CVE-2026-45859

HIGHPre-NVD 7.57.5
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

Score 7.5 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2026-05-27. the CNA's CVSS baseline 7.5; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: cna:linux, epss, ghsa
7.5EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 1%CVSS: 7.5Exploit: None knownExposed: 0

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

netfilter: nfnetlink_queue: do shared-unconfirmed check before segmentation

Ulrich reports a regression with nfqueue:

If an application did not set the 'F_GSO' capability flag and a gso packet with an unconfirmed nf_conn entry is received all packets are now dropped instead of queued, because the check happens after skb_gso_segment(). In that case, we did have exclusive ownership of the skb and its associated conntrack entry. The elevated use count is due to skb_clone happening via skb_gso_segment().

Move the check so that its peformed vs. the aggregated packet.

Then, annotate the individual segments except the first one so we can do a 2nd check at reinject time.

For the normal case, where userspace does in-order reinjects, this avoids packet drops: first reinjected segment continues traversal and confirms entry, remaining segments observe the confirmed entry.

While at it, simplify nf_ct_drop_unconfirmed(): We only care about unconfirmed entries with a refcnt > 1, there is no need to special-case dying entries.

This only happens with UDP. With TCP, the only unconfirmed packet will be the TCP SYN, those aren't aggregated by GRO.

Next patch adds a udpgro test case to cover this scenario.

CVSS v3
7.5
EG Score
7.5(medium)
EG Risk
38(Track)
EG Risk 38/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity75% × 45%
Exploitation1% × 40%
Automatability30% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS PROB
1%
EPSS %ILE
47%
KEV
Not listed

Published

May 27, 2026

Last Modified

August 5, 2026

Advisory Details (4)

Auto-updated Jun 7, 2026
No patch confirmed yet.
generic

netfilter: nfnetlink_queue: do shared-unconfirmed check before segmentation - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b740e7ddd7ca0dbfeafca3f5e52717206cf28524
generic

netfilter: nfnetlink_queue: do shared-unconfirmed check before segmentation - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/79b713ef4261a8ead96af4703f89d0b5f25532e2
generic

netfilter: nfnetlink_queue: do shared-unconfirmed check before segmentation - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/23901aa6b8a2f294c4b774436b4691f3ff863a8f
generic

netfilter: nfnetlink_queue: do shared-unconfirmed check before segmentation - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/207b3ebacb6113acaaec0d171d5307032c690004

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-45859(2)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(13)

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(3 across 3 ecosystems)
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
linux6.1.106-1 ... 7.2~rc5-1~exp1 (335 versions)
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
linux6.12.38-1 ... 6.12.85-1~bpo12+1 (17 versions)6.12.85-1
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
linux6.12.100-1 ... 6.18~rc7-1~exp1 (100 versions)6.18.14-1

All Vendor Advisories

(12)

