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 8.4 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
8.4 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.2% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-17). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

August 15, 2026

Last Modified

October 16, 2026

Advisory Details (6)

Auto-updated Aug 17, 2026
Patch available.
Web page

fs/ntfs3: add bounds check to run_get_highest_vcn() - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c69b9003332917b652175d5fa9d84158c5ed8617
Web page

fs/ntfs3: add bounds check to run_get_highest_vcn() - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c23083b472a720c3f60b147db05b25b751c7c1bf
Web page

fs/ntfs3: add bounds check to run_get_highest_vcn() - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bb11485a87fbb2254b62cfed630b699d50e57da8
Web page

fs/ntfs3: add bounds check to run_get_highest_vcn() - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a31893206588374d7d16fad387189d8165c7efd3
Web page

fs/ntfs3: add bounds check to run_get_highest_vcn() - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8afc24a884aff6a6f08028bd779ee65c40054455
Web page

fs/ntfs3: add bounds check to run_get_highest_vcn() - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/41081202eb823f5b27ff164b12010b24428100ad

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-72478(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(9)

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(3 across 3 ecosystems)
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.1.106-1 ... 6.1.99-1 (55 versions)
  • every version up to 6.1.180-1: fixed in 6.1.180-1
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.12.38-1 ... 6.12.96-1 (31 versions)
  • every version up to 6.12.100-1: fixed in 6.12.100-1
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.12.100-1 ... 7.1~rc7-1~exp1 (160 versions)
  • every version up to 7.1.5-1: fixed in 7.1.5-1
—

All Vendor Advisories

(9)

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 14× in last 7d / 78× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 99 of 218 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 1 repeat row among the latest 100 is merged into the row it repeats. The 119 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-19 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  2. 2026-10-18 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  3. 2026-10-18 03:16 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-17 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  5. 2026-10-16 19:40 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-16 19:40 UTCVendor advisory
  7. 2026-10-16 19:40 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  8. 2026-10-16 19:00 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-16 19:00 UTCVendor advisory
  10. 2026-10-16 19:00 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  11. 2026-10-16 16:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  12. 2026-10-15 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  13. 2026-10-14 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  14. 2026-10-13 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  15. 2026-10-13 08:12 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-13 08:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  17. 2026-10-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  18. 2026-10-12 15:41 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-11 19:27 UTCEG score recompute
  20. 2026-10-11 16:43 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-11 14:03 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-10-11 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  23. 2026-10-10 20:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  24. 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  25. 2026-10-08 17:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
Show 74 more
  1. 2026-10-07 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  2. 2026-10-06 22:35 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-10-06 22:35 UTCVendor advisory
  4. 2026-10-06 22:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  5. 2026-10-06 15:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  6. 2026-10-06 09:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  7. 2026-10-05 20:49 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-05 20:49 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  9. 2026-10-05 17:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  10. 2026-10-05 09:41 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-05 09:41 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  12. 2026-10-04 23:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  13. 2026-10-04 21:59 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  14. 2026-10-04 06:41 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  15. 2026-10-03 19:33 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-03 19:33 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  17. 2026-10-03 14:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  18. 2026-10-02 18:22 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-02 18:22 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  20. 2026-10-02 07:09 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-02 07:09 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  22. 2026-10-01 19:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  23. 2026-10-01 08:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  24. 2026-09-30 21:04 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-09-30 21:04 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  26. 2026-09-29 00:04 UTCEG score recompute
  27. 2026-09-29 00:04 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  28. 2026-09-28 13:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  29. 2026-09-28 09:58 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  30. 2026-09-27 22:49 UTCEG score recompute
  31. 2026-09-27 22:49 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  32. 2026-09-27 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  33. 2026-09-27 08:30 UTCEG score recompute
  34. 2026-09-27 08:30 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  35. 2026-09-26 15:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  36. 2026-09-25 02:37 UTCEG score recompute
  37. 2026-09-25 02:37 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  38. 2026-09-24 08:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  39. 2026-09-23 20:33 UTCEG score recompute
  40. 2026-09-23 20:33 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  41. 2026-09-23 17:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 4th percentile
  42. 2026-09-23 08:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  43. 2026-09-22 20:48 UTCEG score recompute
  44. 2026-09-22 20:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  45. 2026-09-22 07:39 UTCEG score recompute
  46. 2026-09-22 07:39 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  47. 2026-09-21 21:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 4th percentile
  48. 2026-09-21 20:32 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  49. 2026-09-21 09:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  50. 2026-09-20 21:16 UTCEG score recompute
  51. 2026-09-20 21:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  52. 2026-09-20 20:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 4th percentile
  53. 2026-09-20 10:08 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  54. 2026-09-19 23:00 UTCEG score recompute
  55. 2026-09-19 23:00 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  56. 2026-09-19 11:04 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  57. 2026-09-18 22:00 UTCEG score recompute
  58. 2026-09-18 21:59 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  59. 2026-09-18 19:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 4th percentile
  60. 2026-09-18 09:37 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  61. 2026-09-17 22:21 UTCEG score recompute
  62. 2026-09-17 22:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  63. 2026-09-17 11:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  64. 2026-09-16 23:33 UTCEG score recompute
  65. 2026-09-16 23:33 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  66. 2026-09-16 14:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 4th percentile
  67. 2026-09-16 06:28 UTCEG score recompute
  68. 2026-09-16 06:28 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  69. 2026-09-16 05:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 4th percentile
  70. 2026-09-15 19:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  71. 2026-09-15 07:19 UTCEG score recompute
  72. 2026-09-15 07:19 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4
  73. 2026-09-15 03:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 4th percentile
  74. 2026-09-14 20:11 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pcrg-m6wx-53ch · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.4

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-72478?
CVE-2026-72478 is a high-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on August 15, 2026. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fs/ntfs3: add bounds check to rungethighest_vcn() rungethighest_vcn() parses a packed NTFS mapping-pairs buffer without any length bound, relying solely on a 0x00 terminator to stop. A crafted $LogFile UpdateMappingPairs record…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2026-72478 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2026-72478 was published on August 15, 2026. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 16, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-72478 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-72478 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.2% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (8th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-72478?
CVE-2026-72478 has a CVSS base score of 8.4 (a secondary CVSS source that NVD displays; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-72478?
A fix for CVE-2026-72478 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-72478 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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