CVE-2026-31495

MEDIUMNVD 5.55.5—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

Score 5.5 from GitHub Security Advisory published 2026-04-22. NVD baseline CVSS 5.5; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: epss, ghsa, nvd
Trending — 3 sources updated this week
5.5
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorLow exploitation likelihood right now — keep watching.
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS: 0%CVSS: 5.5Exploit: NoneExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

netfilter: ctnetlink: use netlink policy range checks

Replace manual range and mask validations with netlink policy annotations in ctnetlink code paths, so that the netlink core rejects invalid values early and can generate extack errors.

  • CTA_PROTOINFO_TCP_STATE: reject values > TCP_CONNTRACK_SYN_SENT2 at
policy level, removing the manual >= TCP_CONNTRACK_MAX check.
  • CTA_PROTOINFO_TCP_WSCALE_ORIGINAL/REPLY: reject values > TCP_MAX_WSCALE
(14). The normal TCP option parsing path already clamps to this value, but the ctnetlink path accepted 0-255, causing undefined behavior when used as a u32 shift count.
  • CTA_FILTER_ORIG_FLAGS/REPLY_FLAGS: use NLA_POLICY_MASK with
CTA_FILTER_F_ALL, removing the manual mask checks.
  • CTA_EXPECT_FLAGS: use NLA_POLICY_MASK with NF_CT_EXPECT_MASK, adding
a new mask define grouping all valid expect flags.

Extracted from a broader nf-next patch by Florian Westphal, scoped to ctnetlink for the fixes tree.

CVSS v3
5.5
EG Score
5.5(medium)
EPSS
2.9%
KEV
Not listed

Published

April 22, 2026

Last Modified

July 14, 2026

References (10)

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-31495(2)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 12× in last 7d / 43× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 132 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-07-15 02:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-07-15 02:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-07-14 13:19 UTCNVD updateCVSS v3 → 5.5 · severity → MEDIUM
  6. 2026-07-14 13:11 UTCMITRE cvelistV5
  7. 2026-07-13 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-07-13 06:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-07-13 06:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-07-12 05:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-07-11 08:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-07-09 19:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-07-08 15:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-07-07 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-07-06 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-07-06 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-07-06 02:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-07-06 02:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-07-05 02:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-07-04 06:31 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-07-01 15:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-06-30 23:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-06-29 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-06-29 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-06-28 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
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  1. 2026-06-28 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-06-28 04:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-06-28 04:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-06-27 03:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-06-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-06-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-06-24 14:05 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-06-23 21:33 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-06-23 21:33 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-06-22 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-06-22 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-06-21 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-06-19 19:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-06-19 19:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-06-18 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-06-18 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-06-17 17:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-06-16 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-06-15 17:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-06-14 23:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-06-14 12:39 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-06-14 12:39 UTCVendor advisory
  23. 2026-06-14 12:38 UTCGHSA enrichment
  24. 2026-06-13 23:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-06-12 23:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  26. 2026-06-12 23:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-06-11 14:47 UTCEG score recompute
  28. 2026-06-11 14:47 UTCVendor advisory
  29. 2026-06-11 14:46 UTCGHSA enrichment
  30. 2026-06-11 14:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  31. 2026-06-10 22:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  32. 2026-06-10 13:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  33. 2026-06-10 04:19 UTCEG score recompute
  34. 2026-06-10 04:19 UTCVendor advisory
  35. 2026-06-10 04:19 UTCGHSA enrichment
  36. 2026-06-09 03:45 UTCEG score recompute
  37. 2026-06-09 03:45 UTCVendor advisory
  38. 2026-06-09 03:45 UTCGHSA enrichment
  39. 2026-06-08 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  40. 2026-06-08 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  41. 2026-06-07 21:03 UTCEG score recompute
  42. 2026-06-07 21:03 UTCVendor advisory
  43. 2026-06-07 21:03 UTCGHSA enrichment
  44. 2026-06-07 15:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  45. 2026-06-07 15:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  46. 2026-06-07 15:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  47. 2026-06-06 20:28 UTCEG score recompute
  48. 2026-06-06 20:28 UTCVendor advisory
  49. 2026-06-06 20:28 UTCGHSA enrichment
  50. 2026-06-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  51. 2026-06-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  52. 2026-06-05 22:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  53. 2026-06-05 22:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  54. 2026-06-05 18:41 UTCEG score recompute
  55. 2026-06-05 18:41 UTCVendor advisory
  56. 2026-06-05 18:41 UTCGHSA enrichment
  57. 2026-06-05 06:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  58. 2026-06-05 06:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  59. 2026-06-04 17:01 UTCEG score recompute
  60. 2026-06-04 17:01 UTCVendor advisory
  61. 2026-06-04 17:01 UTCGHSA enrichment
  62. 2026-06-04 13:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  63. 2026-06-04 13:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  64. 2026-06-03 16:06 UTCEG score recompute
  65. 2026-06-03 16:06 UTCVendor advisory
  66. 2026-06-03 16:06 UTCGHSA enrichment
  67. 2026-06-02 20:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  68. 2026-06-02 20:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  69. 2026-06-02 15:33 UTCEG score recompute
  70. 2026-06-02 15:33 UTCVendor advisory
  71. 2026-06-02 15:33 UTCGHSA enrichment
  72. 2026-06-01 15:00 UTCEG score recompute
  73. 2026-06-01 15:00 UTCVendor advisory
  74. 2026-06-01 15:00 UTCGHSA enrichment
  75. 2026-06-01 14:58 UTCGHSA enrichment

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-31495?
CVE-2026-31495 is a medium vulnerability published on April 22, 2026. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: ctnetlink: use netlink policy range checks Replace manual range and mask validations with netlink policy annotations in ctnetlink code paths, so that the netlink core rejects invalid values early and can generate extack…
When was CVE-2026-31495 disclosed?
CVE-2026-31495 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on April 22, 2026, with the most recent update on July 14, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2026-31495 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-31495 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 2.9% percentile likelihood of exploitation in the next 30 days — higher percentiles indicate greater predicted risk.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-31495?
CVE-2026-31495 has a CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-31495?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2026-31495, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

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