CVE-2026-47121

MEDIUMPre-NVD 6.16.1
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

Score 6.1 from GitHub Security Advisory published 2026-05-29. A secondary CVSS source baseline 6.1; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, a secondary CVSS source
Elevated
6.1EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • CISA's Vulnrichment rates exploitation as PoC; EchelonGraph holds no exploit-code reference for it
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.3%CVSS: 6.1Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

Sparkle is a software update framework for macOS. Prior to version 2.9.2, Autoupdate/SUBinaryDeltaApply.m enforces relativePath.pathComponents containsObject:@".." and rejects writes whose immediate parent directory IS itself a symbolic link, but does not detect symlinks deeper in the relative path. Autoupdate/SPUSparkleDeltaArchive.m's extractItem: will create symlinks in the destination tree from archive content (no .. check on the symlink target), and a subsequent Extract item targeting /foo/bar then escapes the destination tree via fopen(path, "wb") because the kernel resolves the intermediate symlink during the open call. This is a defense-in-depth issue: exploitation requires a maliciously-crafted .delta that passes EdDSA signature verification, i.e. EdDSA private-key compromise. With the AppInstaller running as root for system-domain installs, it gives the holder of a stolen signing key arbitrary file write at root level via the delta-apply path, which is a strictly broader primitive than the "drop-in replacement bundle" install they would otherwise have. Version 2.9.2 contains a patch for the issue.

CVSS v3
6.1
EG Score
6.1MEDIUMmedium confidence
EG Risk
43
EG Risk 43/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity61% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 6.1 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation40% × 40%
EchelonGraph's fixed weight for EG-KEV Tier 3 (Elevated): a constant, not a probability.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.3%
EPSS %ILE
25th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (6.1): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 6.1 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
6.1 MEDIUMCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.3% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-17). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

May 29, 2026

Last Modified

August 5, 2026

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Jul 21, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github_commit, github.
GitHub advisoryMentions a patch (unverified)

Binary delta apply intermediate-symlink traversal in malicious .delta · Advisory · sparkle-project/Sparkle · GitHub

https://github.com/sparkle-project/Sparkle/security/advisories/GHSA-hg88-v3cw-3qrh
GitHub commit Patch Available

commit fe7b718d0736 (sparkle-project/Sparkle)

Patch available: sparkle-project/Sparkle 2.9.2 (contains commit fe7b718d0736)

https://github.com/sparkle-project/Sparkle/commit/fe7b718d0736f3e139e374e26fbca96f29e13bf0

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-47121(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(1)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
swiftgithub.com/sparkle-project/Sparkle—ghsa

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Weakness Classification(2)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 8× in last 7d / 31× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 99 of 141 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 1 repeat row among the latest 100 is merged into the row it repeats. The 42 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-19 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  2. 2026-10-18 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  3. 2026-10-18 03:36 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-17 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  5. 2026-10-16 16:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  6. 2026-10-15 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  7. 2026-10-14 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  8. 2026-10-13 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  9. 2026-10-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  10. 2026-10-12 16:02 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-11 19:45 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-11 16:59 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-10-11 14:24 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-10-11 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  15. 2026-10-10 20:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  16. 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  17. 2026-10-08 17:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  18. 2026-10-07 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  19. 2026-10-06 15:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  20. 2026-10-05 17:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  21. 2026-10-04 23:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  22. 2026-10-03 14:48 UTCOSV refresh
  23. 2026-10-03 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  24. 2026-10-01 19:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  25. 2026-09-30 15:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
Show 74 more
  1. 2026-09-28 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  2. 2026-09-27 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  3. 2026-09-26 15:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  4. 2026-09-26 00:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  5. 2026-09-23 17:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 27th percentile
  6. 2026-09-20 20:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 27th percentile
  7. 2026-09-18 19:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 27th percentile
  8. 2026-09-16 14:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 27th percentile
  9. 2026-09-16 05:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 27th percentile
  10. 2026-09-14 06:22 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-09-13 16:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 27th percentile
  12. 2026-09-13 01:06 UTCOSV refresh
  13. 2026-09-12 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 27th percentile
  14. 2026-09-11 09:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 26th percentile
  15. 2026-09-10 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 26th percentile
  16. 2026-09-08 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 26th percentile
  17. 2026-09-07 16:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 26th percentile
  18. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 26th percentile
  19. 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 26th percentile
  20. 2026-09-02 14:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 26th percentile
  21. 2026-09-01 13:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 26th percentile
  22. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 26th percentile
  23. 2026-08-30 01:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 26th percentile
  24. 2026-08-28 21:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 26th percentile
  25. 2026-08-27 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 26th percentile
  26. 2026-08-26 14:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 26th percentile
  27. 2026-08-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 26th percentile
  28. 2026-08-25 04:16 UTCEG score recompute
  29. 2026-08-23 14:10 UTCEG score recompute
  30. 2026-08-23 00:19 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  31. 2026-08-21 23:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  32. 2026-08-21 14:59 UTCEG score recompute
  33. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  34. 2026-08-20 10:24 UTCEG score recompute
  35. 2026-08-19 17:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  36. 2026-08-18 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  37. 2026-08-17 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  38. 2026-08-17 06:51 UTCEG score recompute
  39. 2026-08-16 14:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  40. 2026-08-16 02:24 UTCEG score recompute
  41. 2026-08-16 02:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  42. 2026-08-15 01:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  43. 2026-08-14 00:27 UTCEG score recompute
  44. 2026-08-13 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  45. 2026-08-12 23:37 UTCEG score recompute
  46. 2026-08-12 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  47. 2026-08-11 23:40 UTCEG score recompute
  48. 2026-08-11 00:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  49. 2026-08-09 20:00 UTCEG score recompute
  50. 2026-08-09 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  51. 2026-08-08 20:03 UTCEG score recompute
  52. 2026-08-08 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  53. 2026-08-07 19:45 UTCEG score recompute
  54. 2026-08-06 19:48 UTCEG score recompute
  55. 2026-08-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  56. 2026-08-05 19:51 UTCEG score recompute
  57. 2026-08-05 19:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  58. 2026-08-04 23:04 UTCEG score recompute
  59. 2026-08-04 15:10 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  60. 2026-08-04 10:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  61. 2026-08-03 15:55 UTCEG score recompute
  62. 2026-08-03 10:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  63. 2026-08-02 13:53 UTCEG score recompute
  64. 2026-08-02 02:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  65. 2026-08-01 13:55 UTCEG score recompute
  66. 2026-08-01 04:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  67. 2026-07-31 05:51 UTCEG score recompute
  68. 2026-07-30 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  69. 2026-07-30 01:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  70. 2026-07-29 11:48 UTCEG score recompute
  71. 2026-07-28 15:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  72. 2026-07-27 14:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  73. 2026-07-27 09:03 UTCEG score recompute
  74. 2026-07-26 14:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile

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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-47121?
CVE-2026-47121 is a medium-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on May 29, 2026. Sparkle is a software update framework for macOS. Prior to version 2.9.2, Autoupdate/SUBinaryDeltaApply.m enforces relativePath.pathComponents containsObject:@".." and rejects writes whose immediate parent directory IS itself a symbolic link, but does not detect symlinks deeper in the relative…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2026-47121 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2026-47121 was published on May 29, 2026. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of August 5, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-47121 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-47121 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.3% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (25th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-47121?
CVE-2026-47121 has a CVSS base score of 6.1 (a secondary CVSS source that NVD displays; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-47121?
A fix for CVE-2026-47121 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-47121 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

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