CVE-2026-72320

CRITICALPre-NVD 9.19.1
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

Score 9.1 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2026-08-15. A secondary CVSS source baseline 9.1; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, a secondary CVSS source
Trending — Patch released this week
9.1EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.5%CVSS: 9.1Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

netfilter: nft_lookup: fix catchall element handling with inverted lookups

nft_lookup_eval() decides whether a lookup matched (found) from the direct set lookup and priv->invert before falling back to the catchall element used by interval sets (e.g. nft_set_rbtree) for the open-ended default range. Since found is never recomputed after ext is replaced by the catchall lookup, inverted lookups (NFT_LOOKUP_F_INV, "!= @set") can wrongly match or wrongly skip the catchall element, producing the wrong verdict. Fold the catchall lookup into ext before computing found, matching the order already used by nft_objref_map_eval().

CVSS v3
9.1
EG Score
9.1CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
56
EG Risk 56/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity91% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.1 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.5% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
0.5%
EPSS %ILE
43rd
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.1): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.1 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.1 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.5% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-18). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

August 15, 2026

Last Modified

October 16, 2026

Advisory Details (4)

Auto-updated Sep 16, 2026
Patch available.
Web page

netfilter: nft_lookup: fix catchall element handling with inverted lookups - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ef0c7d4b04a0e6ad175323c24bc84e11470dd79d
Web page

netfilter: nft_lookup: fix catchall element handling with inverted lookups - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e6107a4c74b54cb33e3bce162a63048ae5a6b198
Web page

netfilter: nft_lookup: fix catchall element handling with inverted lookups - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/238c612357b5a25f03eacf356f95034f8551f218
Web page

netfilter: nft_lookup: fix catchall element handling with inverted lookups - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0ab8880865f9678eb6174e72c1fc4712e44c745c

Patch Availability(10)

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(3 across 3 ecosystems)
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.1.106-1 ... 7.2~rc7-1~exp1 (358 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.12.38-1 ... 6.12.96-1 (31 versions)
  • every version up to 6.12.100-1: fixed in 6.12.100-1
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.12.100-1 ... 7.1~rc7-1~exp1 (160 versions)
  • every version up to 7.1.5-1: fixed in 7.1.5-1
—

Additional Vendor Advisories

(9)

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 31× in last 7d / 189× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 443 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 343 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-19 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  2. 2026-10-19 13:49 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-10-19 13:49 UTCVendor advisory
  4. 2026-10-19 13:49 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  5. 2026-10-18 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  6. 2026-10-18 15:28 UTCVendor advisory
  7. 2026-10-18 15:28 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  8. 2026-10-18 03:16 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-17 17:27 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-10-17 17:27 UTCVendor advisory
  11. 2026-10-17 17:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  12. 2026-10-17 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  13. 2026-10-16 19:26 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-10-16 19:26 UTCVendor advisory
  15. 2026-10-16 19:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  16. 2026-10-16 18:58 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-10-16 18:58 UTCVendor advisory
  18. 2026-10-16 18:58 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  19. 2026-10-16 16:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  20. 2026-10-16 12:10 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-16 12:10 UTCVendor advisory
  22. 2026-10-16 12:10 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  23. 2026-10-15 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  24. 2026-10-15 13:41 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-10-15 13:41 UTCVendor advisory
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-10-15 13:40 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  2. 2026-10-14 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  3. 2026-10-14 08:37 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-14 08:37 UTCVendor advisory
  5. 2026-10-14 08:37 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  6. 2026-10-13 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  7. 2026-10-13 03:50 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-13 03:50 UTCVendor advisory
  9. 2026-10-13 03:50 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  10. 2026-10-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  11. 2026-10-12 15:42 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-12 05:50 UTCVendor advisory
  13. 2026-10-12 05:49 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  14. 2026-10-11 19:27 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-11 16:43 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-11 14:03 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-10-11 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  18. 2026-10-10 20:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  19. 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  20. 2026-10-08 17:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  21. 2026-10-07 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  22. 2026-10-07 07:27 UTCVendor advisory
  23. 2026-10-07 07:27 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  24. 2026-10-07 03:03 UTCVendor advisory
  25. 2026-10-07 03:03 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  26. 2026-10-06 22:40 UTCVendor advisory
  27. 2026-10-06 22:40 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  28. 2026-10-06 18:00 UTCEG score recompute
  29. 2026-10-06 18:00 UTCVendor advisory
  30. 2026-10-06 18:00 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  31. 2026-10-06 15:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  32. 2026-10-06 13:37 UTCVendor advisory
  33. 2026-10-06 13:37 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  34. 2026-10-06 09:15 UTCEG score recompute
  35. 2026-10-06 09:15 UTCVendor advisory
  36. 2026-10-06 09:15 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  37. 2026-10-05 17:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  38. 2026-10-05 17:37 UTCVendor advisory
  39. 2026-10-05 17:37 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  40. 2026-10-05 12:34 UTCVendor advisory
  41. 2026-10-05 12:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  42. 2026-10-05 06:49 UTCVendor advisory
  43. 2026-10-05 06:49 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  44. 2026-10-05 02:26 UTCEG score recompute
  45. 2026-10-05 02:26 UTCVendor advisory
  46. 2026-10-05 02:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  47. 2026-10-04 23:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  48. 2026-10-04 22:03 UTCVendor advisory
  49. 2026-10-04 22:03 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  50. 2026-10-04 12:31 UTCVendor advisory
  51. 2026-10-04 12:31 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  52. 2026-10-04 08:09 UTCVendor advisory
  53. 2026-10-04 08:09 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  54. 2026-10-04 03:36 UTCVendor advisory
  55. 2026-10-04 03:36 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  56. 2026-10-03 19:35 UTCEG score recompute
  57. 2026-10-03 19:35 UTCVendor advisory
  58. 2026-10-03 19:35 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  59. 2026-10-03 14:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  60. 2026-10-03 02:10 UTCVendor advisory
  61. 2026-10-03 02:10 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  62. 2026-10-02 21:47 UTCEG score recompute
  63. 2026-10-02 21:47 UTCVendor advisory
  64. 2026-10-02 21:47 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  65. 2026-10-02 15:54 UTCVendor advisory
  66. 2026-10-02 15:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  67. 2026-10-02 07:12 UTCEG score recompute
  68. 2026-10-02 07:12 UTCVendor advisory
  69. 2026-10-02 07:11 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  70. 2026-10-01 19:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  71. 2026-10-01 14:44 UTCVendor advisory
  72. 2026-10-01 14:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  73. 2026-10-01 10:21 UTCVendor advisory
  74. 2026-10-01 10:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  75. 2026-10-01 05:59 UTCVendor advisory

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-72320?
CVE-2026-72320 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on August 15, 2026. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nft_lookup: fix catchall element handling with inverted lookups nftlookupeval() decides whether a lookup matched (found) from the direct set lookup and priv->invert before falling back to the catchall element used by…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2026-72320 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2026-72320 was published on August 15, 2026. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 16, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-72320 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-72320 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.5% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (43rd percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-72320?
CVE-2026-72320 has a CVSS base score of 9.1 (a secondary CVSS source that NVD displays; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-72320?
A fix for CVE-2026-72320 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-72320 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

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