In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
bpf: tcp: fix double sock release on batch realloc
bpf_iter_tcp_batch() releases the current batch via bpf_iter_tcp_put_batch(), which drops the socket refs and rewrites each slot with the socket cookie, then grows the batch. cur_sk/end_sk are kept for bpf_iter_tcp_resume(), but on realloc failure the function returns ERR_PTR() before resume runs, leaving cur_sk < end_sk over slots that now hold cookies rather than sock pointers. bpf_iter_tcp_seq_stop() then calls bpf_iter_tcp_put_batch() again and dereferences a cookie as a struct sock.
Empty the batch on the failure path so stop() does not release it again. The sockets were already freed by the first bpf_iter_tcp_put_batch(), so nothing leaks, and a later read() rescans the bucket from the start instead of skipping it. The sibling GFP_NOWAIT failure path still holds real socket references and is left for stop() to release.
BUG: KASAN: null-ptr-deref in __sock_gen_cookie Read of size 8 at addr 0000000000000059 by task exploit ... __sock_gen_cookie (net/core/sock_diag.c:28) bpf_iter_tcp_put_batch (net/ipv4/tcp_ipv4.c:2918) bpf_iter_tcp_seq_stop (net/ipv4/tcp_ipv4.c:3270) bpf_seq_read (kernel/bpf/bpf_iter.c:205) vfs_read (fs/read_write.c:572) ksys_read (fs/read_write.c:716) do_syscall_64 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception