CVE-2026-44891

HIGHPre-NVD 7.57.5
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

This high-severity CVE scores 7.5 under a secondary CVSS source (NVD's own analysis pending). EPSS exploit probability: 0.7% (52nd percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). No GitHub Security Advisory CVSS is on record for this CVE.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from a secondary CVSS source
Sources: EPSS, a secondary CVSS source
Elevated
7.5EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • CISA's Vulnrichment rates exploitation as PoC; EchelonGraph holds no exploit-code reference for it
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.7%CVSS: 7.5Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

Netty is a network application framework for development of protocol servers and clients. Prior to 4.1.136.Final and 4.2.16.Final, io.netty.handler.codec.stomp.StompSubframeDecoder fails to limit the total number of headers or their cumulative size per frame, and the maxLineLength parameter only restricts individual header lines. An attacker can send a large number of short headers that are accumulated in memory inside DefaultStompHeadersSubframe until the JVM throws an OutOfMemoryError, causing denial of service for servers exposing a STOMP endpoint based on StompSubframeDecoder. This issue is fixed in versions 4.1.136.Final and 4.2.16.Final.

CVSS v3
7.5
EG Score
7.5HIGHmedium confidence
EG Risk
65
EG Risk 65/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity75% × 45%
The EG Score, 7.5 of 10.
Exploitation40% × 40%
EchelonGraph's fixed weight for EG-KEV Tier 3 (Elevated): a constant, not a probability.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
0.7%
EPSS %ILE
52nd
KEV
Not listed

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

July 14, 2026

Last Modified

July 23, 2026

Advisory Details (7)

Auto-updated Jul 17, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github_release, github, github_commit, github_pr.
GitHub advisoryMentions a patch (unverified)

Denial of Service via Unbounded Headers in StompSubframeDecoder · Advisory · netty/netty · GitHub

https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-vhch-2wf3-m8rp
GitHub release Patch Available

netty-4.2.16.Final

Patch available: netty/netty netty-4.2.16.Final

https://github.com/netty/netty/releases/tag/netty-4.2.16.Final
GitHub release Patch Available

netty-4.1.136.Final

Patch available: netty/netty netty-4.1.136.Final

https://github.com/netty/netty/releases/tag/netty-4.1.136.Final
GitHub pull request Patch Available

Merge branches from forks (#17063)

Patch available: netty/netty netty-4.1.136.Final (PR #17065 merged 2026-07-08)

https://github.com/netty/netty/pull/17065
GitHub pull request Patch Available

Merge branches from forks

Patch available: netty/netty netty-4.2.16.Final (PR #17063 merged 2026-07-06)

https://github.com/netty/netty/pull/17063
GitHub commit Patch Available

commit bb2ff68a1fb7 (netty/netty)

Patch available: netty/netty netty-4.1.136.Final (contains commit bb2ff68a1fb7)

https://github.com/netty/netty/commit/bb2ff68a1fb71cb4b0eb9a9e17b66c52aff680c6
GitHub commit Patch Available

commit 5b68c61f37aa (netty/netty)

Patch available: netty/netty netty-4.2.16.Final (contains commit 5b68c61f37aa)

https://github.com/netty/netty/commit/5b68c61f37aa4a3045cba624cbea239655c9003b

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-44891(3)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(1)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
redhatnetty-codec-stomp2026-09-21redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(5 across 5 ecosystems)
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
netty1:4.1.48-10 ... 1:4.1.48-9 (16 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
netty1:4.1.48-10 ... 1:4.1.48-9 (12 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
netty1:4.1.48-10 ... 1:4.1.48-16 (8 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
netty1:4.1.48-10 ... 1:4.1.48-16 (7 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Maven(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
io.netty:netty-codec-stomp4.1.0.Beta1 ... 4.1.99.Final (151 versions)
  • 4.2.0.Alpha1 up to 4.2.16.Final: fixed in 4.2.16.Final
  • every version up to 4.1.136.Final: fixed in 4.1.136.Final
—

Weakness Classification(2)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 11× in last 7d / 35× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 170 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 70 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-13 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  2. 2026-10-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  3. 2026-10-12 16:04 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-11 19:47 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-11 17:01 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-11 14:27 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-11 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  8. 2026-10-10 20:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  9. 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  10. 2026-10-08 17:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  11. 2026-10-07 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  12. 2026-10-06 15:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  13. 2026-10-05 17:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  14. 2026-10-04 23:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  15. 2026-10-03 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  16. 2026-10-01 19:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  17. 2026-10-01 12:50 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-01 12:50 UTCVendor advisory
  19. 2026-09-30 15:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  20. 2026-09-28 08:52 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-09-28 08:52 UTCVendor advisory
  22. 2026-09-27 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  23. 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  24. 2026-09-24 08:58 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-09-24 08:58 UTCVendor advisory
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-09-23 17:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  2. 2026-09-23 03:26 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-09-23 03:26 UTCVendor advisory
  4. 2026-09-20 20:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  5. 2026-09-18 19:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  6. 2026-09-18 04:49 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-09-18 04:49 UTCVendor advisory
  8. 2026-09-17 19:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  9. 2026-09-16 14:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  10. 2026-09-16 05:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  11. 2026-09-14 10:24 UTCVendor advisory
  12. 2026-09-13 23:15 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-09-13 23:15 UTCVendor advisory
  14. 2026-09-13 16:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  15. 2026-09-13 07:29 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-09-13 07:29 UTCVendor advisory
  17. 2026-09-12 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  18. 2026-09-12 13:07 UTCVendor advisory
  19. 2026-09-11 21:52 UTCEG score recompute
  20. 2026-09-11 21:52 UTCVendor advisory
  21. 2026-09-11 14:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  22. 2026-09-11 09:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  23. 2026-09-10 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  24. 2026-09-08 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  25. 2026-09-08 01:04 UTCEG score recompute
  26. 2026-09-08 01:04 UTCVendor advisory
  27. 2026-09-07 16:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  28. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  29. 2026-09-06 13:31 UTCVendor advisory
  30. 2026-09-05 20:55 UTCEG score recompute
  31. 2026-09-05 20:55 UTCVendor advisory
  32. 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  33. 2026-09-02 14:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  34. 2026-09-01 13:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  35. 2026-08-31 03:02 UTCEG score recompute
  36. 2026-08-31 03:02 UTCVendor advisory
  37. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  38. 2026-08-30 16:09 UTCVendor advisory
  39. 2026-08-30 04:08 UTCEG score recompute
  40. 2026-08-30 04:08 UTCVendor advisory
  41. 2026-08-30 01:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  42. 2026-08-28 21:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  43. 2026-08-27 23:54 UTCEG score recompute
  44. 2026-08-27 23:54 UTCVendor advisory
  45. 2026-08-27 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  46. 2026-08-27 12:52 UTCVendor advisory
  47. 2026-08-26 23:17 UTCEG score recompute
  48. 2026-08-26 23:17 UTCVendor advisory
  49. 2026-08-26 14:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  50. 2026-08-26 12:11 UTCVendor advisory
  51. 2026-08-25 23:59 UTCEG score recompute
  52. 2026-08-25 23:59 UTCVendor advisory
  53. 2026-08-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  54. 2026-08-25 12:34 UTCVendor advisory
  55. 2026-08-25 01:35 UTCVendor advisory
  56. 2026-08-24 14:43 UTCEG score recompute
  57. 2026-08-24 14:43 UTCVendor advisory
  58. 2026-08-24 03:47 UTCVendor advisory
  59. 2026-08-23 15:30 UTCVendor advisory
  60. 2026-08-23 04:38 UTCEG score recompute
  61. 2026-08-23 04:38 UTCVendor advisory
  62. 2026-08-23 00:19 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  63. 2026-08-22 17:45 UTCVendor advisory
  64. 2026-08-22 06:53 UTCEG score recompute
  65. 2026-08-22 06:53 UTCVendor advisory
  66. 2026-08-21 23:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  67. 2026-08-21 20:00 UTCVendor advisory
  68. 2026-08-21 09:08 UTCEG score recompute
  69. 2026-08-21 09:08 UTCVendor advisory
  70. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  71. 2026-08-20 22:16 UTCVendor advisory
  72. 2026-08-20 11:17 UTCVendor advisory
  73. 2026-08-20 00:24 UTCEG score recompute
  74. 2026-08-20 00:24 UTCVendor advisory
  75. 2026-08-19 17:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile

Related CVEs(same product + same vendor + same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-44891?
CVE-2026-44891 is a high-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on July 14, 2026. Netty is a network application framework for development of protocol servers and clients. Prior to 4.1.136.Final and 4.2.16.Final, io.netty.handler.codec.stomp.StompSubframeDecoder fails to limit the total number of headers or their cumulative size per frame, and the maxLineLength parameter only…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2026-44891 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2026-44891 was published on July 14, 2026. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of July 23, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-44891 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-44891 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.7% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (52nd percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-44891?
CVE-2026-44891 has a CVSS base score of 7.5 (a secondary CVSS source that NVD displays; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-44891?
A fix for CVE-2026-44891 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-44891 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

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