CVE-2026-68428

UNRATEDCVSS · not yet scored
—
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorLow exploitation likelihood right now — keep watching.
  • No CVSS published and no exploitation signals yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.2%CVSS v2: —Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

KVM: x86/mmu: Fix use-after-free on vendor module reload

mmu_destroy_caches() destroys pte_list_desc_cache and mmu_page_header_cache, but leaves both pointers unchanged. The pointers live in kvm.ko, and therefore survive when a vendor module is unloaded while kvm.ko remains loaded.

If creation of pte_list_desc_cache fails during a subsequent vendor module load, its assignment sets pte_list_desc_cache to NULL and the error path calls mmu_destroy_caches(). mmu_page_header_cache still points to the cache destroyed during the preceding vendor module unload. Passing that stale pointer to kmem_cache_destroy() causes a slab use-after-free.

Reproduce the issue on a v7.1.3 kernel with CONFIG_KASAN=y, CONFIG_KASAN_GENERIC=y, CONFIG_KVM=m, and CONFIG_KVM_INTEL=m. A one-shot test hook forces pte_list_desc_cache to NULL on the second invocation of kvm_mmu_vendor_module_init():

  • Load kvm.ko and kvm-intel.ko, creating both caches.
  • Unload only kvm_intel, leaving kvm.ko loaded.
  • Reload kvm_intel and force initialization through the -ENOMEM path.

KASAN reports:

BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in kvm_mmu_vendor_module_init+0x5b/0x170 [kvm] ... kmem_cache_destroy+0x21/0x1d0 kvm_mmu_vendor_module_init+0x5b/0x170 [kvm] ... Allocated by task 16817: __kmem_cache_create_args+0x12c/0x3b0 __kmem_cache_create.constprop.0+0xb6/0xf0 [kvm] kvm_mmu_vendor_module_init+0x13b/0x170 [kvm] ... Freed by task 16820: kmem_cache_destroy+0x117/0x1d0 kvm_mmu_vendor_module_exit+0x21/0x30 [kvm]

Clear both pointers immediately after destroying their caches so that the stored state reflects the caches' lifetime and repeated cleanup is safe.

With the fix applied, the same injected vendor module reload fails with -ENOMEM as expected and produces no KASAN report.

CVSS v3
—
EchelonGraph score
Not yet assessedNo source has published severity data for this CVE yet — no CVSS score from NVD or a CNA, no GitHub advisory, and it is not in CISA KEV. This is not a rating of zero; we cannot assess it yet.
EG Score
—
EG Risk
—
EPSS PROB
0.2%
EPSS %ILE
5th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

EG Severity
Not assessed: no CVSS publishedA missing CVSS is not a severity of zero.
EG Likelihood
0.2% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-17). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
No SSVC decision: EchelonGraph has not assessed this CVECISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source: the BOD 26-04 block below.

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA's BOD 26-04 default) · Technical impact total (CISA's BOD 26-04 default). Where an input reads “CISA's BOD 26-04 default”, no one has published it for this CVE, and CISA's implementation guidance says: “If “Automatable” and “Technical Impact” information items about a CVE ID are not available and the CVE ID is not in the KEV Catalog, CISA will treat its values as “no” and “total,” respectively, until CISA or a third party provides metadata about the CVE ID. CISA will always provide the Vulnrichment data for a CVE ID listed in the KEV Catalog.” Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

August 10, 2026

Last Modified

August 19, 2026

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-68428(2)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(8)

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(4 across 3 ecosystems)
Debian:12(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.1.106-1 ... 6.1.99-1 (56 versions)
  • every version up to 6.1.187-1: fixed in 6.1.187-1
—
linux-6.126.12.100-1~deb12u1
  • every version up to 6.12.101-1~deb12u1: fixed in 6.12.101-1~deb12u1
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.12.100-1 ... 6.12.96-1 (32 versions)
  • every version up to 6.12.101-1: fixed in 6.12.101-1
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.12.100-1 ... 7.1~rc7-1~exp1 (161 versions)
  • every version up to 7.1.6-1: fixed in 7.1.6-1
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Additional Vendor Advisories

(8)