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 5× in last 7d / 83× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 241 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-09-02 14:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-09-01 13:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-08-30 01:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-08-28 21:41 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-08-27 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-08-26 14:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-08-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-08-25 05:52 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-08-25 05:52 UTCVendor advisory
  12. 2026-08-25 05:52 UTCGHSA enrichment
  13. 2026-08-23 15:39 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-08-23 15:39 UTCVendor advisory
  15. 2026-08-23 15:39 UTCGHSA enrichment
  16. 2026-08-23 00:19 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-08-21 23:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-08-21 21:01 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-08-21 21:01 UTCVendor advisory
  20. 2026-08-21 21:01 UTCGHSA enrichment
  21. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-08-20 17:46 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-08-20 17:46 UTCVendor advisory
  24. 2026-08-20 17:46 UTCGHSA enrichment
  25. 2026-08-19 17:04 UTCEPSS rescore
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-08-18 13:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-08-17 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-08-17 09:22 UTCVendor advisory
  4. 2026-08-17 09:22 UTCGHSA enrichment
  5. 2026-08-16 16:27 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-08-16 16:27 UTCVendor advisory
  7. 2026-08-16 16:27 UTCGHSA enrichment
  8. 2026-08-16 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-08-16 02:55 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-08-16 02:55 UTCVendor advisory
  11. 2026-08-16 02:55 UTCGHSA enrichment
  12. 2026-08-16 02:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-08-15 03:30 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-08-15 03:30 UTCVendor advisory
  15. 2026-08-15 03:30 UTCGHSA enrichment
  16. 2026-08-15 01:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-08-14 14:32 UTCVendor advisory
  18. 2026-08-14 14:32 UTCGHSA enrichment
  19. 2026-08-14 01:35 UTCEG score recompute
  20. 2026-08-14 01:35 UTCVendor advisory
  21. 2026-08-14 01:35 UTCGHSA enrichment
  22. 2026-08-13 22:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-08-12 22:32 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-08-12 22:32 UTCVendor advisory
  25. 2026-08-12 22:32 UTCGHSA enrichment
  26. 2026-08-12 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-08-12 09:36 UTCVendor advisory
  28. 2026-08-12 09:36 UTCGHSA enrichment
  29. 2026-08-11 15:21 UTCEG score recompute
  30. 2026-08-11 15:21 UTCVendor advisory
  31. 2026-08-11 15:21 UTCGHSA enrichment
  32. 2026-08-11 01:50 UTCEG score recompute
  33. 2026-08-11 01:50 UTCVendor advisory
  34. 2026-08-11 01:50 UTCGHSA enrichment
  35. 2026-08-11 00:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  36. 2026-08-10 12:54 UTCVendor advisory
  37. 2026-08-10 12:54 UTCGHSA enrichment
  38. 2026-08-09 23:57 UTCEG score recompute
  39. 2026-08-09 23:57 UTCVendor advisory
  40. 2026-08-09 23:57 UTCGHSA enrichment
  41. 2026-08-09 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  42. 2026-08-09 11:01 UTCVendor advisory
  43. 2026-08-09 11:01 UTCGHSA enrichment
  44. 2026-08-08 22:03 UTCEG score recompute
  45. 2026-08-08 22:03 UTCVendor advisory
  46. 2026-08-08 22:03 UTCGHSA enrichment
  47. 2026-08-08 16:37 UTCEPSS rescore
  48. 2026-08-08 07:48 UTCVendor advisory
  49. 2026-08-08 07:48 UTCGHSA enrichment
  50. 2026-08-07 18:52 UTCEG score recompute
  51. 2026-08-07 18:52 UTCVendor advisory
  52. 2026-08-07 18:52 UTCGHSA enrichment
  53. 2026-08-07 05:55 UTCVendor advisory
  54. 2026-08-07 05:55 UTCGHSA enrichment
  55. 2026-08-06 16:43 UTCEG score recompute
  56. 2026-08-06 16:43 UTCVendor advisory
  57. 2026-08-06 16:43 UTCGHSA enrichment
  58. 2026-08-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  59. 2026-08-06 02:40 UTCEG score recompute
  60. 2026-08-06 02:40 UTCVendor advisory
  61. 2026-08-06 02:40 UTCGHSA enrichment
  62. 2026-08-05 19:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  63. 2026-08-05 13:44 UTCEG score recompute
  64. 2026-08-05 13:44 UTCVendor advisory
  65. 2026-08-05 13:44 UTCGHSA enrichment
  66. 2026-08-04 15:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  67. 2026-08-04 10:39 UTCEPSS rescore
  68. 2026-08-04 05:27 UTCVendor advisory
  69. 2026-08-04 05:27 UTCGHSA enrichment
  70. 2026-08-03 16:30 UTCEG score recompute
  71. 2026-08-03 16:30 UTCVendor advisory
  72. 2026-08-03 16:30 UTCGHSA enrichment
  73. 2026-08-03 10:36 UTCEPSS rescore
  74. 2026-08-02 17:42 UTCVendor advisory
  75. 2026-08-02 17:42 UTCGHSA enrichment

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-45859?
CVE-2026-45859 is a high vulnerability published on May 27, 2026. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nfnetlink_queue: do shared-unconfirmed check before segmentation Ulrich reports a regression with nfqueue: If an application did not set the 'F_GSO' capability flag and a gso packet with an unconfirmed nf_conn entry is…
When was CVE-2026-45859 disclosed?
CVE-2026-45859 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on May 27, 2026, with the most recent update on August 5, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2026-45859 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-45859 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 1% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 53.0% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-45859?
CVE-2026-45859 has a CVSS v4.0 base score of 7.5 (CNA self-assessment; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-45859?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2026-45859, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

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