CVE-2026-45955

HIGHPre-NVD 7.17.1
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

Score 7.1 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2026-05-27. A secondary CVSS source baseline 7.1; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, a secondary CVSS source
Trending — 3 sources updated this week

Also known asEUVD-2026-32239 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-7293-q55v-843q (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

7.1EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.1%CVSS: 7.1Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

md/md-llbitmap: fix percpu_ref not resurrected on suspend timeout

When llbitmap_suspend_timeout() times out waiting for percpu_ref to become zero, it returns -ETIMEDOUT without resurrecting the percpu_ref. The caller (md_llbitmap_daemon_fn) then continues to the next page without calling llbitmap_resume(), leaving the percpu_ref in a killed state permanently.

Fix this by resurrecting the percpu_ref before returning the error, ensuring the page control structure remains usable for subsequent operations.

CVSS v3
7.1
EG Score
7.1HIGHmedium confidence
EG Risk
32
EG Risk 32/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity71% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 7.1 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.1% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at every mission impact level.
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.1%
EPSS %ILE
2nd
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (7.1): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 7.1 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
7.1 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.1% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-27). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at every mission impact level.CISA BOD 26-04: 60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at every mission impact level.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

May 27, 2026

Last Modified

October 19, 2026

Advisory Details (3)

Auto-updated Jun 11, 2026
Patch available.
Web page

md/md-llbitmap: fix percpu_ref not resurrected on suspend timeout - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d119bd2e1643cc023210ff3c6f0657e4f914e71d
Web page

md/md-llbitmap: fix percpu_ref not resurrected on suspend timeout - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2446d099350185caeed19ab2c0270451a97296fb
Web page

md/md-llbitmap: fix percpu_ref not resurrected on suspend timeout - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/095417d6b669c2dec39a5842ccb94df915f97f54

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-45955(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(1)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
linuxKernel @ 6.18.14 (fixes >=6.18.0)—osv

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.12.100-1 ... 6.18~rc7-1~exp1 (104 versions)
  • every version up to 6.18.14-1: fixed in 6.18.14-1
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 7× in last 7d / 43× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 268 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 168 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-30 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  2. 2026-10-27 18:31 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-10-27 18:31 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-7293-q55v-843q · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  4. 2026-10-26 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  5. 2026-10-25 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  6. 2026-10-25 14:25 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-24 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  8. 2026-10-23 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  9. 2026-10-22 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  10. 2026-10-21 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  11. 2026-10-20 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  12. 2026-10-19 20:33 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-10-19 20:33 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-7293-q55v-843q · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  14. 2026-10-19 19:31 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-19 19:31 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-7293-q55v-843q · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  16. 2026-10-19 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  17. 2026-10-18 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  18. 2026-10-18 03:37 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-17 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  20. 2026-10-16 16:58 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-16 16:57 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-7293-q55v-843q · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  22. 2026-10-16 16:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  23. 2026-10-16 15:31 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-10-16 15:31 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-7293-q55v-843q · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  25. 2026-10-15 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-10-14 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  2. 2026-10-13 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  3. 2026-10-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  4. 2026-10-12 16:03 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-11 19:46 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-11 17:00 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-11 14:25 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-11 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  9. 2026-10-10 20:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  10. 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  11. 2026-10-08 17:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  12. 2026-10-07 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  13. 2026-10-06 15:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  14. 2026-10-05 17:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  15. 2026-10-04 23:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  16. 2026-10-03 18:51 UTCOSV refresh
  17. 2026-10-03 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  18. 2026-10-01 19:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  19. 2026-09-30 15:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  20. 2026-09-27 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  21. 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 5th percentile
  22. 2026-09-23 17:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  23. 2026-09-20 20:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  24. 2026-09-18 19:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  25. 2026-09-17 19:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  26. 2026-09-16 14:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  27. 2026-09-16 05:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  28. 2026-09-14 08:56 UTCEG score recompute
  29. 2026-09-14 08:56 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-7293-q55v-843q · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  30. 2026-09-13 16:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  31. 2026-09-13 04:09 UTCOSV refresh
  32. 2026-09-12 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  33. 2026-09-11 14:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  34. 2026-09-11 09:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  35. 2026-09-10 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  36. 2026-09-08 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  37. 2026-09-07 16:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  38. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  39. 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  40. 2026-09-02 14:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  41. 2026-09-01 13:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  42. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  43. 2026-08-30 01:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  44. 2026-08-28 21:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  45. 2026-08-27 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  46. 2026-08-26 14:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  47. 2026-08-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  48. 2026-08-25 05:38 UTCEG score recompute
  49. 2026-08-25 05:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-7293-q55v-843q · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  50. 2026-08-23 15:27 UTCEG score recompute
  51. 2026-08-23 15:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-7293-q55v-843q · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  52. 2026-08-23 00:19 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  53. 2026-08-21 23:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  54. 2026-08-21 20:49 UTCEG score recompute
  55. 2026-08-21 20:49 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-7293-q55v-843q · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  56. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  57. 2026-08-20 12:34 UTCEG score recompute
  58. 2026-08-20 12:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-7293-q55v-843q · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  59. 2026-08-19 17:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  60. 2026-08-18 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  61. 2026-08-17 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  62. 2026-08-17 09:20 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-7293-q55v-843q · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  63. 2026-08-16 16:26 UTCEG score recompute
  64. 2026-08-16 16:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-7293-q55v-843q · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  65. 2026-08-16 14:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  66. 2026-08-16 02:53 UTCEG score recompute
  67. 2026-08-16 02:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-7293-q55v-843q · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  68. 2026-08-16 02:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  69. 2026-08-15 01:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  70. 2026-08-15 00:11 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-7293-q55v-843q · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  71. 2026-08-14 12:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-7293-q55v-843q · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  72. 2026-08-14 01:32 UTCEG score recompute
  73. 2026-08-14 01:32 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-7293-q55v-843q · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  74. 2026-08-13 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  75. 2026-08-13 01:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-7293-q55v-843q · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-45955?
CVE-2026-45955 is a high-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on May 27, 2026. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: md/md-llbitmap: fix percpu_ref not resurrected on suspend timeout When llbitmapsuspendtimeout() times out waiting for percpu_ref to become zero, it returns -ETIMEDOUT without resurrecting the percpu_ref. The caller…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2026-45955 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2026-45955 was published on May 27, 2026. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 19, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-45955 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-45955 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.1% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (2nd percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-45955?
CVE-2026-45955 has a CVSS base score of 7.1 (a secondary CVSS source that NVD displays; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-45955?
A fix for CVE-2026-45955 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-45955 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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