CVE-2026-32762

MEDIUMNVD 6.56.5
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

This medium-severity CVE scores 6.5 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.2% (7th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). No GitHub Security Advisory CVSS is on record for this CVE.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from NVD CVSS v3
Sources: EPSS, NVD CVSS v3

Also known asEUVD-2026-18423 (ENISA EUVD)Source: ENISA EUVD

6.5EG
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.2%CVSS: 6.5Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. From versions 3.0.0.beta1 to before 3.1.21 and 3.2.0 to before 3.2.6, Rack::Utils.forwarded_values parses the RFC 7239 Forwarded header by splitting on semicolons before handling quoted-string values. Because quoted values may legally contain semicolons, a header can be interpreted by Rack as multiple Forwarded directives rather than as a single quoted for value. In deployments where an upstream proxy, WAF, or intermediary validates or preserves quoted Forwarded values differently, this discrepancy can allow an attacker to smuggle host, proto, for, or by parameters through a single header value. This issue has been patched in versions 3.1.21 and 3.2.6.

CVSS v3
6.5
EG Score
6.5MEDIUMmedium confidence
EG Risk
29
EG Risk 29/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity65% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 6.5 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.2% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at every mission impact level.
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.2%
EPSS %ILE
7th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (6.5): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 6.5 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
6.5 MEDIUMCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.NVD CVSS v3 · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
EG Likelihood
0.2% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS. FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at every mission impact level.CISA BOD 26-04: 60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at every mission impact level.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

April 2, 2026

Last Modified

July 24, 2026

Advisory Details (1)

Auto-updated Jul 25, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github.
GitHub advisoryMentions a patch (unverified)

`Forwarded` header semicolon injection enables `Host` and `Scheme` spoofing. · Advisory · rack/rack · GitHub

https://github.com/rack/rack/security/advisories/GHSA-qfgr-crr9-7r49

Patch Availability(1)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
ubunturuby-rack (1.6.4-3ubuntu0.2+esm10) @ xenial2026-10-23ubuntu

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(3 across 3 ecosystems)
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
ruby-rack3.1.16-0.1, 3.1.18-1, 3.1.18-1~deb13u1, 3.1.20-0+deb13u1
  • every version up to 3.1.20-0+deb13u2: fixed in 3.1.20-0+deb13u2
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
ruby-rack3.1.16-0.1 ... 3.2.6-1 (7 versions)
  • every version up to 3.2.6-2: fixed in 3.2.6-2
—
RubyGems(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
rack3.2.0 ... 3.2.5 (6 versions)
  • 3.0.0.beta1 up to 3.1.21: fixed in 3.1.21
  • 3.2.0 up to 3.2.6: fixed in 3.2.6
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

All Vendor Advisories

(1)

Every vendor that published an advisory referencing this CVE — pulled from our cve_vendor_advisories aggregation. Click any row for the vendor's original advisory page.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 8× in last 7d / 38× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 96 of 228 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 4 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 132 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-10-29 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  2. 2026-10-28 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  3. 2026-10-27 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  4. 2026-10-26 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  5. 2026-10-25 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  6. 2026-10-25 14:35 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-24 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  8. 2026-10-23 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  9. 2026-10-23 03:34 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-10-23 03:34 UTCVendor advisory
  11. 2026-10-22 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  12. 2026-10-21 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  13. 2026-10-20 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  14. 2026-10-19 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  15. 2026-10-18 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  16. 2026-10-18 03:47 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-10-17 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  18. 2026-10-16 16:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  19. 2026-10-15 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  20. 2026-10-14 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  21. 2026-10-13 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  22. 2026-10-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  23. 2026-10-12 16:14 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-10-11 19:56 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-10-11 17:09 UTCEG score recompute
Show 71 more
  1. 2026-10-11 14:36 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-10-11 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  3. 2026-10-11 02:31 UTCOSV refresh
  4. 2026-10-10 20:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  5. 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  6. 2026-10-08 17:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  7. 2026-10-07 23:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  8. 2026-10-06 15:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  9. 2026-10-05 17:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  10. 2026-10-04 23:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  11. 2026-10-03 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  12. 2026-10-01 19:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  13. 2026-09-30 15:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  14. 2026-09-28 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  15. 2026-09-27 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  16. 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  17. 2026-09-26 00:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  18. 2026-09-21 14:19 UTCOSV refresh
  19. 2026-09-20 20:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  20. 2026-09-18 19:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  21. 2026-09-17 19:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  22. 2026-09-16 14:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  23. 2026-09-16 05:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  24. 2026-09-13 16:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  25. 2026-09-12 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  26. 2026-09-10 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  27. 2026-09-08 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  28. 2026-09-07 16:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  29. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  30. 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  31. 2026-09-02 14:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  32. 2026-09-02 11:34 UTCOSV refresh
  33. 2026-09-01 13:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  34. 2026-09-01 04:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  35. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  36. 2026-08-30 01:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  37. 2026-08-28 21:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  38. 2026-08-27 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  39. 2026-08-26 14:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  40. 2026-08-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  41. 2026-08-21 23:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  42. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  43. 2026-08-19 17:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  44. 2026-08-18 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  45. 2026-08-17 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  46. 2026-08-16 14:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  47. 2026-08-16 09:22 UTCEG score recompute
  48. 2026-08-16 09:22 UTCVendor advisory
  49. 2026-08-16 02:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  50. 2026-08-15 01:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  51. 2026-08-14 05:48 UTCEG score recompute
  52. 2026-08-14 05:48 UTCVendor advisory
  53. 2026-08-13 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  54. 2026-08-12 20:03 UTCEG score recompute
  55. 2026-08-12 20:03 UTCVendor advisory
  56. 2026-08-12 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  57. 2026-08-11 04:25 UTCEG score recompute
  58. 2026-08-11 04:25 UTCVendor advisory
  59. 2026-08-11 00:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  60. 2026-08-10 04:52 UTCEG score recompute
  61. 2026-08-10 04:52 UTCVendor advisory
  62. 2026-08-09 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  63. 2026-08-09 05:20 UTCEG score recompute
  64. 2026-08-09 05:20 UTCVendor advisory
  65. 2026-08-08 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  66. 2026-08-07 15:26 UTCEG score recompute
  67. 2026-08-07 15:26 UTCVendor advisory
  68. 2026-08-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  69. 2026-08-06 00:23 UTCEG score recompute
  70. 2026-08-06 00:23 UTCVendor advisory
  71. 2026-08-05 19:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile

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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-32762?
CVE-2026-32762 is a medium-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on April 2, 2026. Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. From versions 3.0.0.beta1 to before 3.1.21 and 3.2.0 to before 3.2.6, Rack::Utils.forwarded_values parses the RFC 7239 Forwarded header by splitting on semicolons before handling quoted-string values. Because quoted values may legally contain semicolons,…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2026-32762 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2026-32762 was published on April 2, 2026. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of July 24, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-32762 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-32762 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.2% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (7th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-32762?
CVE-2026-32762 has a CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-32762?
A fix for CVE-2026-32762 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory.

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