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 8× in last 7d / 42× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 98 of 101 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 2 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 3 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-19 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  2. 2026-10-18 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  3. 2026-10-18 03:19 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-17 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  5. 2026-10-16 16:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  6. 2026-10-15 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  7. 2026-10-14 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  8. 2026-10-13 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  9. 2026-10-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  10. 2026-10-12 15:45 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-11 19:30 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-11 16:45 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-10-11 14:06 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-10-11 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  15. 2026-10-10 20:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  16. 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  17. 2026-10-08 17:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  18. 2026-10-07 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  19. 2026-10-07 05:42 UTCVendor advisory
  20. 2026-10-07 05:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mw4f-xgh6-98v9
  21. 2026-10-06 15:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  22. 2026-10-05 17:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  23. 2026-10-04 23:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  24. 2026-10-04 04:27 UTCVendor advisory
  25. 2026-10-04 04:27 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mw4f-xgh6-98v9
Show 73 more
  1. 2026-10-03 14:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  2. 2026-10-02 17:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  3. 2026-10-01 19:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  4. 2026-09-30 22:36 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-09-30 22:36 UTCVendor advisory
  6. 2026-09-30 22:36 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mw4f-xgh6-98v9
  7. 2026-09-30 15:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  8. 2026-09-28 13:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 11th percentile
  9. 2026-09-27 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 11th percentile
  10. 2026-09-27 12:47 UTCVendor advisory
  11. 2026-09-27 12:47 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mw4f-xgh6-98v9
  12. 2026-09-26 15:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 11th percentile
  13. 2026-09-23 17:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  14. 2026-09-23 03:12 UTCVendor advisory
  15. 2026-09-23 03:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mw4f-xgh6-98v9
  16. 2026-09-21 21:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  17. 2026-09-20 20:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  18. 2026-09-20 01:58 UTCVendor advisory
  19. 2026-09-20 01:58 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mw4f-xgh6-98v9
  20. 2026-09-18 19:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  21. 2026-09-17 00:45 UTCVendor advisory
  22. 2026-09-17 00:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mw4f-xgh6-98v9
  23. 2026-09-16 14:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  24. 2026-09-16 05:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  25. 2026-09-13 20:30 UTCVendor advisory
  26. 2026-09-13 20:30 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mw4f-xgh6-98v9
  27. 2026-09-11 14:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  28. 2026-09-11 09:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  29. 2026-09-10 19:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mw4f-xgh6-98v9
  30. 2026-09-08 22:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  31. 2026-09-07 18:00 UTCVendor advisory
  32. 2026-09-07 18:00 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mw4f-xgh6-98v9
  33. 2026-09-07 16:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  34. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  35. 2026-09-05 15:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  36. 2026-09-04 16:46 UTCVendor advisory
  37. 2026-09-04 16:46 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mw4f-xgh6-98v9
  38. 2026-09-04 05:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  39. 2026-09-01 15:18 UTCVendor advisory
  40. 2026-09-01 15:18 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mw4f-xgh6-98v9
  41. 2026-09-01 04:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  42. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  43. 2026-08-30 01:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  44. 2026-08-29 09:59 UTCVendor advisory
  45. 2026-08-29 09:59 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mw4f-xgh6-98v9
  46. 2026-08-28 21:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  47. 2026-08-26 14:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  48. 2026-08-25 20:17 UTCVendor advisory
  49. 2026-08-25 20:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mw4f-xgh6-98v9
  50. 2026-08-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  51. 2026-08-23 00:19 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  52. 2026-08-22 19:03 UTCVendor advisory
  53. 2026-08-22 19:03 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mw4f-xgh6-98v9
  54. 2026-08-21 23:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  55. 2026-08-20 22:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 6th percentile
  56. 2026-08-19 17:49 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mw4f-xgh6-98v9
  57. 2026-08-19 17:31 UTCNVD update
  58. 2026-08-19 17:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  59. 2026-08-19 16:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mw4f-xgh6-98v9
  60. 2026-08-19 16:43 UTCMITRE cvelistV5
  61. 2026-08-18 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  62. 2026-08-17 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  63. 2026-08-17 06:31 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mw4f-xgh6-98v9
  64. 2026-08-17 06:18 UTCNVD update
  65. 2026-08-17 05:35 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mw4f-xgh6-98v9
  66. 2026-08-17 05:25 UTCMITRE cvelistV5
  67. 2026-08-16 15:52 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mw4f-xgh6-98v9
  68. 2026-08-16 14:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  69. 2026-08-15 01:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  70. 2026-08-13 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  71. 2026-08-13 14:38 UTCEG score recompute
  72. 2026-08-13 14:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mw4f-xgh6-98v9
  73. 2026-08-12 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile

Frequently asked(4)

What is CVE-2026-68428?
CVE-2026-68428 is a vulnerability whose severity is not yet rated; its CVE record was published on August 10, 2026. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: x86/mmu: Fix use-after-free on vendor module reload mmudestroycaches() destroys ptelistdesc_cache and mmupageheader_cache, but leaves both pointers unchanged. The pointers live in kvm.ko, and therefore survive when a vendor…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2026-68428 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2026-68428 was published on August 10, 2026. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of August 19, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-68428 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-68428 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.2% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (5th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-68428?
A fix for CVE-2026-68428 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-68428 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

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