CVE-2026-45999

HIGHPre-NVD 7.17.1—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

Score 7.1 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2026-05-27. the CNA's CVSS baseline 7.1; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: cna:linux, epss, ghsa
7.1EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0%CVSS: 7.1Exploit: None knownExposed: 0

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

erofs: fix unsigned underflow in z_erofs_lz4_handle_overlap()

Some crafted images can have illegal (!partial_decoding && m_llen < m_plen) extents, and the LZ4 inplace decompression path can be wrongly hit, but it cannot handle (outpages < inpages) properly: "outpages - inpages" wraps to a large value and the subsequent rq->out[] access reads past the decompressed_pages array.

However, such crafted cases can correctly result in a corruption report in the normal LZ4 non-inplace path.

Let's add an additional check to fix this for backporting.

Reproducible image (base64-encoded gzipped blob):

H4sIAJGR12kCA+3SPUoDQRgG4MkmkkZk8QRbRFIIi9hbpEjrHQI5ghfwCN5BLCzTGtLbBI+g dilSJo1CnIm7GEXFxhT6PDDwfrs73/ywIQD/1ePD4r7Ou6ETsrq4mu7XcWfj++Pb58nJU/9i PNtbjhan04/9GtX4qVYc814WDqt6FaX5s+ZwXXeq52lndT6IuVvlblytLMvh4Gzwaf90nsvz 2DF/21+20T/ldgp5s1jXRaN4t/8izsy/OUB6e/Qa79r+JwAAAAAAAL52vQVuGQAAAP6+my1w ywAAAAAAAADwu14ATsEYtgBQAAA=

$ mount -t erofs -o cache_strategy=disabled foo.erofs /mnt $ dd if=/mnt/data of=/dev/null bs=4096 count=1

CVSS v3
7.1
EG Score
7.1(medium)
EG Risk
37(Track)
EG Risk 37/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity71% × 45%
Exploitation0% × 40%
Automatability30% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS PROB
0%
EPSS %ILE
3%
KEV
Not listed

Published

May 27, 2026

Last Modified

August 5, 2026

Advisory Details (5)

Auto-updated Jun 11, 2026
No patch confirmed yet.
generic

erofs: fix unsigned underflow in z_erofs_lz4_handle_overlap() - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f1374fa6e57fd836623668d782ded9244cfd2938
generic

erofs: fix unsigned underflow in z_erofs_lz4_handle_overlap() - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c9ce18e6bb2c467ec85756dc7989b547b7584fee
generic

erofs: fix unsigned underflow in z_erofs_lz4_handle_overlap() - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bbbbb3f0d7864238a8da2a94cd6ec013fee06a2e
generic

erofs: fix unsigned underflow in z_erofs_lz4_handle_overlap() - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/43a878639b90e9721ffa5eb616a7e6d8454adef3
generic

erofs: fix unsigned underflow in z_erofs_lz4_handle_overlap() - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/21e161de2dc660b1bb70ef5b156ab8e6e1cca3ab

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-45999(2)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(20)

Vendor / EcosystemFixed in / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-26.04-edge (7.0.0-27.27) @ resolute2026-08-25ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-raspi-realtime-7.0 (7.0.0-1014.14) @ resolute2026-08-25ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-nvidia-hwe-24.04-edge (7.0.0-1013.13) @ resolute2026-08-25ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-6.8 (6.8.0-136.136) @ noble2026-08-25ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-24.04-edge (7.0.0-28.28~24.04.1) @ noble2026-08-25ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oracle-lts-24.04 (6.8.0-1058.61) @ noble2026-08-25ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oracle-edge (6.8.0-1058.61~22.04.1) @ jammy2026-08-25ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-nvidia-lowlatency-64k-6.8 (6.8.0-1059.62.1) @ noble2026-08-25ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-fde-7.0 (7.0.0-1009.9) @ resolute2026-08-25ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-aws-lts-24.04 (6.8.0-1061.64+1) @ noble2026-08-25ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-lts-24.04 (6.8.0-1063.71) @ noble2026-08-25ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-fde-lts-24.04 (6.8.0-1062.69) @ noble2026-08-25ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-fips-6.8 (6.8.0-1063.71+fips2) @ noble2026-08-25ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-aws-fips-6.8 (6.8.0-1061.64+fips1) @ noble2026-08-25ubuntu
ubuntulinux-xilinx-zynqmp (6.8.0.1033.34) @ noble2026-08-25ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-22.04-edge (6.8.0-136.136~22.04.1) @ jammy2026-08-25ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-gcp-fips-6.8 (6.8.0-1064.72+fips1) @ noble2026-08-25ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oem-7.0 (7.0.0-1008.8) @ resolute2026-08-25ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-fde-6.8 (6.8.0-1062.69~22.04.1) @ jammy2026-08-25ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-raspi-realtime-6.8 (6.8.0-2050.52) @ noble2026-08-25ubuntu

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(4 across 4 ecosystems)
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
linux-6.16.1.106-3~deb11u1 ... 6.1.174-1~deb11u1 (20 versions)6.1.176-1~deb11u1—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
linux6.1.106-1 ... 6.1.99-1 (53 versions)6.1.176-1—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
linux6.12.38-1 ... 6.12.88-1~bpo12+1 (21 versions)6.12.88-1—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
linux6.12.100-1 ... 7.0.4-1~bpo13+1 (131 versions)7.0.4-1—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(20)

Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 4× in last 7d / 83× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 264 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-09-01 13:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-08-30 01:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-08-28 21:41 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-08-27 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-08-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-08-25 05:32 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-08-25 05:32 UTCVendor advisory
  10. 2026-08-25 05:31 UTCGHSA enrichment
  11. 2026-08-23 15:21 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-08-23 15:21 UTCVendor advisory
  13. 2026-08-23 15:21 UTCGHSA enrichment
  14. 2026-08-23 00:19 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-08-21 23:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-08-21 20:44 UTCVendor advisory
  17. 2026-08-21 20:44 UTCGHSA enrichment
  18. 2026-08-21 01:41 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-08-21 01:41 UTCVendor advisory
  20. 2026-08-21 01:41 UTCGHSA enrichment
  21. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-08-20 11:38 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-08-20 11:38 UTCVendor advisory
  24. 2026-08-20 11:38 UTCGHSA enrichment
  25. 2026-08-19 17:04 UTCEPSS rescore
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-08-18 13:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-08-17 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-08-17 09:19 UTCVendor advisory
  4. 2026-08-17 09:19 UTCGHSA enrichment
  5. 2026-08-16 16:23 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-08-16 16:23 UTCVendor advisory
  7. 2026-08-16 16:23 UTCGHSA enrichment
  8. 2026-08-16 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-08-16 02:52 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-08-16 02:52 UTCVendor advisory
  11. 2026-08-16 02:52 UTCGHSA enrichment
  12. 2026-08-16 02:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-08-15 03:55 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-08-15 03:55 UTCVendor advisory
  15. 2026-08-15 03:55 UTCGHSA enrichment
  16. 2026-08-15 01:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-08-14 14:41 UTCVendor advisory
  18. 2026-08-14 14:41 UTCGHSA enrichment
  19. 2026-08-14 01:29 UTCEG score recompute
  20. 2026-08-14 01:29 UTCVendor advisory
  21. 2026-08-14 01:29 UTCGHSA enrichment
  22. 2026-08-13 22:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-08-12 22:47 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-08-12 22:47 UTCVendor advisory
  25. 2026-08-12 22:47 UTCGHSA enrichment
  26. 2026-08-12 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-08-12 09:35 UTCVendor advisory
  28. 2026-08-12 09:35 UTCGHSA enrichment
  29. 2026-08-11 15:58 UTCEG score recompute
  30. 2026-08-11 15:58 UTCVendor advisory
  31. 2026-08-11 15:58 UTCGHSA enrichment
  32. 2026-08-11 02:47 UTCEG score recompute
  33. 2026-08-11 02:47 UTCVendor advisory
  34. 2026-08-11 02:46 UTCGHSA enrichment
  35. 2026-08-11 00:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  36. 2026-08-10 13:34 UTCVendor advisory
  37. 2026-08-10 13:34 UTCGHSA enrichment
  38. 2026-08-10 00:13 UTCEG score recompute
  39. 2026-08-10 00:13 UTCVendor advisory
  40. 2026-08-10 00:13 UTCGHSA enrichment
  41. 2026-08-09 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  42. 2026-08-09 11:01 UTCVendor advisory
  43. 2026-08-09 11:01 UTCGHSA enrichment
  44. 2026-08-08 21:48 UTCEG score recompute
  45. 2026-08-08 21:48 UTCVendor advisory
  46. 2026-08-08 21:48 UTCGHSA enrichment
  47. 2026-08-08 16:37 UTCEPSS rescore
  48. 2026-08-08 08:19 UTCVendor advisory
  49. 2026-08-08 08:19 UTCGHSA enrichment
  50. 2026-08-07 19:07 UTCEG score recompute
  51. 2026-08-07 19:07 UTCVendor advisory
  52. 2026-08-07 19:07 UTCGHSA enrichment
  53. 2026-08-07 05:55 UTCVendor advisory
  54. 2026-08-07 05:55 UTCGHSA enrichment
  55. 2026-08-06 16:43 UTCEG score recompute
  56. 2026-08-06 16:43 UTCVendor advisory
  57. 2026-08-06 16:42 UTCGHSA enrichment
  58. 2026-08-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  59. 2026-08-06 02:54 UTCEG score recompute
  60. 2026-08-06 02:54 UTCVendor advisory
  61. 2026-08-06 02:54 UTCGHSA enrichment
  62. 2026-08-05 19:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  63. 2026-08-05 13:43 UTCEG score recompute
  64. 2026-08-05 13:43 UTCVendor advisory
  65. 2026-08-05 13:43 UTCGHSA enrichment
  66. 2026-08-04 15:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  67. 2026-08-04 10:39 UTCEPSS rescore
  68. 2026-08-04 05:40 UTCVendor advisory
  69. 2026-08-04 05:40 UTCGHSA enrichment
  70. 2026-08-03 16:28 UTCEG score recompute
  71. 2026-08-03 16:28 UTCVendor advisory
  72. 2026-08-03 16:28 UTCGHSA enrichment
  73. 2026-08-03 10:36 UTCEPSS rescore
  74. 2026-08-02 17:51 UTCVendor advisory
  75. 2026-08-02 17:51 UTCGHSA enrichment

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-45999?
CVE-2026-45999 is a high vulnerability published on May 27, 2026. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: erofs: fix unsigned underflow in zerofslz4handleoverlap() Some crafted images can have illegal (!partial_decoding && mllen < mplen) extents, and the LZ4 inplace decompression path can be wrongly hit, but it cannot handle (outpages…
When was CVE-2026-45999 disclosed?
CVE-2026-45999 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on May 27, 2026, with the most recent update on August 5, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2026-45999 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-45999 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 97.0% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-45999?
CVE-2026-45999 has a CVSS v4.0 base score of 7.1 (CNA self-assessment; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-45999?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2026-45999, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

See which npm, PyPI, Go, and Maven packages are affected by CVE-2026-45999

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